高考英语阅读理解基础精品训练题（114）.doc

1 20142014 高考英语阅读理解基础精品训练题 高考英语阅读理解基础精品训练题 114114 及答案 及答案 阅读理解阅读理解 b b alzheimer s disease affects millions of people around the world american researchers say the disease will affect more than one hundred million people worldwide by the year twenty fifty that would be four times the current number researchers and doctors have been studying alzheimer s patients for a century yet the cause and cure for the mental sickness are still unknown however some researchers have made important steps towards understanding it several early signs of the disease involve memory and thought processes at first patients have trouble remembering little things later they have trouble remembering more important things such as the names of their children there are also some physical tests that might show who is at risk of developing alzheimer s disease the tests look for proteins in brain and spinal cord fluid the proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease the protein tests correctly identify the presence of the disease in about ninety percent of patients now a much simpler physical test to predict alzheimer s risk has been developed researchers found that trouble with the sense of smell can be one of the first signs of alzheimer s using this information they developed a test in which people were asked to identify twelve familiar smells these smells included cinnamon black pepper chocolate paint thinner and smoke the study continued for five years during this period the same people were asked to take several tests measuring their memory and thought abilities fifty percent of those who could not identify at least four of the smells in the first test had trouble with their memory and thinking in the next five years another study has shown a possible way to reduce a person s chances of developing alzheimer s disease in old age researchers in chicago found that people who use their brains more often are less likely to develop alzheimer s 2 disease those who read a newspaper or play chess or word games are about three times less likely to develop the condition researchers say they still do not know what causes alzheimer s disease but they say these findings might help prevent the disease in the future 6 what s the main idea of the passage a some early signs of the alzheimer s disease b some physical tests about alzheimer s disease c the research about alzheimer s disease d the patients of alzheimer s disease 7 what s the current number of alzheimer s patients a 100 million b 25 millionc 400 milliond 2050 million 8 what is notnot the early signs of the alzheimer s disease according to the passage a poor memory b proteins exist in the brain c trouble with the sense of smell d less use of the brain 9 what does the underlined word it in paragraph 1 refer to a alzheimer s disease b alzheimer s patients c the cause and cure d the research 10 according to the passage we can learn that a there are no proteins in the brains of the people with no alzheimer s disease b the people who often use their brains will not get alzheimer s disease c researchers and doctors have found ways to cure alzheimer s disease d the people who have the trouble with the sense of smell will certainly suffer from alzheimer s disease 全解全析全解全析 本文主要讲述对老人痴呆症的研究 c 主旨大意题 根据全文所讨论的内容得知 选项 a b d 选项在文章中有讨论过 但不全 面 b 细节理解题 由第一段第二 第三行可知 到 2050 年老人痴呆症病人的人数会达到 100 million 也就是现在的 4 倍 现在的人数就是 25 million 3 d 细节理解题 a b c 都是老人痴呆症的早期特征 d 项指少用脑只会更容易得老人痴呆 症 而不是它的早期特征 a 词义猜测题 根据上文和此句的意义可知答案 a 推理判断题 由第三段 the proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease 可推断出答案 c c when i met him i had a lot of anger inside of me i ve lived my whole life in spanish harlem but in my neighborhood there are shoot ups all the time i know kids who have been shot or beaten up i have friends who ended up in prison i could have ended up that way too but mr clark wouldn t let that happen mr clark worked long hours making sure i did my work my grades rose in fact the scores of our whole class rose one day he took our class to see the phantom of the opera and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of harlem before the show he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our mouths full we did not want to let him down mr clark was selected as disney s 2000 teacher of the year he said he would draw three names out of a hat those students would go with him to los angeles to get the award but when the time came to draw names mr clark said you re all going on graduation day there were a lot of tears we didn t want his class to end in 2001 he moved to atlanta but he always kept in touch he started giving lectures about education and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules the essential 55 in 2003 mr clark took some of us on a trip to south africa to deliver school supplies and visit the orphanages 孤儿院 it was the most amazing experience of my life it s now my dream to one day start a group of women s 4 clubs helping people from all backgrounds 11 without mr clark the writer a might have been put into prisonb might not have won the prize c might have joined a women s clubd might not have moved to atlanta 12 the essential 55 is a a showb a speechc a classroom ruled a book 13 how many students names were finally drawn out of a hat by mr clark a none b three c fifty five d all 14 what can we learn in the passage a it was in harlem that we saw the phantom of the opera for the first time b mr clark taught us not to talk with our mouths full and we did c mr clark was selected as disney s 2000 teacher of the year in los angeles d in 2003 mr clark moved to atlanta and he always kept in touch with us 15 in the passage the writer intends to tell us that a mr clark went to south africa because he liked traveling b mr clark helped to set up a group of women s clubs c a good teacher can help raise his or her students scores d a good teacher has a good influence on his or her students 参考答案 11 15 11 20 adabd d can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king michael jackson perhaps yes scientists have found the gene that determines skin color the gene comes in two versions one of which is found in 99 per cent of europeans the other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of africans researchers at pennsylvania state university report in the latest issue of science scientists have changed the color of a dark striped zebrafish 斑马鱼 to 5 uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment 色素 gene into a young fish as with humans zebrafish skin color is determined by pigment cells which contain melanin 黑色素 the number size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color it appears that like the golden zebrafish light skinned europeans also have a mutation 变异 in the gene for melanin production this results in less pigmented skin however keith cheng leader of the research team points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes humans acquired dark skin in africa about 1 5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra violet rays of the sun 太阳光紫外线 which can cause skin cancer but when modern humans leave africa to live in northern latitudes they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin d so the related gene changes according to cheng asians have the same version of the gene as africans so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color said cheng the new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer it also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on michael jackson 16 the passage mainly tells us that a people can not change their skin color without any pain b the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely c pop king michael jackson often changed his skin color as he liked d scientists have found out that people s skin color is determined by the gene 17 it can be inferred from the passage that a nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer a lot 6 from the damage caused by the chemical treatment b europeans and africans have the same gene c the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer d there are two kinds of genes 18 scientists have done an experiment on a dark striped zebrafish in order to a find the different genes of humans b prove the humans skin color is determined by the pigment gene c find out the reason why the africans skin color is dark d find out the ways of changing people s skin color 19 the reason why europeans are light skinned is probably that a they are born light skinned people b light skinned europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production c they have fewer activities outside d they pay much attention to protecting their skin 20 the writer s attitude towards the discovery is a neutral 中立的 b negative c positive d indifferent 冷漠 参考答案 16 20 dabbc 阅读理解阅读理解 c c slang is a popular less official and often very current form of language it is an important part of a living language and is constantly changing as language changes slang is often playful direct and sometimes less respectful than the more official and traditional version of language so now i m going to lay it on you to lay it on is american slang for to tell or to explain slang can take many forms for example slang can be local to one city or 7 area in washington d c there is a whole set of slang to describe politics and business in the city for example the term potus stands for president of the united states potus can often be found with his wife flotus the first lady of the united states inside the beltway is a popular expression that describes the area of washington d c the beltway is the large highway that circles the city the internet has helped create a whole new kind of computer related slang an angry fruit salad is an expression that describes a web site with too many bright colors netiquette is slang for correct behavior when using the internet young people often develop the latest slang for example to say special english rocks or is phat means special english is really great a kegger is a party where beer is served if something is wack it is wild and crazy different professions often have their own slang as well for example medical workers might refer to a complaining patient as a gomer a tough stick is someone whose veins are difficult to find when he or she needs to have blood taken no matter how well you speak english there are always new and interesting slang words to discover there are entire dictionaries for describing slang many experts do not even agree on what is and what is not slang often