安徽省马鞍山市高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练（31）.doc

马鞍山市2014高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练（31）及答案 we experience different forms of the suns energy every day. we can see its light and feel its warmth. the sun is the major source of energy for our planet. it causes the evaporation (蒸发) of water from the oceans and lakes. sunlight also provides the energy used by green plants to make their own food. these green plants then provide food for all organisms (生物) on the earth.much of the energy that comes from the sun never reaches the earths surface. it is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the earths surface. the remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet, causes water to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather. only a tiny part, approximately 0.023%, is actually used by green plants to produce food.many gases found in the atmosphere actually reflect heat energy escaping from the earths surface back to the earth. these gases act like the glass of a greenhouse in that they allow energy from the sun to enter but prevent energy from leaving. they are therefore called greenhouse gases.when sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy is absorbed and some is reflected. the amount reflected depends on the surface. for example, youve probably noticed how bright snow is when sunlight falls on it. snow reflects most of the energy from the sun, so it contributes to the low temperatures of winter. dark-coloured surfaces, such as dark soil or forest, absorb more energy and help warm the surrounding air.64. according to the passage, the root cause for weather changes on the earth is _.a. the atmosphere surrounding the earthb. water from oceans and lakesc. energy from the sun d. greenhouse gases in the sky65. only a small part of the suns energy reaches the earths surface because most of it is_.a. absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphereb. reflected by the gases in the upper atmospherec. lost in the upper and lower atmosphered. used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes66. we learn from the passage that _.a. all living things on the earth depend on the sun for their foodb. a forest looks dark in winter because it absorbs solar energyc. only 0.023% of the energy from the sun is made use of on the earthd. greenhouse gases allow heat energy to escape from the earths surface参考答案64 cca *结束 when i was small and my grandmother died, i couldnt understand why i had no tears. but that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laugh turned into crying.so it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing come from the same part of the brain. just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering that so, too, does crying.whatever it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional (情感的) health, and crying seems to work well. one study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying.besides, tears attract help from other people. researchers agree that when we cry, people around us become kinder and friendly and they are more ready to provide support and comfort. tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we dont even know were very sad until we cry. we learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them.just as crying can be healthy, not cryingholding back tears of anger, pain or sufferingcan be bad for physical (身体的) health. studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. if you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. but when you feel like crying, dont fight it. its a natural and healthy emotional response.67. why didnt the author cry when her grandmother died?a. because her father did not want her to feel too sad.b. because she did not love her grandmother.c. because she was too shy to cry at that time.d. the author doesnt give the explanation.68. it can be inferred from the text that_.a. there are two ways to keep healthyb. crying does more good to health than laughingc. crying and laughing play the same rolesd. emotional health has a close relationship to physical health69. according to the author, which of the following statements is true?a. crying is the best way to get help from others.b. fighting back tears may cause some health problems.c. we will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.d. we must cry if we want to reduce pressure.70. what might be the most suitable title for the text?a. power of tears b. how to keep healthy c. why we cry d. a new scientific discovery参考答案67、ddba短语动词精练1. to our surprise the stranger _ to be an old friend of my mothers.a. turned outb. turned upc. set outd. set up2. all the girls swam in the lake except two, who _ halfway. a. gave offb. gave upc. gave awayd. gave out3. if the new arrangement doesnt _, well go back to the old one.a. work overb. work outc. work upd. work in4. “have great changes taken place in your village?” “yes, a new school was _in the village last year.”a. held upb. set upc. sent upd. brought up 5. i had to _ because someone else wanted to use the phone. a. give upb. put upc. hang upd. ring up6. elephants would _ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.a. die downb. die outc. die awayd. die off7. my study of biology has _ much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment. a. taken offb. taken downc. taken upd. taken away8. the plan _ just because people were unwilling to co-operate(合作).a. broke downb. pulled downc. turned downd. put down9. the government has _the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.a. asked forb. called forc. looked ford. paid for10. john has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to _ all his trousers to his measure.a. let outb. give awayc. bring ind. make up11. i can _ some noise while im studying, but i cant stand very loud noise.a. put up withb. get rid ofc. have effect ond. keep away from12. the mother often tells her son to be a good boy, warning him to _ trouble.a. hold back fromb. keep out ofc. break away fromd. get rid of13. to my surprise, the manager _ 30 dollars from my salary without any good reason.a. cut offb. held upc. brought downd. kept back14. steven has a lot of work to _ in the office since he has been away for quite a few days.a. take upb. make upc. work outd. carry out15. although jane agrees with me on most points, there was one on which she was unwilling to _.a. give outb. give inc. give awayd. give off 16. you should _ what your parents expect of you. a. live up tob. stand up toc. look up tod. run up to 17. i can hardly believe my eyes. what a poor composition you have _. there are so many wrong spellings in it. a. turned intob. turned offc. turned tod. turned in 18. “why dont we go for a picnic this weekend?” “good idea! i would _ the car and youll prepare the food.”a. look afterb. take care ofc. see aboutd get down to 19. how i wish that i could _my ideas in simple and wonderful english when chatting on the net.a. set outb. set offc. set overd. set up20. some kinds of animals can _ the colour of their surroundings.a. take onb. dress upc. put ond. get into【答案与解析】1. 选a。turn out 意为“结果是，原来是”等；turn up 意为“找到,发现，出现,开大音量”等；set out 意为“开始，出发，陈述”等；set up 意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创(纪录)，提出”等。2. 选b.give up 意为“放弃”；give out 意为“分发，发出(气味、热等)，发表，用尽，精疲力竭”；give away意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露，出卖”；give off 意为“发出(蒸汽、光等)，长出（枝、杈等）”。3. 选b。work out 在此表示“有预期结果”；work over 意为“调查，重做”；work up 意为“逐步建立，逐步发展”；work in 意为“配合，引进” (from )。4. 选b。set up 意为“建立”；hold up 意为“举起，支撑，继续下去，阻挡，拦截”；send up 意为“发出，射出，长出，使上升”；bring up 意为“教育，培养，提出”。5. 选c。give up 指“放弃”，put up 指“举起，架起，修建，张贴”等，hang up 指“挂断(电话)”，ring up 指“给某人打电话”。6. 选b。die away 指“(声音、风、光线等)渐息，渐弱”；die down 指“(慢慢)熄灭，平静下来”；die off 指“一个一个地死去”；die out 指“(家族、种族、习俗、观念等)灭绝，绝迹”。7. 选c。take up 意为“开始(学习或从事等)，继续，占去，接纳，提出”；take off意为“脱下，起飞，打折，请假”；take away 意为“取走”；take down 意为“写下，拆下”。8. 选a。break down意为“中止，毁掉，压倒，停顿，倒塌”；pull down 意为“摧毁，推翻，使降低，使身体变差”；turn down 意为“拒绝，关小音量，减弱，降低”；put down 意为“放下，拒绝，镇压，削减，记下”。9. 选b。call for 意为“要求，提倡”；ask for 意为“请求，索要”；look for 意为“寻找”；pay for 意为“为付钱”。10. 选a。let out 意为“放掉，泄露，放大，出租”；give away 意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露, 出卖，让步”；bring in 意为“生产， 挣得，介绍引进”；make up 意为“弥补，虚构，缝制，整理，和解，编辑，化妆”。11. 选a。put up with 意为“忍受，容忍”；get rid of 意为“摆脱，消除，去掉”；have effect on 意为“对有影响”；keep away from意为“远离，不接近”。12. 选b。hold back from 意为“向隐瞒”；keep