高考英语阅读理解专题训练极品题（16）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解专题训练极品题（16）及答案c82013新课标全国卷 -b the baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. she is quiet but alert(警觉). twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.she stares at it carefully. a researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. as the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focusuntil a third, with three black spots, is presented. her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? the same experiment，but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.perhaps it is just the newness? when slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three? no again.babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. the effect even crosses between senses.babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.60the experiment described in paragraph 1 is related to the babys_asense of hearingbsense of sightcsense of touchdsense of smell61babies are sensitive to the change in _athe size of cardsbthe colour of picturescthe shape of patternsdthe number of objects62why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?ato reduce the difficulty of the experiment.bto see how babies recognize sounds.cto carry their experiment further.dto keep the babies interest.63where does this text probably come from?ascience fiction.bchildrens literature.can advertisement.da science report.【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。通过变化纸上的黑点及鼓的敲打次数对婴儿的视觉、听觉进行实验。60b推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“she stares at it carefully.”可知，本段是对孩子的视觉进行实验。故选b。61d事实细节题。根据文章第二段中的“babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two.”可知d正确。62c推理判断题。文章第一段描述对孩子的视力进行实验，接下来用鼓来对孩子的听力继续实验。所以选c。63d推理判断题。纵观文章，这是一篇医学实验报告，所以选d。社会生活类-49celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption(消费) on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they dont sell nearly as well as famous faces. as a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others products to developing their own. celebrity clothing lines arent a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few tv actresses. today theyre started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. the most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. as celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life. however, for every success story, theres a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. no matter how famous the products origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. and once the initial(最初的) attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty(忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels. today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. the pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. each misstep threatens to reduce a celebritys shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. still, the egos (自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to the conquered. as the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashionlike celebrityhas always been temporary. 1. fashion magazines today.a. seldom put models on the coverb. no longer put models on the coverc. need not worry about celebrities market potentiald. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly2. a change in the consumer market can be found today that.a. price rather than brand name is more concernedb. producers prefer models to celebrities for advertisementsc. producers prefer tv actresses to film stars for advertisementsd. quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned3. the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly.a. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his productsb. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general publicc. cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show businessd. influence the price of a celebritys products4. the passage is mainly about.a. celebrity and personal styleb. celebrity and market potentialc. celebrity and fashion designd. celebrity and clothing industry【参考答案】49.1-4 adab 社会生活类-50the global energy crisis is approaching. what can we do?here are some steps you can take.cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid (电网). just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage,a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. clean or replace filter monthly or as needed.for central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners,look for the energy star,the federal governments symbol for energy efficiency. for central air,purchase the system with the highest possible seasonal energy efficiency ratia(seer).use energy-efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air. when used with air conditioning,fans allow you to raise the thermostat (恒温器)and cut costs. ceiling fans cool people,not rooms,so before you leave,turn off the ceiling fan.let a programmable thermostat “remember for you” to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent. you can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and creating pollution all day while you are at work.try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort,make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent.cut your air conditioning load,and reduce pollution by planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof.close blinds or shades on south-and west-facing windows during the day,or fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up.turn off everything not in use:lights,tvs,computers. and use fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯),which provide bright,warm light while using at least two-thirds less energy,producing 70 percent less beat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs (白炽灯).drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. if you drive 12,500 miles a year,switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than $65 per year.carpool. the average u. s. commuter (乘车上班族) could save about $260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two other people in a car that gets 20. 1 mpgassuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.1. according to the passage,the thermostat is used to.a. make rooms quieterb. control room temperaturec. turn off the air conditionerd. reduce room air pollution2. we can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages.a. planting leafy trees around your homeb. turning off the ceiling fan before you leave your housec. keeping your south-facing windows open during the dayd. using fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs3. according to the passage,you can save fuel by.a. using energy-efficient ceiling fansb. sharing cars with others on workdaysc. turning off everything not in used. reducing 10% of your car trips every year4. this passage is mainly about.a. energy-saving tipsb. fuel-saving tipsc. do-it-yourself tipsd. environment-protecting tips【参考答案】50.1-4 bcba c82013浙江卷 -bbelow is a selection from a popular science book. if blood is red, why are veins(静脉) blue?actually, veins are not blue at all. they are more of a clear, yellowish colour. although blood looks red when its outside the body, when its sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, its more of a dark reddish purple colour. at the right depth, these bloodfilled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison. which works harder, your heart or your brain?that kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising. your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. but, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it. why do teeth fall out, and why dont they grow back in grownups?baby(or“milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria. once this second set of teeth has grown in, youre done. when theyre gone, theyre gone. this is because nature figures youre set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off. do old people shrink as they age?yes and no. many people do get shorter as they age. but, when they do, it isnt because theyre shrinking all over. they simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力). many(but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. men lose an average of 34 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. if you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? no, because old people dont really shrink! it is not that they are growing backwardstheir legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. when they do get shorter, its because the spine has shortened a little. or, more often, become more bent and curved. why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?because your brain gets confused between what youre seeing and what youre feeling. the brain senses that youre spinning using special gravityandmotionsensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable. but when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks youre moving while youre not!where do feelings and emotions come from?mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. all mammals have this brain areafrom mice to dogs, cats, and humans. so all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. but since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet. if exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. and as far as your body is concerned, its “use it, or lose it”！ its not that exercise makes you healthy; its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease. 46. what is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin? a. blue. b. light yellow. c. red. d. dark reddish purple. 47why do some old people look