【创新设计 简易通】（江苏专用）高考英语二轮复习 模拟训练3.doc

90模拟训练(3).单项填空1could we go and visit the summer palace?yes，_.this should be on our list of things to do in beijing.aa pleasurebit dependscdont mention itdby all means解析考查交际用语。by all means在句中意为”当然可以”。我们可以去参观颐和园吗？好的，当然可以，这应当是我们在北京要做的事情之一。答案d2the singer and_dancer is said to perform in our school on_may day.athe; 不填ba；不填c不填； thed不填； 不填解析考查冠词。据说那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家劳动节会来我校演出。注意，句中的be动词为is，主语应为单数意义，故用the singer and dancer，表一个人。may day前不用冠词。答案d3in those hard days, we could not leave behind_came to us for help.awhobwhomevercno matter whodwhoever解析考查名词性从句。whoever引导宾语从句作leave behind的宾语，并且其在宾语从句中作主语，指人。在那些艰苦的日子里，我们实在不能不帮助那些向我们求助的人。答案d4trade between china and the republic of korea has experienced tremendous growth，_$207.2 billion，a yearonyear jump of 32.6 percent.areachesbreachedcreachingdto reach解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用reaching，在句中作结果状语。a项为谓语动词不能选，b项的过去分词表被动和完成意义，不符合语意，d项的不定式作目的状语，也不符合语意。答案c5i_as a cashier for 10 straight years, but i never had a sense of achievement.is that why you set up your own business?aworkedbhave been workingcwould workdhave worked解析考查时态。根据答语可知，work as a cashier发生在过去，用一般过去时态。注意：不能受思维定势现在完成时与时间段连用的影响。答案a6tea or coffee?either.i have no strong_for drinks.apreferencebdesirectastedconcern解析考查名词辨析。have a preference for表示“对偏爱”。茶还是咖啡？哪个都行。我对饮料没有明显的偏好。答案a7i should have gone to the wonderful party with you yesterday._.if possible, i wish i would have another such chance.ayes, you shouldbtake it easycwhat a shameddont worry解析考查交际用语。从题干内容看，没有去参加聚会是一件令人遗憾的事。what a shame意为“多可惜，真遗憾”。答案c8the organization says almost threefourths of the young people_said they planned to have a summer job.ato questionbto be questionedcquestioneddquestioning解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，question与young people是逻辑上的动宾关系，question表示的动作也已完成，故用过去分词形式。该组织表示有四分之三的被调查的年轻人打算暑假期间打工。答案c9“russia wants to maintain its established diplomatic relations with libya and never interrupt them_which government was in power in libya，” the leader said.abecause ofbregardless ofcin need of din terms of解析考查介词短语辨析。regardless of不管，不顾。那位领导人说：“不管利比亚哪个政府掌权，俄罗斯愿意保持与其已建立的外交关系不中断。”答案b10in an economy _income per head used to rise by barely 1% a year, current growth rates feel like a miracle.awhenbwhosecthatdwhere解析考查定语从句。先行词为economy，它在定语从句中起状语的作用，表示“在经济体中”，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。在一个过去人均年收入增长只有l%的经济体中，当前的增长速度如同奇迹一般。答案d11_the american economy expanded at an annual rate of 2.5 percent in julyseptember, it faced a long road to recovery.asincebifcwhiledwhen解析考查状语从句。while用作连词，可引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，符合题意。答案c12although the increase in the present sum used for the research is_， a great breakthrough could still be achieved by the end of this year.acommonbsuddencenormousdmodest解析考查形容词辨析。modest不太大的。尽管目前用于研究的资金只是稍微有所增加，但今年年底我们仍可以有大的突破。答案d13everyone knows how_feels to get so angry that you want to throw things or even hurt others.athatbitchedyou解析考查it的用法。分析句子结构可知，本句中it作形式主语，后面的不定式为真正的主语。谁都知道生气想摔东西或想伤人是一种什么样的感觉。答案b14dont always turn to particular patterns time after time in our life.i agree. we would otherwise_our thinking by rules or common attitude.ainspectblimitcjudgedrecover解析考查动词辨析。limit ones thinking限制思维。在生活中别老是使用固定的模式。我同意。要不然我们会被规则或众人的想法所限制。答案b15since then the population of london_by almost 50,000 a yearan increase largely fuelled by immigration.ahas risenbhave risencrisesdrise解析考查时态和主谓一致。population(集合名词)应看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；句首的since then表明谓语动词应用现在完成时态。自那时起，伦敦的人口每年几乎增长50 000人，主要是由于移民的涌入。答案a.完形填空one cold afternoon a postman was slowly pushing his mail cart (邮车)_16_the hill that led out of the small town of lane.he was walking very_17_because there was a lot of ice on the_18_.he had only one more letter to deliver(传递), and this was for an old lady who lived at the_19_.everybody_20_her “grandma”she had lived alone_21_her daughter had_22_to hawaii many years before.she used to invite the postman_23_for coffee whenever he_24_her letter, and she would tell him about her two grandchildren in hawaii，whom she had_25_seen.however, she had lots of_26_of them, which she used to_27_him.just as the_28_came near her gate，a small boy came_29_down the hill.suddenly the boy slipped on the ice and fell.the postman stopped his mail cart and hurried_30_the street to help the boy.after a quick_31_，he saw that he had hurt his leg very badly.in fact, he was_32_that the boys leg had been broken. he knew that “grandma” did not have a_33_，so he stopped a_34_driver and asked him to_35_the boy to lance hospital.【语篇解读】一个寒冷的下午，一位邮递员推着邮车给山顶上的一个老人送信。当他快到老人家门口时，一个男孩跑下山来，摔倒了，他立即救起男孩。16a.downbupcalongdaround解析由下文的男孩跑下山可知老人住在山上，邮递员是往山上走。up意为“向上”。答案b17a.bravelybcarefully cfastdslowly 解析由于有冰雪，因而行走必须小心。答案b18a.cartbground cfielddroad 解析路面上有冰，所以邮递员走得很慢。 答案d19a.gatebbottom cenddtop解析at the top意为“在上面，在顶部”。答案d20a.namedbshouted ccalleddtalked 解析只有call可接复合宾语，即call sb sth。答案c21a.ever sincebjust as cever afterduntil 解析现在完成时的时间状语应由since引导。ever since意为“自从以来”。答案a22a.leftbcame cmoveddbeen解析从下文可知老人的两个外孙在夏威夷可以推测出她的女儿搬到夏威夷了。move意为“搬家”。答案c23a.inbthere cupdto解析到老人的家，老人当然是邀请邮递员进屋喝咖啡。invite sb in意为“邀请某人进来”。答案a24a.carriedbsent cwrotedbrought 解析邮递员给老人带来信。bring意为“带来”。答案d25a.alreadyboftencneverdhardly解析由于老人的女儿多年前搬到夏威夷了，老人的外孙在夏威夷，她肯定是从没见过。never意为“从来没有”。答案c26a.picturesbletters cnewsdthings解析老人没见过外孙们，但是她有他们的照片。picture意为“照片”。答案a27a.tellbshow cgivedsend 解析老人拿照片给邮递员看。show意为“给看”。 答案b28a.postmanblady cchildrendboy 解析从上下文可以看出是邮递员将要到老人门口。答案a29a.and ranbto run crandrunning解析running作came的伴随状语。答案d30a.inbon cacrossdinto解析他停下车，匆忙地穿过街道帮助这个男孩。across意为“穿过”。答案c31a.searchblookchurrydtest解析此处为“快速查看”。look“看一下”，符合句意。答案b32a.sadbangrycafraidddisappointed解析邮递员担心男孩的腿骨折了。答案c33a.driverbtv setctelephonedradio解析对比四个选项只有telephone符合语境。答案c34a.passingbcareful cgooddwalking 解析他拦住过路的车。passing意为“路过的”。答案a35a.sendbbring cgetdtake 解析邮递员让司机把男孩送到医院。take sb to some place意为“把某人带到某地”。 答案d.阅读理解asteven jobs was born on february 24,1955，in san francisco，california，and was adopted by paul and clara jobs.in 1961 the family moved to mountain view, california.at that time people started to refer to the area as “silicon valley”as a child, jobs preferred doing things by himself, not interested in team sports or other group activities.he enrolled in the hewlettpackard explorer club. there he saw his first computer at the age of twelve. he was very impressed, and knew right away that he wanted to work with computers.at that time almost all computers were so large that one could fill a room, and so costly that individuals could not afford to buy them.advances in electronics, however, meant that the parts of a computer were getting smaller and the power of the computer was increasing.by 1980 the personal computer era was well underway.apple was continually forced to improve its products to remain ahead, as more competitors entered the marketplace. apple introduced the apple ， but the new model suffered technical and marketing problems.it was removed from the market.early in 1983 jobs unveiled the lisa.it did not sell well，however, because it was more expensive than personal computers sold by competitors.apples biggest competitor was international business machines (ibm). by 1983 it was estimated that apple had lost half of its market share ( part of an industrys sales that a specific company has) to ibm.in 1984 apple introduced a revolutionary new model, the macintosh.the macintosh did not sell well to businesses，however.it lacked features other personal computers had, such as a corresponding high quality printer. the failure of the macintosh signaled the beginning of jobss downfall at apple.late in 1988 the next computer was introduced, aimed at the educational market.the product was very userfriendly，and had a fast processing speed, excellent graphics displays，and an outstanding sound system.despite the warm reception，however, the next machine never caught on. it was too costly, had a blackandwhite screen, and could not be linked to other computers or run common software.【语篇解读】苹果公司的创始人乔布斯之死引起了无数“果粉”的关注，有关乔布斯的传记频频出现于网络与报刊，本文介绍了他和早期的几种苹果产品。36when did steven jobs first get the chance to catch sight of a computer?ain 1955.bin 1961.cin 1967.din 1980.解析细节推断题。乔布斯出生于1955年，再根据第二段倒数第二句“there he saw his first computer at the age of twelve.”可以判断答案选c，即1955121967。答案c37which of the following statements is right?aall the computes used to be large enough to fill a room.bbefore 1980, apple was not successful in the field of personal computers.csteven jobs was born in silicon valley.dapple and ibm competed for sales of personal computers.解析细节理解题。根据第五段的内容可知，苹果在销售私人电脑过程中遇到了劲敌ibm公司，失去了一半的市场份额，故d项正确。其他选项与文章内容不符。答案d38according to the passage, the apple _.awas popular among the young peoplebturned out to be a failureccaused more competitors to come into the marketdcould be linked to a printer解析推理判断题。根据第四段后两句的“but the new model suffered technical and marketing problems.it was removed from the market.”可以推知，apple 没有取得成功，因为它遇到了技术和营销问题而退出市场。答案b39which of the following leads to jobss downfall at apple?athe apple .bthe macintosh cthe next.dthe lisa.解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“the failure of the macintosh signaled the beginning of jobss downfall at apple.”可知答案。macintosh的失败预示着乔布斯在苹果的地位下降的开始。答案b40one of the reasons why the next computer didnt become popular is that _.afew people could afford itbit was not fast enoughcit was not easy to usedit lacked super sound system解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句中的“it was too costly”可知，next没有火起来其中一个原因就是太贵了，几乎没有人能买得起。答案abmulch is a protective cover of material that is spread on top of soil.it is usually made out of organic material, like crop waste.farmers may keep the remains of maize or other crops on top of the soil.this creates mulch on the soil surface.the plant remains help protect the soil against wind and water damage.mulching is one of the best things people can do for their plants.it also helps keep the soil from getting dry, and reduces the need for watering plants.it also limits temperature changes in the soil.and it stops unwanted plants, or weeds，from growing.organic mulch improves the condition of soil.as the mulch breaks down, it provides material which keeps the soil from getting hard.this improves the growth of roots and increases the movement of water through the soil.it also improves the ability of the soil to hold water. organic mulch contains nutrients for plants.it also provides a good environment for earthworms and other helpful organisms in the soil.it is easy to find organic mulch materials.cutup leaves and small pieces of tree bark can be used.grass cuttings are also a good mulch for plants. mulch from newspapers works well in controlling weeds.the best time to add mulch depends on your goal.mulch provides a thick barrier between the soil and the air.this helps to reduce temperature changes in the soil. as a result，mulched soil will be cooler than other soil in the summer.in winter, the mulched soil may not freeze as deeply as other soil.the best time is after the ground has frozen, but before the coldest weather arrives.spreading mulch before the ground has frozen may attract small animals searching for a warm place to spend the winter.delaying the spreading should prevent this problem.the animals will probably find another place to live.【语篇解读】本文属于科普说明文，介绍覆盖物尤其是有机覆盖对土壤和植物等的积极作用。41the author tells us the following except_.awhat mulch is and its benefitsbthe best time to add mulchcwhat can be mulched on the soil surfacedthe bad effects of mulch解析细节理解题。一、二两段介绍了什么是覆盖物以及它的各种好处，如限制土壤温度变化，保持土壤湿润等，故a项正确；第三段讲了什么东西可成为覆盖物，如树叶等，故c项正确；最后一段讲了给土壤盖覆盖物的最佳时间，b项也正确。只有d项“覆盖物的不利影响”文中没有提到。答案d42the following can be used as organic materials to make mulch except_.atree barksbcutup leavescgrass cuttingsdplastic解析细节理解题。根据文章第一、三段可知，有机材料(organic materials)包括a、b、c三项。答案d43which of the following is the benefit of mulch?aprotecting the soil against wind and water damage.bkeeping the soil wet and reducing the need for watering plants.creducing temperature changes in the soil and stopping unwanted weeds growing.dall of the above.解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段信息可知a、b、c三项都是覆盖物的好处，故选d。答案d44the main idea of paragraph 2 is that organic mulch can_.aimprove the condition of soilbimprove the ability of the soil to hold watercprovide a good environment for earthwormsdimprove the growth of roots and increase the movement of water through the soil解析段落理解题。此段首句为中心句，b、c、d三项均为a项的支持信息。答案a45from the last paragraph, we know _.athe best time to add mulch is in spring and summerb. the best time to add mulch is after the coldest weather arrivescthe best time to add mulch depends on weatherdchoosing the best time to add mulch can avoid attracting small animals解析细节理解题。根据最后一段和全文可知a项说法不全面；根据“the best time is after the ground has frozen，but before the coldest weather arrives.”可知b错误；根据最后一段首句可知c错误；根据最后一段最后三句可知d正确。答案dctwothirds of the worlds major rivers have now been disrupted with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to store water and provide power.in the us，there are more than 85,000 dams，disrupting large and small rivers，and in most cases transforming natural flow.the most famous of these，the hoover dam，constructed in the 1930s，is mainly responsible for the fact that the colorado river no longer reaches the ocean.dams，besides all their attractive benefits，also have negative impacts.creating a reservoir means a large area must be flooded.communities may lose their land，houses and culturally important sites.environmentally，the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife，especially birds；however，it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water.also，the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with，resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs.fish that lay their eggs in the shallows，for example，may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry.downstream(在下游方向)of a dam，the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.many rivers run through national borders，which may cause conflict over precious water.disputes have been continuing between india and pakistan，and turkey，syria and iraq，for example.dams dont just block the flow of water.they also prevent fish migrations，and dams are a barrier to sediment(沉淀物)flows.instead of rushing downriver，sediments get backed up against the dam wall，which causes the reservoir level to increase over time.however，sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem.the fertility of the entire system can be influenced，with soils lost during seasonal rains not being replaced.perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas，which are sinking into the oceans.groundwater is being extracted to feed the city，causing the city to sink，and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced.the result is that sea level rises in cities from shanghai to alexandria.【语篇解读】本文主要讲的是人类在世界各地修建的大坝对环境造成的影响。46the hoover dam is mentioned in the passage in order to show_.adams play an important role in our lifebdams have impacted the flow of the riverscdams make people lose their land and housesddams have many benefits as well as side effects解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“and in most cases transforming natural flow.no longer reaches the ocean”可知，文章中提到胡佛大坝是为了说明大坝可以影响河的流向，故选b。答案b47what effects does creating a reservoir have on peoples life?apeople will see fewer birds on the sides of the rivers.bfarmers will have less water to irrigate their fields.cvisitors cant visit some cultural relics any more.dmore conflicts and wars over water will break out.emore kinds of fish will become extinct in future.aa，cbc，ecb，edb，c解析细节理解题。根据第二段末句和第四段首句可知，随着大坝的修建，蓄水淹没了一些文化遗迹，并且导致下游的农民无法灌溉农作物，故选d。答案d48with many dams built across the rivers，fish _.awill find more places to lay their eggsbwill face a dangerous habitatcwill be fed on more sediments rich in nutrientsdwill find it easier to deal with the rise of water解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water”可知，随着大坝的修建，蓄水会释放出温室气体，使水有毒，所以鱼的生活环境会变得危险，故选b。答案b49how can dams influence large cities like shanghai?atheir entire system will be influenced.bthe rainy season will last longer.cthey will lie below sea level in future.drich soils will be washed away.解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“which are sinking into the oceans”可知，未来有一天，上海将会被海水淹没，故选c。答案c50what does the passage mainly talk about?aenvironmental loss of dams.bcultural loss of dams.ceconomic gain of dams.denvironmental benefits of dams.解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是修建大坝对环境造成的影响，故选a。答案a.任务型阅读women are meant to be the experts at shopping, but new research reveals the whole experience leaves them stressed. the surprise findings show that not all women get comfort from shopping. in fact, in a supermarket environment, one third of females feel it a burden when they do