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八年级上册各单元知识点总结参与人员:09级11班、12班、JoJo HuUnit 11. have 拥有(主语是人),there be存在(一般用于句首)People will have robots in their homes in the future.There will be robots in peoples homes in the future.2. seem (to be)+表语It seems (that)+句子 似乎seem to do sth 似乎要做某事3. agree with sb 同意某人(的看法)disagree with sb 不同意某人(的看法)4. be fun to do sth 做某事很有趣5.probably = maybe 大概,或许6.fall in love with sth/sb 爱上某物/某人 fall in love with doing sth 爱上做某事7.build v. 建筑 building n.建筑物8. 区分be able to 和 can不同主语时态be able to can 只用于有生命的名词作主语的句子(包括robot)用于人或其他事物作主语的句子可用于多种时态前,前面可加除can以外所有情态动词只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态相同都没有进行时态,后接动词原形9. some/any/no/every +one/thing/body/where10.the same as 与相同A +动词+the same as B A和B有一样的11.fly rocket to sp 乘坐火箭去某地12. one of +the+形容词的最高级+名词的复数 最中的一个13. would like to do sth 喜欢做某事 would not like to do sth 不喜欢做某事14. so+形容词/副词 such+名词如 He runs so fast.He is such a tall man.15. wear 状态, put on 动作be in+颜色+(衣服) 意为“穿着颜色的衣服”be dressed in 穿衣16. be+动词的过去分词:被动语态17. the+形容词的比较级,the+形容词的比较级意为“越,越”18. the+独一无二的事物如 the moon,the sun,the earth19.actrally = in fact 事实上20.区分in ,after,laterin,after+时间 ,时间+laterin只能用来表示将来,after可用在过去时和将来时中表示将来:in+时间段, after+时间点 表示过去:after+时间段或点21.over and over again 反反复复的22.aloneadj. 只能做表语,意为,独自的。adv. 后置状语:意为,独自的 后置定语:意为,仅仅,只有 lonely表语:意为,寂寞的(adj.) 前置定语:意为,孤单的例句:She lives alone, but she doesnt feel lonely.23. whatwill be like 将会变得怎么样24. dream/wish/hope/prediction/ + come true实现梦想、愿望、预言等。come true 主语不能是人25. help sb with sth 在某事上帮助某人26. keep + n. + adj. 保持某物的某种状态27.might 和may,都是情态动词,表示大概,可能, might的可能性小于may28. un 否定前缀,unhappy, unpleasant, unlucky, unfriendly, uncomfortable,unhealthy等。29.have+already+动词过去分词表示过去完成时。30. sound ,指声音,voice指人口中发出的声音31. look more like 看起来更像32.ones +own 某人自己的33. maybe 副词,用在句首,翻译成“可能”,may be,用在句中,意为“可能是”。34. not anymore 不再35.go doing 去做某事36. kind of = a little = a bit = a little bit 一点,37.its +adj. +(for sb)+to do sth 做某事(对某人来说)太 it will be + adj.+(for sb) +to do sth 做某事(对某人来说)将会38.动词后+ed , 表示“样的”,描述人,动词后+ing,表示“令人样的”,描述事物。bored ,boringrelaxed, relaxingexcited, excitinginterested, interestingsurprised, surprising39. a lot ,a little ,a bit ,a little bit, much ,far, even 修饰形容词的比较级。40. v. open( 打开 ) ,close(关闭) adj. open(打开的,营业的),closed(关闭的,不营业的)41. predict/ believe/ think /hope/wish/say + 句子42.wake up 醒来43. at once = right now 现在 ,立刻,马上44. no= not any 不再45there be +sb+doing sth 有某人正在做某事46. work for sb 为某人而工作47. not just 不仅48. for the first time 作为第一次49. put away 放在一边50. in the sun 固定用法,意为“在阳光下”51in ten years = ten years from now 十年后52. do you think ,插入语,后用陈述语序。如: What will the weather be like? What do you think the weather will be like?53. hundreds of 数以百计的,许许多多的54. paper money 纸币 coin 硬币55. have a try 试一试56. simple =easy 简单的57.at last 最后58. get bored 变得无聊(指人内心感受)59.notat all 一点也不60. science和scientist 是同根词。61.science fiction movie 科幻电影62. take the place of 代替63 housework 与chore 是同义词,但是前者是不可数名词,后者是可数名词64 human 的复数形式是humans65 how soon 在将来的多少时间内(用于提问将来的时间)例句:Ill be back in 5 minutes.(对划线部分进行提问)How soon will you be back?66.本单元出现的生词 pocket n. 口袋 peace n. 和平planet n. 星球 sick adj. 生病的 improve v. 提高 Unit 21. should和could为情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,译为应该,后面直接跟动词原形。should 与could用于表示劝告,建议时可理解为“应该”。但是,could比should语气更委婉。2. 用于提出建议: you should/could why not why dont you how/what about doing3. a ticket to a ball game“一张球赛的票”,to表示所属关系,一般,表示所属关系用of,但有几个词要用to如:the key to the door 门的钥匙the answer to the question 问题的答案the way to the station 去车站的路4. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事5. argue with sb. =have an argument with sb. 与某人吵架argue with sb. about sth. 与某人关于某事吵架6. have an argument with sb. 与某人吵架have a fight with sb. 与某人打架7. write sb. sth.= write sth. to sb. 给某人写某物8. surprise sb. 使某人惊讶 in surprise 惊讶地To ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是surprised adj. 惊讶的 be surprised at sth. 对于某物感到惊讶be surprised to do sth. 对于做某事感到惊讶surprising adj. 令人惊讶的9. either用法 作代词,意为“两者中任意一个”,如:Either (of the books) is popular with the students.(两本书)随便哪一本都受到同学们的欢迎。 作副词,意为“也(不)”区分: too 用于肯定句末,also用于肯定句中,放于实意动词前,系动词后,either用于否定句中。10. enough作形容词时,通常置于名词前,作副词时,放在它修饰的形容词,副词,动词后面。11. for the first time 作为第一次12. 花费金钱:人+pay+钱+for+物人+spend+钱+on+物物+cost+人+钱 It takes+人+钱+to buy sth.过去式:pay-paid spend-spent cost cost taketook13.be happy that +句子 对于某事感到高兴14.aloud,loudly , loud 的区别:(1)loudly, loud一组,aloud一组:高声地(adv.) loud loudly(喧闹) aloud出声地aloud:出声地(声音能被听见) read , think 大声地(人的嘴发出的声音)call , shout ,cryloudly, loud:侧重于声音大,传得远 talk,speak, sing, laughloudly, loud的区别:loud更口语化,侧重于状态、给人的感觉; loudly与任何发出声响的动词连用(explode,knock,ring, insist, demand, explain),侧重于方式。 反义词:quietly(2) aloud,loud一组, loudly一组:aloud,loud用于动词之后,loudly既可用于动词之后,也可用于动词之前。(3)aloud,loudly 一组,loud一组: aloud,loudly是副词,loud既可是副词,又可是形容词。 loud有比较级,没有最高级; aloud没有比较级。15. one more意为“多一个”, many more 和much more 意为“多一些”,分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词。16.区分 look for , find , find out look for 意为“寻找”,强调动作,后面常接具体事物。find 意为“找到,发现”,强调找到的结果,是一种客观结果,后面接具体事物。 find out 意为“找出,查明”,指经过一番努力获得的结果,后接抽象的结果,事件。17. exceptexcept 意为“除之外”,是在整体中除去一部分,即后面的事物要从前面的内容中排除,后接名词或代词。except A 除了A besides A (包含A在内)除了A还有如 We all go to a movie except Tom.He is good at swimming and skating besides running.他除了擅长跑步,还擅长游泳和滑冰。18.else ,other 都是其他的,else常用于疑问代词或不定代词的后面,other用在名词前。19. take the place of 代替,取代20.give sb some advice (on ) sth 给某人一些关于的建议21.(肯定) both A and B A和 B都 (部分否定) either A or B A和B 其中一个(否定)neiher A nor B A 和 B都不22.the + 姓+ s 表示 一家人 the Greens 格林一家 夫妇 the Smiths 史密斯夫妇23.under too much pressure 承受太多压力24. comeplain about doing sth/sth 抱怨做某事25include 包含,包括如 Colors include red ,yellow ,blue and so on.颜色包括红,黄,蓝等。26. a mother of three 三个孩子的母亲27. start from a very young age 从非常小的年龄开始28. for oneself 为某人自己 by oneself 靠某人自己29.find it +adj. +for sb +to do sth 发现做某事30.compare A with B 把A 和B比较 compare A to B 把A 比喻成B31.pick up 捡起32. 通过考试: pass the exam 没有通过考试考不及格 :fail (in) the exam33. A borrow B from C A从B那里借来C B lend C to A B 把C借给 A34. .疑问词+to+动词原形作宾语,用在动词后I dont know what to do. 我不知道要做什么。I dont know here to go. 我不知道要去哪里。I dont know how to cook. 我不知道怎样做饭。I dont know why to come. 我不知道为什么要来。I dont know which to choose. 我不知道要选哪一个。I dont know who to support. 我不知道要支持谁。35. maybe 与may be:maybe 是副词,“ 或许,大概”,相当于perhaps。而 may be是情态动词加动词原形,“或许是,大概是”。36.notuntil 直到才 not A until B 直到B才AShe doesnt watch TV until she finishes her homework.37. asas possible= asas one can38. have a quick supper=have supper quickly39. Its time for sth.Its time to do sth.40.not all 不是所有(部分否定)41. after-school (adj.) 课外的after-school activities 课外活动42.stay up 熬夜 Dont stay up. Its bad for your health.43. sth. fit sb. 某物适合某人 This dress fits me.44. tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事ask sb. not to do sth. 要求某人不要做某事try not to do sth. 不要尝试做某事45. think about doing sth.考虑做某事think of 认为 think over 仔细思考46. keep out不让进入47. out of style不时髦的;过时的48. in style时髦的;流行的49. ask for要求 (ask sb. for sth.)50. the same as与相同51. call sb. up打电话给52. get on=get along相处;进展 get on well with sb与某人相处得好53. all kinds of各种;许多54. on the one hand (在)一方面, 55. on the other hand (在)另一方面, Unit 3 1. be busy with sth / be busy doing sth 忙于某事2. get out of sp. 从出来 若不强调地点时用get out反义词组为 come in / get into3. ong jump 跳远 high jump 跳高4. at around ten oclock 在大约10点钟5.可数名词:经历 an unusual experience 一个不寻常的经历不可数名词:经验 I have much experience.我有很多经验。6. land:动词:着陆 land on sp. The plane land on the airport.名词:陆地 on land I stand on land.7. on ones way to 在某人去的路上8. take off 起飞,反义词组: land onin 降落脱下,反义词组: put on 穿上9. hurt ones feeling 伤害某人的感情10. follow:follow sb. 跟随某人follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人做某事follower 跟随者(n.)following 接下来的(adj.)11.go after = follow 跟随12.shout at sb. 对某人吼叫(情绪强烈)shout to sb. 喊叫(距离远)13.in /on a tree 在树上(in指不是长于树上的,如cat,on 指树上本身有的,如apple)14.in front of 在的前面(指两个物体,一个在另一个前方)in the front of 在里面的前面(在同一空间内的前部分)15.happen to sb. 某人发生事情 What happened to you? happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事.16.playground:on the playground ; in the playground17.in silence 沉默地18.meaning ,mean: Whats the meaning of sth.? What does sth. mean? What do you mean by sth.?19.on the earth 在地球上 on earth 究竟20.hero 变复数时+es21. 过去进行时态:(指在过去某一时间点或时间段内主语正在做某事)在此种时态中常出现的时间性短语包括:at that/this time yesterday;句子结构:肯定句:主语 + was / were + V-ing + 否定句:主语 + was / were not + V-ing + 一般疑问句:Was / Were +主语 + V-ing + ?特殊疑问句:When / What /Who + was / were + 主语 + V-ing + ?22. when 引导的从句用一般过去时,while引导的从句用过去进行时23. 感叹句:(表示一种惊讶,赞叹,吃惊的感情色彩)句子结构:(1)How + adj/adv+ 主语 + 谓语(2)What +a/an +adj +可数名词单数+ 主语 + 谓语(3)What +adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+ 主语 + 谓语24.surprise是一个兼类词,它可以做动词,意思是使惊讶;也可以做名词,常构成短语To ones surprise,意为“使某人吃惊的是”它的形容词形式有两个,即surprised和surprising.其中surprised用来修饰人,surprising用来修饰物(也可记为修饰人用-ed,修饰物用-ing)25.双写尾字母+ing的动词有: swim , run , shop , shop , get , let , babysit , put , cut , kid , sit , hiccup , plan , begin .26.fall asleep 入睡27.on fire 失火的(adj.)28.有关look的短语: look through 浏览 look at 看 look up 查阅 look after 照顾look over 检查 look for 寻找look out 当心 look out(of) 向外看look the same 看起来一样 look like 看起来像29.think 的用法:过去式和过去分词是thought,现在分词是thinking. think of 想起,认为 think about 考虑 think over 反复思考(1)What do you think of the game show?(2)We must think about what to do next time?(3)Please think over before you decide to do it.30. here and there=everywhere31. (1) in hospital 生病住院,而in the hospital 表示在医院里。He was badly ill, he must be in hospital.She is a nurse. She works in the hospital.(2)at the doctors 在候诊 in the barbers=in the barber shop32. 固定短语: 金牌:gold medal 在20004奥运会上:at the 2004 Olympics 在现代美国历史上:in modern American history 听到:hear about 日常活动:everyday activities 在操场上:in the playground 要求我们停止:ask us to stop 沉默:in silence 发生:take place 在近段时间:in more recent times 在月球上行走:walk on the playground 绕地球飞行:fly around the earth33. one of the +adj的最高级+可数名词复数 表示最.之一。注意:“one of the +可数名词复数”做主语的时候,谓语用单数。如:(1)One of us was late.(2)She is one of the most popular teachers in our school.34.although不能与but连用 because不能与so连用35. hear about=hear of 听说、得知hear from 从某人处收到的来信hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事36.not all 并非所有(表示部分否定) none 没有(表示全部否定)37.asas 像一样 not as/so as 不如 中间省略部分应跟形容词或副词的原形。38.useful 有用的 invention 发明39. a+ useful / usual / universityan+ unusual40. beside 在附近41.take away 拿走 drive away 开走Unit 41.be mad at /with=be angry with sb生某人的气2.be mad on/about sb/sth=be crazy for sb/sth 为某人某事疯狂3.anymore再 not anymore不在4.message可数名词消息,说出的事情。Information不可数名词,搜集的信息。News新闻,不可数名词5.suppose thai+句子6.be supposed to do sth 被期望做某事7.in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院8.voiunteer名词 voiunteer to do sth志愿做某事9.make a decision to do sth决定做某事10.open ones eyes开眼界11.influence sb/sth 影响某人某事 be good infiuence好的影响12.in danger在危险中 out of danger脱离危险13.gei used to do sth=be used doing sth习惯做某事14Used to do sth(过去常做某事表现在不做)15.have a hard time with sth做某事很困难16.have a hard time in dong sth17.end of year exam=finai term18.return to someplace19.ageee with sbs decision同意某人的决定20.how+形容词+主语+谓语(感叹句)21shout at sb对某人吼叫22.give sb a good start给某人一个良好的开端23.work as作为什么而工作24.above sea level在海平面以上25.sound like to sb听起来对某人来说很有趣26.be about to do sth将要做某事27.its+形容词+of sb+to do sth修饰人Its+形容词+for sb+to do sth修饰物28.be in good health=be healthy29.be surmised to do sth做某事很惊讶30.in Cina rurai arel在中国农村地区31.after doing sth在做某事之后32.ill只做表语sick做表语和定语33.take care of=care for=look after34.ever用于否定句,疑问句和条件状语从句35.work动词hard副词 hard-working形容词,反义词lazy36.ture形容词turly副词truth名词37.have/has+过去分词 had been to过去完成时38.to ones surised令某人惊讶的是39look strange to sb看起来对某人来说很奇怪40.get a surised发现一个惊喜41.当直接引语为陈述句,变间接引语时,引导词是that,也可以省略,said to变为told,人称和时态发生变化。一般将来是变为过去将来是,现在完成时变为过去完成时。 当直接引语为一般疑问句时,变间接引语时,引导词if,语序由原来的疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。This变为that,一般现在时变为一般过去时。当直接引语为特殊疑问句,变间接引语时,引导词是疑问词,语序由原来的疑问句语序变为陈述句语序,一般现在时变为一般过去时。的当直接引语为祈使句,变间接引语时,只需用简单句就可以。常用句式为:tell b (not) to do sth. 42. Direct adj.直接的 indirect adj. 不直接的43. Pass on hope/message/the book/the torch44. Nervous=worried45. Lucky 形容词=unlucky形容词 Luckily 副词=unluckily副词 Fortunate形容词=unfortunate 形容词 Fortunately 副词=unfortunately 副词46. Disappointing 形容词,令人失望的 disappointed形容词 失望的47. Own形容词 Own 动词 拥有 owner 名词 拥有者48. Urban 城市的 urban area 城区49. Thin 稀薄的 thick 稠密的50. Senior high school 高中Junior high school 初中51. Hundred 百 Thousand 千 million 百万 billio 十亿Unit 5条件状语从句【主将if现】语法:If引导的是一个条件句,主句一般用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。if引导的条件状语从句,若主句是否定含义,我们常用“主语+wont+动词原形+其他”来表达;若从句是否定含义,我们常用“if+主语 +dont/doesnt+动词原形+其他”来表达。shall用于第一人称;will用于所有人称【注意】在与if条件句连用的主句中,我们一般用will表示将来时,而不用be going to。 一、单词 1. jeans pl2. (1)organize v. 组织 n.组织(2)organized adj. 有组织的 (3)organizer n.组织者3.take away拿走 bring to拿来4.clean-up have a clean5.flower n.花 v.开花6.around the world all over the world(在世界各地)7.mobile phone mobile可以移动的cell phone cell细胞8.against反对 for支持9.chance机会(c)机遇(u)10.tonight=this evening=this night11.perhaps、probably、maybe12.normal正常的 abnormal不正常的13.half v.减半,减半的 (过去式halved )(1)half a/an + n. (2)half + the+ n.复数14.bet(1)have a bet(2)make a bet(3)sb. bets+宾语从句15. careful粗心的、careless细心的 16.anyway总之,无论如何17.指示代词 (1)指示人this、that 、it 、these、 those、he、 she 、they (2)指示物this 、that、 it二、词组1.a good time to have the party (to,表目的)一个好的举行派对的时间2.a good place to have fun(to,表目的)3. make a living (by)doing sth. = do sth. for a living靠做某事谋生4.dream job理想的工作5.have a difficult time doing sth.做某事有困难6.in fact事实上7.have problem with在某方面有烦恼8.worry about sth.为某事担忧9.run away from从逃避10.be ready to do sth.时刻准备做某事11.keep doing sth.保持做某事12.remember to do sth.记得做某事13.in future = from now on in the future(在将来)14. shout at sb. 对某人喊叫shout to sb. 呼喊某人15.let you in 让你进来 let you out 让你出去16 11.a professional soccer player 一名职业足球运动员 12.get injured 受伤13.be famous for因而出名 be famous as作为而出名14.too much+不可数名词/too many+可数名词复数 太多的15.much too +形/副词 实在太16.so much +不可数名词 /so many +可数名词复数 如此多17.take away 拿走 (1) take+代词+away(2) take+away+名词 三、句子(祈使句)1.Dont do 2.Please do 3.You can/ cant do 4.You must/mustnt do 5.You should/shoulnt do 6.Youd better /not better do 7.Lets do 8.Why not do 9.Why dont you do10.You need / neednt do 11.How/What about doing 11.The worst thing is to do nothing不定式作主语(后面的动词要用三单形式)12.But I think talking to someone helps a lot.动名词作主语(后面的动词要用三单形式)13.he sometimes made careless mistakes himself.反身代词表示强调14.the most thing is to do nothing. nothing(不定式作主语)15.I think talking to someone helps a lot. (动名词作主语)16.The main thing is to know that if you look for help ,youll find it(不定式作表语) (宾语从句) . Unit 6语法现在完成进行时构成:have / has been +V-ing如果要表示一个从过去某个时间开始,一直持续到说话时还在进行,而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态应该用到现在完成时,它的构成是have/has been doing sth,常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:for five years。现在完成进行时通常和表示一段时间的for,since,how long等词连用。这时的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。例句:I have been learning English for eight years.I havent been learning English foe eight years.Have you been learning English for eight years?Yes,I have. No,I havent.现在完成进行时与一般过去式的区别:现在完成进行时示一个从过去某个时间开始,一直持续到说话时还在进行,而且还可能持续下去的动作或状态。一般过去式表示从过去开始,过去结束。词组1、for +(过去的)时间段since +(过去的)时间点 / (一般过去时的)句子2、be the first (one) to do sthbe the last (one) to do sth3、run out of、run out run out of为及物动词,常用人作主语;run out为不及物动词,常用物作主语。vt. sb run out of sth We will run out of water.vi. sth run out Money will run out. 4、a pair of + 名复 一双5、by the way 顺便说一句 in this way 以这种方式 in the wy 挡路in a way 从某种程度上来说on the / ones way 在路上 on the way(to)sp I am on the / my way to school. adv. I am on the / my way home.6、数词 + thousandthousands of7、the morethe more 越就越 在此结构中,两个the后面都必须接形容词或副词的比较级。8、one year and a half=one and a half years9、 more and more 越来越多的10、thousands of 数以千计的11、paper money 纸币12、finish doing sth 完成做某事13、no wonder 怪不得14、as time goes on 随着时间的推移15、so far 迄今为止16、find + it + 形容词 +to do sth17、in trouble 在困境中18、all the five years = the whole five years19、not onlybut also 不仅而且单词1、room :房间:He has three rooms.空间:(make room of)Three is not enough rooms for too many people.2、国家词汇汇总名词形容词名词形容词AustraliaAustralianJapanJapaneseRussianRussianEuropeEuropeanJewJewishAsiaAsianEnglandEnglishwestwesternChinaChineseeasteastern3、since : prep.+ 过去的时间点 Since two oclock. conj.+ 一般过去时的句子 I can speak since I was two years ago.4、 raise (1)筹集 raise the money.(2)举起 raise your hand.(3)饲养 raise a dog.(4)增加 raise salary5、several : adj. some pron . 几个 Several of us can go to the tennis.6、quite : n. quite young v. quite like quite a clever boy7、miss : 思念;想

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