外文原文.pdf

Treatingandthem odern m ould m ake highspeedOne, sum m arizes1thepresentsituationthatthem ould m akes atpresentandtrendThem ould is im portant handicraft equipm ent , occupies decisive positioninindustriddepartm ents suchas consum er goods , electrical equipm ent electron, autom obile , aircraftfabrication. Them ould isim portant handicraft equipm ent , occupiesdecisivepositioninindustriddepartm ents suchas consum er goods , electrical equipm ent electron, autom obile , aircraftfabrication. Industrial product part roughprocess75%, thefinishm achining 50%andplasticpart90%will becom pleted from them ould. TheChinesem ould m arket dem and alreadyreachesscaleof500hundredm illion yuanat present. Theautom obile m ould , theannual growthratecoveringpieceofm ould especiallywill exceed20%;Alsoprom pt buildingm aterial m ould developm ent ,variousheterotypem aterial them ould , wall surfaceandfloorm ould becom e newm ould growthpoint , plasticdoors andwindows andplasticdrain-pipeincreasetoexceeding30byintheupcom ing several years%; Thehom e appliancem ould annual growthratewill exceed10%; TheITindustryyearincreases%speedequallyexceeding20, theneedtothem ould accountsfor20ofm ould m arketplace %.2004annualChinesem achine toolsim plem ents industryoutputvaluewill continuetoincrease. Ourcountrym ould fabricationm arket potential isenorm ous. Thebasisdatacounts, inrecent years, ourcountrym ould yeargrossoutput valuereaches3billionU.S. dollar, entranceexceeds1billionU. S. dollar, exceed100m illion U. S. dollaroutlet. Increasebyfrom 25%toincreaseto200550%of1995. Theexpert foretellsthatabroad:Asiaportionbeingoccupiedbyinm ould fabricationinthewholeworld, will from 25%toincreaseto200550%of1995.Chinesem ould industryhasbeenexpandingbyleapsandbounds, hasform ed eastChinaandtwobigSouthChinabases, andhas expandedgraduallyarrivingat other province. In2002(Shandong, Anhui , Sichuan) in1996, m ould m anufacturing industryoutput valueannualaveragegrowth14%, growsby25%in2003. In2003our countrym ould output valueis45billionRMB. Thegrossproduct placeoccupiestheworldthe3rd, exportsam ould increases33.5%com pared tolast year336,800,000U. S. dollar. But, contentslowourcountrytechnologym oulds alreadypileupinexcessofrequirem ent , verym ost support ofaccurate, com plicated topgradem ould im ports. Everyyeartheentrancem ould exceeds1billionU. S. dollar. Exceed100m illion U.S. dollaroutlet.Precisem ould accuracyrequiresthat 3m u m s , large-scalem oulds requirethat8000satisfiedkNagreewell withm odel forceinjectionm achine request in2; Them initype m ould needstherequest satisfyingthediam eter 1m m silent stocktube. At present, adopt quick-cuttingtoproduceam ould alreadybecom ing thegeneral trendthat them ould m akes, afewm oulds haveproducedam anufacturer inabroad, high-speedm achine tool largeareahassubstitutedtheelectricsparkm achine tool , quick-cuttinghasim proved them ould efficacygreatly. Machinetool enterpriseaim s atm ould m anufacturing enterprises, som e treatingcentres60%all aboveofthem achine toolproducinga factorysells treatingenterprise toa m ould. The m ould fabricationenterprisesubstitutingtheelectricsparkfinishm achining m ould graduallyinabroadhasadopt quick-cuttingalreadycom m only , quick-cuttinghasproducedam ould alreadybecom ing thegeneral trendthatthe m ould m akes gradually, has im proved the m ould efficacyandm ass greatly. Adoptquick-cuttingtoreplaceelectricsparkproducinga m ould , canget onthestickobviously,im proves m ould accuracy, lifetim e growing.2highspeedprocessesapplicationinm aking inthem ould2.1quick-cuttingm erit:1) cutter highrotationrate andthe m achine tool height enter be giventoandhighacceleration, im prove m etal excisionrategreatly;2)quick-cuttingdim inutions cutaforce;3) quick-cuttingheat m ajor part generateheat from thecuttingsentrainm ent , workpiecebeingshort;4)quick-cuttingcutdownvibration, im prove treatingm ass;2.2highspeedtreatingapplytothebeneficialresult thatthem ould processes1)fleetnessroughprocessandhalffinishm achining, im prove treatingefficiency;2) highspeedhigh-accuracyfinishm achining replaceonlyentiretheheight processing,indicatingm ass , form accuracyrise, 50%, cutsdownrepairam ill byhandthanEDMprocessesapotentiation;3) cutsthesurfaceprocessingfinal m olding stiffly, im prove surfacem ass , form accuracy,thetreating(not onlybeingthat surfaceharshnessislow, andthesurfaceradianceishigh), beingusedforcom plicated surfacehasm ore advantage;4)thesurfacelossthatEDMtreatingproduces, im prove m ould life-span20%;5)processesanelectroderapidlycom bining withtheCAD/CAMtechnology, especially, theform iscom plicated , thin-wallissim ilar toanelectrode.3adoptquick-cuttingtoprocessam ould needingtheproblem solvingIninthehom eland, sincetheaspect causesuchasfund, technology, thequick-cuttingapplyingproduceam ould beintheinitial stagestage. Returnthem achine tool , cutter, handicraftbacktoexistenceaswellassom e problem ofaspectneedstoproceedorderlyothersolve.Theshortcom ing isthat finishedcost ishigh, correct cutter sigm atism havecom parativelyhighdem and, cannothaveusedbigcutters, needtohavethecom plicated com puter program m ingtechnologytobeusedforsupport, equipm ent runningcostheight.Two, thehighspeedprocessingam oulds processesam achine toolMouldfinishm achining andhardcuttingtreatingrequire that the num erical controlhigh-speedm achine tool , form board, m odel put uptheprecisionprocessingneed, high-effectnum erical controlm achine tooletc.Them ould aim ing atproducesalotofm achine toolenterprise,som e treatingcentres60%all aboveofthem achine tool producingafactorysellsenterprisetoam ould.Thefixedassets having5billionyuanwithout exceptionintheupcom ing several yearsthrowsintom ould industry, 80%isthem achine tool buyingam ould processequipm ent , justsayingeveryyearhaving4billionyuanofRMBtobuyJinqieam ong them .At present averageourcountrynum erical controlm achine tool utilizationratioapproxim ately20%, thehigh-speedm achine tool utilizationratio35%. Also, m ould enterprisehastheunitsuitabletobuyahigh-speedm achine tool, com plies with600040000rm ps tohave.1high-speedm achine tooltechnologyparam eter dem andsProcesscentrechiefaxishigh-power, highrotationrate, satisfiedrudefinishm achining; Thefinishm achining m ould wantstoneedtoreach1500020000rm p likethecutter, them achinetoolwithm inor diam eter. Generally, thechiefaxisrotationratem achine tool under10000rpm cancarryoutroughprocessandhalffinishm achining , cannotreachthefinishm achining accuracy;Havenowaytoreach400theabovem /m in cuttingspeed.2fivescrollsofm achine toolsapplicationincreasesatrend1)treatingrouteisnim ble , thesurfaceform iscom plicated;2)treatingrangeisbig,thevarioustypem ould suitableprocesses;3)cutslife-spanofconditioneasytocutdowncutterwear, toraiseacutter,;3thesoftwaresbuyingCAD/CAMandhigh-speedm achine toolsassortOnthegroundsofthem achine tool, m ajor partcounting, havingseveralbillionsU. S. dollartobeusedtoenterport everyyear, theelectrom achining m achine toolandthehigh-speedm achinetoolneedtoim port.Three, quick-cuttingm ould cuttertechnologyQuick-cutting processesthe cutterneeding allocatingproperquick-cutting. Progressingprocessingcutter m aterials inhighspeedhas urgeddevelopm ent of highspeedtreating. Thecutter, knifeedgeheadquarterandhightenacitybasegatheringcrystal strengtheningtheceram icscutterbeingabletobeusedgivingconsiderationtohighhardnessexperienceandobservecarbidealloycoatingbecom ing possibility. Gather thecrystal cubenitridingboron(PCBN) bit, whosehardnessm ay am ount to35004500HV. Gathercrystal m iam ond (PCD)itshardnessbutam ountto600010000HV.Germ any SCS,JapanMitsubishi(m agical steel)andSum itom o ,SwitzerlandShanteweike, USAKennaareinrecent yearsswiftlylargewait forthefam ousabroadcuttercom pany tosuccessivelyhavedebutedtherespectivequick-cuttingcutter, not onlycutterhaving average structural steel of quick-cutting, the ceram ics cutter stillhaving direct quick-cuttingofenergyquenchinghardsteel iswaitingforaneffect tosurpassthehardcutter, especiallythecoatingcutterappearsall ofasudden, bringingintoplayinquenchinghalf finishm achining andfinishm achining of hardsteel. Newcutter m aterial andcuttertechnologyappearingalreadym ake thebottleneckproblem that highspeedhas processednolongerbeabletoappearonthecutter.But, expensiveentrancecutterpricealsoblocksquick-cuttingm ould keyfactor.Abovetocom e tosayingthecutterandthecutterholderaccelerationreach3gsthesort, thecutter circular runout needstobesm aller than0.015m m , but theknifelengthisunablegreaterthan4tim es cuttersdiam eter. TherealityaccordingtoSANDVIKcom pany hascounted, thecarbidealloyhasstoodonintheentiretyusingcarbonnitridingtitanium (TICN) coatingwhenm illing cutters(58HRC)carryout highspeedbright m etal chopping, roughprocesscutterlinearspeedhasbeen100m /m in about , whoselinear speedhasexceededbut 280m /m in whenfinishm achining andm icrostoning. Suchdem ands tocutterm aterial (includethehardness,tenacity, redhardnesskeeptheform (includerowofcrum bs function, surfaceaccuracy, dynam ic balancesexetc. (cuttingthefunction), thecutterunderhightem perature state)aswell ascutterlife-spanallhasveryhighly.Experienceaccordingtointhehom eland m ould highspeedfinishm achining, linear speedhasexceeded400800m /m in whenadopt theyoungdiam eter ball headm illing cuttertocarryout m ould finishm achining. Them achine tool choosingsufficient high-speedscutsm ould finishm achining stiffly.Delcam adopt 0.8m m diam eter cuttertoprocessthenarrowslot , rotationrate40000rpm ,0.1m m depth, feedspeed30m /m in.1choosesthecutter param eter , thecutterwaitsifshoulderingananterior angle. Thecutterrequiresthat theabilityprocessingrequest shockresistancetenacitym ore highly, requiringthatheatresistancepoundsthanaverageisstrong;2 adoptsvariousm ethod im proving cutterlife-span, reducescuttercost.3adopt thehighspeedhilt , HSKhilt , heat pressingapplyingthem ost beingat present topretendtogripacutter. Payattentiontoacutterpretendtogripoverall inthedayafertom orrowdynam ic balance;4current cutterenterprisehasalreadydonem any jobsinthefieldofthetechnologyresolvingthequick-cuttingcutter, servingfacingthecutterprocessingm ay helptosolvem uch problem ,thecutter has produceda m anufacturer becom ing them ain body, thereferencecutter hasproducedthetechnologyparam eter thatthem anufacturer provides.Four, im prove quick-cuttingm ould efficiencytechnology1cutterdiam eter andthelengthchoice2HSMandtheEDMchoice3doescuttingandthelubricatingcooling4feedschoice: Moveforwardgenerallygivingam ounts m illing cutter diam eters 10%,m ove forwardgivingawidthm illing cutter diam eter 40%. Accordingtom aterial, conditionchoosestheparam eter processinghandicraftrationallyHighspeedbright m etal cutsthem ass processingpart m aterial abroadfairlygood, m aterialqualitylevel is identical , thetreatingfunctioncom parison isstable; But, thecutter that thecom pany producesabroadisalsothat thestandardm akes anexperim ent withtheirm aterial; Thetreatingbeingrecom m ended byissuitabletotheir standardcom paratively liketheparam eter ,m aterial qualityhasthecertaindifferencewithdom estic part, thisdifferenceshowscom parativelyobviously, som e param eters canapply directly, but som e effect dispatchesright awaycom paratively duringtheperiodofhighspeedbright m etal chopsifusingtheircutter. But selectandusepart m aterial qualityinthehom eland likeenterprisehavingthecertainstandard, what beput intousepart m aterial, canusethepart m aterial qualitythat highspeedprocessesespecially,thegeneral m eeting islim ted insom e part m aterial rangeinner, that thisappliesthehighspeedprocessingtechnologytoushasalsoprovidedadvantageouscondition, hasbeenabletoapplytolesstreatingm aterial withinrange. Beingneedingtoem phasize that here, m ust choosethetreatingtechnological param eter optim izing out aset of capital suitableenterpriseonthesem aterial , isbroughtintocom pany standardand.Thetechnologyselectingandusingthedom estic cutter , seldom havingthebright m etalrecom m ending highspeedtochopparam etric , is necessarym aking anexperim ent, get thecom paratively satisfiedparam eter , produceam anufacturer hadbettertoselect andusethefixedcutter, cut downthenum ber oftim es testingthat , thestandardform ing aprocessingtechnology,suchcanim prove effectiveutilizationratioof equipm ent , lowersproductioncosts, canget thefairlygoodeconom ic effect.Five, quick-cuttingrouteprocessingacutterandprogram m ing1) flatsurfacefeedstheroutechoice2) 2)outlinesprocesstheroutechoice3) Keepcuttingloadingstable4) keepsrelativelystablem oving forwardgivingam ounts andfeedspeed5) keepsthegardencornerinflatsurfacecutting6) choosesthefinishm achining m argin rationallyProgram m ing dem and ofHSCfinishm achining toCAM:1)thebrightm etal avoidingacornertothefullcutsm otion;2) triesonesbest toavoidexternal feedof workpieceandenter next depthreturnknifem otion , direct from theoutline. Or adopt ahelical lineor beingsureenter slantingtom ovingforward;3)constanteachedgefeed,im prove thequality, prolongscutterlife-span;4)outlinetreatingarekeptwaitinginlevelsurface.Quick-cuttingCAMsoftware:Several years agowill have startedquick-cuttingprocessingprogram m ing technologyresearch, the Delcam com pany , has developedthe quick-cuttingautom ation program m ingsoftware m odule; Lately, the MasterCAMcom pany has alsodevelopedthe quick-cuttingautom ation program m ing softwarem odule; Youalsoareininthehom eland northnavigationdevelopingthequick-cuttingautom ation program m ing softwarem odule;Six, high-speedm achine toolnum erical controlsystem characteristic1) highspeeddataisprocessed2) cornerforecastsarehandled3) NURBSarenotjustifiedappearancestriprunincurvetreatingSeven, safequick-cuttingm ould problem1）Monitoringwearingacutterawayanddestroying;2）Intensitythatthebitlinks;3）Strict withthem achine tool andthecutterexam ination isveryim portant andbeforetheaveragem achine toolprocessingdiversity, safetyprotectsandstartsup.Eight, thereexistsproblem inourcountryat present inadopt highspeedtoprocessthem ouldtechnology1m achine tool:1) dom estic high-speedm achine tool overall functionstill has the gap, the functioncom ponent functiontobeabletonot satisfyarequest. Power androtationrateincludingtheelectricitychiefaxis, entrancem achine toolpriceishigh;2）Underthem achine tool highspeed, thedynam ic behaviourstudiesthefunctionbeingnotenoughtoaffectacom plete m achine asaresult,;3）Thefivescroll ofm achine tool isnotenoughm ature , entrancem achine tool priceisveryhigh;4)supportingtechnologyandequipm ent arefairlyincom plete2cutters:1)dom estic cutterisnot abletoadapt tothequick-cuttingapplication, highspeedcutsonlyentiretreatingespeciallystiffly. Entrancecutter priceishigh. Thecutter technologyistoaffectquick-cuttingprocessingakeyfactorofm ould.2) supportingtechnologies arenot enoughtoincludehilt , online dynam ic balanceincom plete setetc.3highspeedm oulds processthetechnologyandtheexperim ent1) Beshort of theaccum ulation applyingexperiencesincehighspeedprocessesthem ouldhistorycom paratively shortly,;2）Thecom parison studyingcom parison stops throwingintolack, setsupaproje