湖北省黄冈市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练（50）.doc

湖北黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮精练（50）【2016高考训练题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。 as with every other invasive（入侵的）species, introducing worms to an ecosystem（生态系统）that developed without them has an effect on everything that lives there. this concern is very clear in the great lakes region. non native earthworms（蚯蚓）have been in north america for a couple hundred years, brought over from europe with soils and plants. more recently, asian species, sold as fishing bait（饵料）, have started to spread in the great lakes region, where there are no native earthworms.in these earthworm-free forests, when leaves fall onto the forest floor and plants and animals die, they build up into whats called the duff（腐殖质）layer. in this area, it was just bacteria that broke down the organic material for plants to consume and take up. earthworms come in, they do their job and do it extremely well they take that forest floor and turn it into the rich black soil you find in your garden.that sounds great-but the local plants and animals in the great lakes region are used to living with the duff layer, not in the rich soil associated with earthworms. in addition, the rich top soil left by earthworms can wash out in a heavy rain. the differently produced soil is a problem as well. theres a mat of fine roots in that duff layer-thats where a lot of our native plants put their root system. when that duff is gone, its a lot harder for them to put their roots into the mineral（矿物质的）soil. 1. what is the authors attitude towards the work of invasive earthworms ?a. supportive. b. worried. c. doubtful. d. respectful.2. how does the asian species affect the ecosystem of the great lakes region? a. by changing the soil. b. by killing the native species. c. by eating the native plants. d. by serving as fishing bait.3. what does the last paragraph mainly talk about _. a. asian earthworms work is helpful to the roots of the native plants. b. the native plants have finally adapted to the rich black soil. c. the asian earthworms caused great problems for the local plants. d. the local plants find it easy to put their roots into the mineral soil. 本文讲述了作为鱼饵被引入到美洲五大湖区的亚洲蚯蚓由于改变了当地的土壤环境，而影响当地植物的生长，破坏了生态环境。1. b.从开头作者就谈到把蚯蚓引到一个无蚯蚓生态区会对生活在那里的万物产生影响。第二段开头又提到。这种担心在五大湖区是显而易见的。因此作者字里行间流露出对亚洲蚯蚓带来的生态影响的担心。2. a.从第三段可知，在没有蚯蚓的森林中，落叶和动物尸体会堆积成腐殖层，它们是由细菌来分解成可供给植物来吸收的成分的。蚯蚓到来后，它们把地表的腐殖层(特点是:因为是落叶腐烂形成的，所以松软，植物容易扎根。)变成了肥沃的黑土，即第四段中所讲的the mineral soil(矿物质层)(特点是:因为被蚯蚓消化分解后的腐叶实质上已经变成了颗粒团状粪便，比腐殖质要有粘性，坚硬)，从第四段最后两句可知，而这使得习惯了在腐殖质土层植根的当地植物很难在矿物质土层中扎根，植物不能很好的生长了，自然会导致生态系统的破坏。3. c.最后一段从腐殖质土壤被改变，新形成的矿物质土壤易流失，和当地植物很难在矿物质土层中扎根等三个方面论述了亚洲蚯蚓对五大湖区生态的影响。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】 four schoolchildren from belgrade, england were out on their bikes on wednesday evening unexpectedly, they saw an elderly man grasping for breath （喘息） in the streetthey tried to call the police and ambulance service, but their phones were not working, due to network problems before the polish man became unconscious, the children kept him calm while they flagged down （招停）a passing driver the children used words they had picked up from their polish classmates to translate the injured mans answers to the drivers questionsgary, 10, and his six - year - old sister, lily, stayed with the man while thymus and owen, both 11, led the ambulance to the spot where he lay soon the man was taken to hospital the fantastic four children who came to the aid of the elderly man deserve the highest respect for their quick - thinking and courage in an emergency situation they are a credit not only to themselves, but to their families and their schooland it is great to be able to hear such a positive story about young people what is not so positive about this story is the fact that several adults apparently walked by without stopping to helpthis seeming indifference to an emergency situation is a well noted phenomenon which psychologists sometimes refer to as the bystander effectresearch suggests that when a group of people witness an emergency, people are likely to assume that somebody else will intervene and they feel that the burden of responsibility is lifted from their shoulders perhaps the answer to this sort of things is to introduce a good samaritan law this already exists in france and places a legal responsibility on people who witness an emergency situation to help out as long as they can do sothis certainly seems to remove any doubt about who bears the burden of responsibility for offering assistance-everyone 1what can we learn about the elderly man? ahe spoke polish with the children bhe fell from his bike and got injured che was taken to hospital by the driver dhe recovered consciousness in the street2in paragraph 3, the author mainly ashows his great sympathy for the man bgives high praise to the four children coffers his special thanks to the driver dexpresses his anger at several adults3the underlined word intervene in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to abe curious bgo on cgive up dget involved4in france, if an emergency happens to someone, aoffering help to him is required by law bpeople have the right to leave the scene cothers must get permission before helping him dthe witnesses will be punished if the rescue fails参考答案、abda 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】 a three-mile-long fishhook-shaped piece of land in the middle of chesapeake bay, tangier island has always been a community set apart from the mainland these days, the islands 500-plus residents, who mostly use golf cars as transportation on the villages narrow roads and who dont allow the public consumption of alcohol, have managed to preserve their traditional culture probably the most striking example of their heritage is the islanders unique way of speaking david lshores, a linguist （话言学家） who was born on tangier island, has found out the reason why the speech of tangier island strikes outsiders as strange according to shores, the islanders pronounce their vowels louder and longer, which causes common words to sound different when spoken by tangier natives some, scholars have said the natives of tangier speak an old form of english that goes back to the time of queen felizabeth ishores doesnt buy into that theory its not eliza- bethan english by any means, he says i doubt if anyone could trace it to that, because the variety of english at that time were great bruce gordy, a tangier native and a former teacher at the islands only school, has made a list of 350 strange expressions and words that he says are used and undertook only by the islandersbut gordy clones think its the strange vocabulary that puzzles outsiders most when hearing tangier residents speak i think what confuses them is the fact that we are talking backwards a lot, he sayshe offers an exampleif somebodys stupid, you know what i say? gordy says im saying hes smart, but the way i say it makes everyone know im emphasizing hes stupidboth gordy and shores believe tangiers isolation （孤立）has led to the islanders unusual way of speaking now, the economy of tangier island is moving away from its tradition of crabbing and fishing as the number of crabs and oysters in the bay declinesmore residents are finding work on tugboats（掩船）or looking for jobs on the mainland of course the sons and daughters went with their dad out crabbing you dont go with your dad on the tugboatthats not going to preserve tangier culture, gordy says1according to the text, tangier island ahas been discovered recently bis a fast developing x-pillage cis a land of golf lovers dhas a small population2in shores opinion, the language the islanders speak acant be called english in fact bis unique in its pronunciation system ccan never be understood by outsiders dshares some similarities with elizabethan english3whats gordys attitude towards the preservation of tangier culture? aconfident bsatisfiedcconcerned dangry参考答案13、dbc阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】for several years, americans have enjoyed tele-shoppingwatching tv and buying things by phone. now tele-shopping is starting in europe (欧洲). in a number of european countries, people can turn on their tvs and shop for clothes, jewelry, food, toys, and many other things. tele-shopping is becoming popular in sweden, for example. the biggest swedish company sells different kinds of things on tv in 15 european countries, and in one year it made 100 million. in france there are two tele-shopping channels, and the french spend about 20 million a year to buy things through these channels. in germany, until last year tele-shopping was only possible on one channel for 1 hour every day. then the government allowed(允许) more tele-shopping. other channels can open for tele-business, including(包括) the largest american tele-shopping company and a 24 hour tele-shopping company. german businessmen are hoping this new tele-shopping will help them sell more things. some people like tele-shopping because it allows them to do their shopping without leaving their homes. with all the problems of traffic in the cities, this is an important reason. but at the same time, other europeans do not like this new way of shopping. they call tele-shopping “junk (垃圾) on the air”. many europeans usually worry about the quality (质量) of the things for sale on tv. good quality is important to them, and they believe they cannot be sure about the quality of the things on tv. the need for high quality means that european tele-shopping companies will have to be different from the american companies. they will have to be more careful about the quality of the things they sell. they will also have to work harder to sell things that the buyers cannot touch or see in person.1. people like tele-shopping because it is _.a. american b. cheaper c. easier d. more popular2. some europeans dont like tele-shopping because they _a. dont like to buy things b. dont watch tvc. believe the things sold on tv are expensive d. think the things sold on tv are bad quality3. in germany, tele-shopping may _a. help businessmen get more moneyb. keep the shops open longerc. have fewer buyersd. bring better tv programmes4. the best title of this passage is _a. american tele-shopping b. tele-shopping companiesc. tele-shopping in europed. tele-shoppingjunk on the air 参考答案14、cdac 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】if youre tired of the mediterranean and dont want to head to disney again, perhaps its time for a summer holiday in space. russia has declared plans for its first floating hotel, 217 miles above earth, and it is something of an offering with good service. hosting just seven guests in a four cabins, the accommodation will boast huge windows with views back to earth and tasty microwave meals will be served instead of the ones often used by astronauts. just getting there will be an adventure in itselfit will take two days aboard a soyuz rocketand it wont exactly be a budget holiday: a five-day stay will cost you100, 000 to500, 000 for your journey. the hotel is due to open by 2016 and, according to those behind it, will be far more comfortable than the international space station (iss) used by astronauts and cosmonauts. in the weightlessness of space, visitors can choose to have beds that are either vertical(垂直的) or horizontal. tourists, who will be accompanied by experienced crew, will dine on food prepared on earth and sent up on the rocket, to be reheated in microwave ovens. many kinds of delicacies will be available. iced tea, mineral water and fruit juices will be available, but alcohol will be strictly prohibited. toilets will use flowing air instead of water to move waste through the system. waste water will be recycled. sergei kostenko, chief executive of orbital technologies which will construct the hotel, said: “our planned module inside will not remind you of the international space station. a hotel should be comfortable inside, and it will be possible to look at the earth. the hotel will be aimed at wealthy individuals and people working for private companies who want to do research in space.” the hotel can also be used as an emergency bolthole (避难处) for astronauts aboard the international space station if there is a crisis. 1.which can be the best title of the passage? a. russia declares the design for its first space hotel b. the first space hotel is under construction now c. the astronauts will have a second home in space d. russia has the advanced technology in exploring space 2. what does the underlined word “budget” in the 3rd paragraph mean? a. expensive b. worthwhile c. economic d. uncomfortable 3.what kind of accommodation will the guests have in the space hotel? a. they will have the same food as the astronauts have. b. many kinds of drinks are available including alcohol. c. guests can have beds that are either vertical or horizontal. d. tourists are accompanied by the astronauts from the iss. 4. which of the following statements is true according to the passage? a. the space hotel is built to remind you of the international space station. b. the hotel is constructed with big windows so that tourists can see the earth. c. the company, orbital technologies, has already begun to build the space hotel. d. in the near future, a space trip for most of the people can be realized. 参考答案14、accb 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】 i wish there would be a way to describe china in simple terms but thats impossible. for the most part chinese people are friendly, easy-going and optimistic. they are curious and unusually patient and they are also the hardest-working people i have ever met.in china, family is everything. in my english classes when the students were asked what they would do if they only had a few hours to live, most students told me how they would spend their last few hours with their families and parents. many times the subjects in the classes center on families and friends. i teach many students a year, talking to them freely.the cost of living here is very low compared with that of the us. the city of xiang fan i live in isnt large and i live better. non-imported(非出口的)