江西省信丰中学高考英语 名词从句讲练复习.doc

江西省信丰中学高考英语 名词从句讲练复习概念：起名词作用的从句叫名词从句。它和名词一样，在句中可充当主语，表语，宾语和同位语。名词从句包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。 名词从句的引导词通常有： 1. 连词 that, whether, if. 2. 连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, which 3. 连接副词when, where, how, why i. 主语从句 主语从句在从句中作主语，主语从句可以位于句首，但常见的主语从句多放在句末，句首则用形式主语it。 例如： 1. that the earth is round is true. = it is true that the earth is round. 2. whether he will come hasnt been decided. = it hasnt been decided whether he will come. 注意：连词that, whether在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用，不能省略。并且whether引导主语从句时不能用if代替。 3. who let out the news remained unknown. = it remained unknown who let out the news. 4. how this happened is still a question. 5. it is not clear when we will start. 6. why he didnt come here is not clear to anyone. = it is not clear to anyone why he didnt come here. 7. which is right isnt known to us. 注意：who, which, how, when, where, why在所引导的主语从句中可担任主语，宾语，状语，不能省略。可以用形式主语it引导。 8. what he said at the meeting is important. 9. whoever leaves the office should tell me. 10. whenever the olympic games will be held in beijing is not known yet. 注意：who, whom, which, what等可以和ever构成合成词，引导主语从句和宾语从句。此类主语从句不能用it引导，引导词在句中担任句子成分，不能省略。 另外，有的“it 主语从句”已成为固定结构。如： a. it is +名词从句 it is a pity that we cant go. b. it is 形容词从句 it is clear that tom has returned. c. it is 过去分词从句 it is said / reported / believed / known ii. 表语从句 在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句。 thats what we should do. thats why i want to see you. the reason for my absence was that i was ill. 1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句： my suggestion is that we should go shopping. it seems that it is going to rain. 2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。 it looks as if its going to rain. it was because i got up late. 3. 在非正式文体中，引导表语从句的that可以省略。如： the trouble is （that）he is ill. 注意：在表语从句中，当reason作主语时，引导词只能用that，不能用because，如：他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。 the reason why he was late was that he didnt catch the early bus. iii. 宾语从句 在复合句中用作宾语的从句是宾语从句 1. 作动词宾语 i dont know what i was thinking of. i wonder if i might give you a necklace. i expect （that）i shall be back on sunday. 在口语中，that引导宾语从句时常常省略。但两个that从句并列时后边的that一般不省略。 若有补语，则宾语从句要放到补语之后，在宾补前用形式宾语it. he doesnt want it to be known that he is going away. i consider it necessary that he should do it again. 在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后，宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。如： i dont think he will see you. i dont believe he will go. we dont expect he is coming. i dont think he can do it, can he? 注：此种用法主句的主语必须是第一人称i或we. 而且它的反意疑问句的助动词由从句的助动词来定。 i dont think he can do it, can he? i dont think you are right, are you? 在suggest, insist, demand, order, require 等表示建议，命令，要求的动词后，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。如： i insisted that he （should）do it at once. she suggested that the work （should）be finished at once. 2. 作介词宾语 the teacher is satisfied with what i said. 3. 作afraid, glad, certain, sure等形容词的宾语。 im afraid that i will be late. im glad that you passed the exam. iv. 同位语从句 如果担任同位语的是个句子，则这个句子是同位语从句。同位语从句表示先行名词的具体内容，能跟同位语从句的名词常见的有news, idea, belief, doubt, fact, rumour, question, order, hope, thought, reply, problem, reason等。 引导同位语从句常用连词that，它在句中不担任句子成分，没有词意。除that外，还有whether, when, where, who, what, which, why, how等。可以引导同位语从句。 the rumour that there will be an earthquake soon spread all over the area. they have no hope that he will recover. i have no idea where they have gone. 同位语从句与先行名词有时也可以分开。 suddenly the thought came to me that he could go blind. （3）同位语从句与先行名词是等同关系，一个具体，一个抽象，两者常可以转述为主表关系，而定语从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰关系。比较： the news that our team won the game is true. （_） the news is that our team won the game. （_） the news that you have heard isnt true. （_） whether与if在名词从句中的用法 whether可以用于所有的名词从句中，if只用于宾语从句中，两者都不能省略。 1. 在引导宾语从句（动词宾语从句）时，whether和if可以互换，但如果出现or not则只能用whether. i dont know whether / if i can come. = i dont know whether i can come or not. 2. 介词的宾语从句只能用whether引导。 we worried about whether he was in good health or not. 3. 引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句时都用whether. the question is whether you can do it yourself. （_） whether they will win is all the same to me. （_） the question whether he should come himself or send another one hasnt been decided. （_） 4. 和动词不定式连接时，只能用whether. i havent decided whether to go there or not. 随堂练习 .用适当连词填空 1. _ you need is more practice. 2. _ we need more equipment is quite obvious. 3. i have no idea _ we want to go next. 4. the fact is _ we are behind the other groups. 5.that is _ we are firmly against. 6. that is _ the key lies. 7._ is troubling me is _ 8. i dont have much experience in this kind of work. 1. the teacher asked the students _ they had understood the text. 9. he told us all _ he knew. . choose the right word to the following sentences. 1. the news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. a. what b. that c. why d. when 2. nantong is no longer _ used to be ten years ago. a. how b. what c. that d. where 3. his suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. a. which b. that c. / d. it 4. the thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him. a. when b. which c. what d. that 5. tom is greatly different from _ he was when he was young. a. what b. how c. where d. that 6. he often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. a. whether b. if c. that d. when 7. father made a promise _ i passed the examination he would buy me a bike. a. that b. if c. whether d. that if 8. the question _ we need it has not yet been considered. a. if b. whether c. that d. which 9. ive come here to find someone, but im not sure _ is the one i want to find. a. whatever b. whoever c. who d. whom 10. _ breaks the law should be punished. a. anyone b. who c. whoever d. whatever 11. it was quite noisy there and i couldnt hear_. a. how he said b. that he said c. what he said d. anything which he said 12. can you tell me _ the railway station? a. how i can get to b. how can i get to c. where i can get to d. where can i get to . translate the following sentences into english. 1. 他姐姐是个歌星,这大家都知道. 2. 他在门口告诉我们的事真令人兴奋. 3. 她无论说什么都不能感动我们. 4. 下周日是否去野炊取决于那天是否天好. 5. 请告诉我你是怎么做这道难题的. 名词性从句专练、 1 she is a rich woman is known to all in the city. a. / b. that c. who d. because 2. my cousin asked me i could lend him the chinese novel. a. whether b. / c. that d. which 3. the difficulty lies in we have no money. a. that b. which c. the fact d. the fact that 4. the fact he was successful proves his ability. a. that b. what c. which d. why 5.“what are you doing here, joan?” robert asked. a. robert asked joan: what she is doing there. b. robert asked joan what she was doing there. c. robert asked her what was she doing there. d. robert asked joan she was doing what there. 6. is a fact that english is being accepted as an international language. a. there b. this c. that d. it 7.they have no idea at all . where has he gone b. which place he has gone c. where he has gone d. where did he go 8. the reason he has been such a success he never gives up. a. is because b. is what c. is that d. is 9. mathematics is the base of all other sciences. a. this is because b. this is that c. it is that d. because 10. china is becoming stronger and stronger. it is no longer . a. what it used to be b. what it was used to being c. what it used to being d. what it was used to be 11. the reason why he hasnt come is . a. because his mother is ill b. because of his mothers being ill c. that his mother is ill d. for his mother is ill 12. the man asked . a. what was going on there b. what it was going on there c. whats going on there d. what going on there 13. leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. a. anyone b. the person c. whoever d. who 14. it was possible, but not probable manager of the firm. a. he will be elected b. he must be elected c.that he would be elected d. that he must be elected 15.its uncertain the experiment is worth doing. a. if b. that c. whether d. how 16. i have will be yours sooner or later. no matter what b. no matter whatever c. whatever d. that 17.ill eat you give me. a. no matter what b. no matter whatever c. whatever d. what 18. i cant understand is he wants to change his mind. that; that b. which; what c. what; what d. what; why 19.i wonder how much . a. cost these shoes b. do these shoes cost c. these shoes cost d. are these shoes cost 20. i will accept the gift is none of your business. a. if b. whether c. what d. which 21.we could see the tower clearly from we were standing. where b. there c. which d. it 22. there is life on another planet is almost impossible. a. how b. that c. why d. whether 23.the demand the workers ask for higher wages seemed reasonable. a. what b. that c. which d. when 24. was a well-known fact. that their team was weak b. that their team being weak c. their team was weak d. if their team was weak 25.has it been announced the planes are to take off? a. when b. what c. where d. who 26.nobody knew . a. where he comes b. where he was from c. where he is from d. where does he come from 27.father asked . a. what was wrong with me b. whats wrong with me c. what wrong was with me d. what wrong is with me 28.the trouble is we are short of tools. a. what b. that c. how d. why that 29.it is possible he misunderstood _ i said. a. that; that b. what; what c. what; that d. that; what 30.the fact he is an orphan is well known. a. what b. that c. which d. / 31. i was free that evening. a. it happened to b. it happened that c. that happened d. it was happened that 32. in the newspaper that the japanese minister will arrive next monday. a. it says b. it is said c. it has said d. he is said 33.comrade wang is to give us a talk on he saw and heard in britain. a. what b. all what c. that d. which 34.the problem is will go. a. that b. that who c. who d. whoever 35. nothing to do with us. a. what he did is b. what he has done c. what did he do d. what he has done has 36.the reason is i missed the bus. a. that b. when c. why d. what 37.that is we were absent last time. a. that b. when c. why d. what 38. is announced, all the schools will reopen soon. a. it b. that c. as d. when 39. is announced that all the schools will reopen soon. a. it b. that