高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（35）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（35）及答案阅读理解the alps are the youngest and highest mountain system in europe.they stretch across the western and southern part of the continent in a broad arc.the mountain range starts near the mediterranean sea on the border between france and italy.then it curves north and eastward through northern italy，switzerland，liechtenstein，southern germany，austria and slovenia.the alps are about 1,000 km long，and the broadest section is over 260 km wide.the highest peak，mont blanc，situated on the border between france，italy and switzerland，rises 4,807 meters above sea level.other famous peaks are the monte rosa，the matterhorn，the grobglockner and the zugspitze.millions of years ago the area of todays alps was covered by a large sea that separated europe and africa.the southern land mass started moving northwards.this movement folded rock layers at the bottom of the sea.heat and pressure transformed the rock and pushed the_material upwards.today these regions are the highest parts of the alps.most of the newly formed rock is granite and gneiss，but many ranges consist of limestone which also formed on the seabed.during the ice age，which started about a million years ago，the alps were covered with a thick blanket of snow.glaciers moved down valleys and made them wider and deeper.as they moved they took rock and other material with them，creating moraines(冰碛)when glaciers started to melt water filled up behind these natural dams and created the alpine lakes we know today.the largest of these glaciers is the aletsch in switzerland which reaches a length of about 25 km.the longest glacier of the eastern alps is the 8 km long pasterze，at the foot of the grobglockner.the ice and snow of the alpine regions helped create the large rivers of today：the rhine，rhone，danube and the po.60from the first two paragraphs we know the alps _.aare about 260 km widebstretch across the western part of africacare the youngest mountain system in the worlddhave the highest peak 4,807 meters above sea level61what does the underlined phrase “this material” in paragraph 3 refer to?asea water and rock. brock that was transformed.crock layers that were folded. dlimestone which was on the seabed.62it can be inferred from the passage that the alps were formed _.abefore the ice age bduring the ice agecbecause of seas movement dbecause of glaciers movement63from the passage we know danube is _.aa kind of rock bone of the alps famous peakscthe name of a river done of the largest glaciers60d由第二段的第二句话可知阿尔卑斯山脉的最高峰勃朗峰海拔4807米。61b根据该句的结构“heat and pressure transformed the rock and pushed the material upwards.”可知该词语指代前面的the rock，故选b项。62a根据第三、四段的首句，可以推断出阿尔卑斯山脉是在冰河世纪之前形成的，故选a项。63c由文章最后一段可知danube(多瑙河)是由阿尔卑斯山脉的冰雪融化形成的大河之一。 阅读理解sunday is more like monday than it used to be. places of business that used to keep daytime“ business hours” are now open late into the night. and on the internet, the hour of the day and the day of the week have become irrelevant(不相关的). a half century ago in the united states, most people experienced strong and precise dividing lines between days of rest and days of work，school time and summer time. today the boundaries still exist, but they seem not clear.the law in almost all states used to require stores to close on sunday; in most, it no longer does. it used to keep the schools open in all seasons except summer; in most, it still does. and whether the work week should strengthen its legal limits，or whether it should become more“ flexible”， is often debated. how should we, as a society，organize our time? should we go even further in relaxing the boundaries of time until we live in a world in which every minute is much like every other?these are not easy questions even to ask. part of the difficulty is that we rarely recognize the“law of time” even when we meet it face to face. we know as children that we have to attend school a certain number of hours, a certain number of days, a certain number of yearsbut unless we meet the truant officer(学监), we may well think that we should go to school due to social custom and parents demand rather than to the law. as adults we are familiar with“extra pay for overtime working，” but less familiar with the fact that what constitutes(构成) “overtime” is a matter of legal definition. when we turn the clock forward to start daylightsaving time, have we ever thought to ourselves：“ here is the law in action”？ as we shall see, there is a lot of law that has great influence on how we organize and use time: compulsory education law, overtime law, and daylightsaving lawas well as law about sunday closing, holidays, being late to work ，time zones, and so on. once we begin to look for it, we will have no trouble finding a law of time to examine and assess.【文章大意概括】文章通过开头句(sunday is more like monday than it used to be.和过去相比，现在星期天倒更像星期一。)表明了我们的生活由时间规律来支配。1by saying “sunday is more like monday that it used to be”，the writer means that_.a. work time is equal to rest timeb. many people have a day off on mondayc. it is hard for people to decide when to restd. the line between work time and rest time is unclear【详解剖析】推理判断题。第一段首句sunday is more like monday than it used to be.是提纲挈领式的句子，后面紧接着举例论证了这一观点尤其是根据第一段最后一句可知我们上班时间和休息时间这两个界限的模糊性。从而推断本题选择d。【最佳选项】d2the author raises the questions in paragraph 2 to introduce the fact that people_.a. fail to make full use of their timeb. enjoy working overtime for extra payc. are unaware of the law of timed. welcome flexible working hours【详解剖析】推理判断题。第二段主要论述时间规律问题，比如过去要求所有的商场星期天关门休业；过去除了夏季外，要求所有的学校所有季节全部开放，在很大程度上，今天商场不是关门休息，而是继续营业，学校继续上课，从而说明了人们没有意识到时间的自然规律问题。因此答案选择c。【最佳选项】c3according to the passage, most children tend to believe that they go to school because they_.a. need to acquire knowledgeb. have to obey their parentsc. need to find companionsd. have to observe the law【详解剖析】事实细节题。根据第三段we know as children that we have to attend school a certain number of hours，a certain number of days，a certain number of yearsbut unless we meet the truant officer，we may well think we should go to school due to social custom and parents demand rather than the law.这句信息句分析得知，这里大部分的孩子认为他们必须上学的原因应该是服从父母而非遵守法律。故选择b。【最佳选项】b4what is the main idea of the passage?a. our life is governed by the law of time.b. how to organize time is not worth debating.c. new ways of using time change our society.d. our time schedule is decided by social customs.【详解剖析】主旨大意题。从头到尾，文章论述的是时间掌控我们的生活。最后一句就是点睛之笔。【最佳选项】a*结束第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。a(2012河南洛阳统考)in the usa，driving laws differ somewhat from state to state and considerably from what you are used to.here is a list of some important differences.speed limitsspeed limits are designated in miles per hour(mph)，not kilometers.one mile equals 1.6093 kilometers.within cities the speed limit is usually 25 mph.major streets with two or more lines may post a higher limit of 35 mph，but you should assume a 25 mph limit unless you see a sign with a higher limit.highways have a speed limit of 55 mph，with some interstate highways posting a higher limit of 65 mph.fines for speeding are heavy and can result in higher insurance fees and license suspension(扣留)driving on the rightunlike the uk，some countries in asia，in australia，and in the united states cars drive on the right side of the road，and steering wheels(方向盘) are located on the left side of the car.even if you dont drive a car，you need to be aware of this rule.every year a few international students are hit by cars because they step off the roadsides into the path of oncoming traffic.on most streets cars will be coming from your left，not your right.insurancemost states require you to maintain certain minimum levels of insurance on your car in case you are involved in an accident.the insurance covers your liability(责任) for damage to other cars and injuries caused to all the people involved in the accident.we strongly recommend getting insurance that covers more than the legal minimum.you can also get collision(碰撞) insurance to cover the cost of fixing your car and theft insurance in case the car is stolen，but this is only worthwhile for a new car or a model of recent years.if you dont have car insurance，you wont be able to register the car.56when driving in an american city，youd better limit your speed within about _.a25 mph b35 mph c55 mph d65 mph57if you drive beyond the speed limits，youll _.abe sent into prison bget no car insurancechave to pay much money dbe taken to the police station58we learn from the passage that international students in america _.aalways drive cars on the left bcan hardly afford to have their own carscknow about the rules clearly dshould pay more attention to the rules59which car insurance should you get in order to save your money to repair your car?aliability insurance. btheft insurance.ccollision insurance. dinjury insurance.56a根据“speed limits”中第三、四句的内容可知当你开车行驶在美国的城市里时，最好将车速限制在每小时25英里左右。57c根据“speed limits”中最后一句的内容可知如果超速行驶，驾车者须付很重的罚金，保险费用更高，且驾照也会被扣留。58d根据“driving on the right”中第二段第二句可推知在美国的外国留学生应该多注意交通规则。59c根据“insurance”中的“you can also get collision(碰撞) insurance to cover the cost of fixing your car.”可知，如果你想省下修车的钱，可以办理“碰撞险”。*结束 (2012南京学情调查)there is a boy called bill in my gym class who has unbearable yellow teeth that almost make everyone feel unpleasant.recently another boy told bill that he should have his teeth scaled(刮除牙石)bill was crushed.if the other boy had been thinking，he would have realized that there is a better way to handle such a situation.he could have dealt with it with tact(得体)he could have showed this hurtful truth in a more careful，sensitive waythats tact.if a person isnt sensitive to anothers feelings，there is no way he or she can be tactful.yesterday，my 5yearold brother proudly announced that he had cleaned the screen of our television set.unfortunately，he used furniture polish，which produced an oily film on the television screen.my mother smiled and thanked him for his efforts and then showed how to clean the screen properly.her sensitivity enables my brother to keep his selfrespect.yet，sensitivity alone does not make tact.“tactfulness” also requires “truthfulness”doctors，for example，must be truthful.if a patient has just been disabled in an accident，a tactful doctor will tell the truth but express it with sensitivity.the doctor may try to give the patient hope by telling him curing techniques under study or about advanced equipment now available.doctors must use tact with patients relatives as well.instead of bluntly saying，“your husband is disabled，” a doctor might say，“im sorry，but your husband has lost feeling in his legs and.”tact should not be confused with trickery.trickery occurs when a nurse is about to give a patient an injection(注射) and says，“this wont hurt a bit.”instead of trickery，the nurse might guarantee the patient that the discomfort of the injection is a small thing compared to the benefits of it.it would also be thoughtful for the nurse to tell the patient about some of these benefits.tact is a wonderful skill to have，and tactful people are usually admired and respected.without tact our society would become an intolerable place to live in.64the underlined word “crushed” in the first paragraph probably means _.asurprised bcheated cregretful dupset65according to the author，his mother was _ to his brother.asensitive and tactful bsensitive but not tactful enoughctruthful but not tactful enough dsensitive but tricky66which of the following is true according to the passage?atrickery often occurs in hospital. btactfulness means truthfulness.cwe should be tactful in our society. dnurses are not honest to patients.64d第一段主要讲述当另一个男孩让比尔刮除牙石时，比尔对他这种直白的话语感到不高兴。第一段最后一句“he could have showed this hurtful truth.”也是答案提示，故选d项。65a作者的妈妈先感谢了作者的弟弟，然后教他清洗电视屏幕的正确方法，既保住了他的自尊，又让他认识到了自己的错误之处，所以是“同情理解的”和“机智的”故a项正确。66c从最后一段最后一句“without tact our society would become an intolerable place to live in.”可知答案。*结束 (2012银川一中第四次考试)the common cold is the worlds most widespread illness，which is a plague that man receives.the most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold.they are not.they are caused by viruses passing on from person to person.you catch a cold by coming into contact，directly or indirectly，with someone who already has one.if cold causes colds，it would be reasonable to expect the eskimos to suffer from them forever.but they do not.and in isolated arctic regions，explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.during the first world war，soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches，cold and wet，seldom caught colds.in the second world war，prisoners at auschwitz concentration camp，naked and starved，were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.at the common cold research unit in england，volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time.after taking hot baths，they put on bathing suits，allowed themselves to be with cold water，and then stood about dripping wet in a room.some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion.not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.if then，cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds，why are they more frequent in winter？despite the hardest research，no one has yet found out the answer.on