山西省高考英语二轮复习 十大介词常考词汇学案.doc

2014高考英语山西省二轮复习学案（十大介词常考词汇）（一）gogo up down上升下降 the prices keep going updown these days.go away 离开 he went away from home last year. go on 继续 lets go on with the reading.go on doing the reading.go ahead 用吧 -would you mind my smoking here? -no, go ahead.go after 追求 while many people go after fame,he goes after happiness.go by（时间）流逝 as time went by, he came to know the value of life.go in for 参加 -which sport do you go in for? -football.go off （枪支等）走火 the gun went off quickly.go through 经历 he has gone through a lot of hardships.go against 违背 anyone who goes against nature will be punished.go over 复习 lets go over what we have learnt so far.go with 与相配 he bought a new tie to go with his new suit.go +adj.done ：go badcrazyhungery food goes bad easily in summer.go without 在没有继续 life wont go without water.go back to 追溯到 the building goes back to 19th century.（二）comecome in 进来 come in,e up 出现 many problems came up at the meeting e out 出来，出版 when will his new book come out?come back 回来 he came back from shanghai yesterday. come about 发生 how did the accident come about?come across 偶遇 1. refer to your dictionary if you come across a new word.2. i came across an old friend of mine on the street e down 下来 come down quickly! it is dangerous!come off 脱落 a button has come off my e on 别担心，加油 eg. come on ,dont be so sad! everything will be e to oneself 苏醒 he came to himself two hours e true （梦想）实现 my dream has come true .come into power 掌权 he came into power last e up with 想出 he came up with a good idea.（ 三）taketake up 占据（时间、空间）；从事（事业、爱好）；拿起eg. 1. the table takes up too much room. 2.he took up gardening after he retired. 3.they took up their guns to fight for their freedom.take on 呈现；雇佣 eg. 1.our school has taken on a new look. 2.they took 20 more workers this year.take out 拿出 eg. please take out your book .take something for granted 认为理所当然eg. dont take everything your parents do for you for granted.take pains to do something 努力做某事eg. they took great pains to finish the work on time.take something into consideration 把.考虑在内eg. before you make the final decision, you must take everything into consideration.take measures to do something 采取措施做某事eg. measures have been taken to protect our environment. take after （在长相或性格上）像某人（常之父母）he took after his father not only in looks but also in character.takeas 把理解成 we took what he said as agreement.take advantage of 利用 eg.they take advantage of the new library to read more books.take interest in 对感兴趣 eg.he took great interest in acting.etake pride in 对感到骄傲eg. he took pride in his sons achievement.take place 发生 eg. great changes have taken place in our hometown.take in 吸收；理解；包括；欺骗eg. 1. eat more vegetables to take in more vitamins. 2.dont be taken in by his appearance. 3.the professors lecture took in many subjects. 4.i didnt take in what you said just now.take down 写下，记下 eg. they took down everything the teacher said.take off （飞机）起飞；（事业）腾飞eg.1. the plane takes off at 6 this afternoon. 2. after the film , his career began to take off.take a for b 错把a当成b eg. i took mary for her twin sister just now.take notice of 注意到 he took no notice of the warning.take over 接管eg. hongkong has been taken over by the chinese government.take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 they took turns to clean the room.(四)makemake up 弥补；化妆；组成；和好she made herself up before going to the party.you must make up for the lost time.fifty students make up our class.they soon made up after the quarrel.make out 看出,听出，辨认出eg. he didnt make out her voice over the phone.make sense 有道理，讲得通what you said just now didnt make any sense to me.can you make sense of what he said just now?make use of 利用 you should make better use of your free o 把制成 they finally made the wood into a new desk.make ones bed 整理床铺 she made her bed before leaving to work.make up ones mind to do something 下定决心做某事we have made up our mind to achieve our goal.make a living 谋生 the fishermen make a living by fishing .make ones fortune 发财eg.many people went south to make their fortune.make somebody do 让某人做某事 they made us sign our names here.make an.impression on somebody 对某人留下印象the first time i met him, he made a deep impression on me.make it 做成某事eg. he promised to make his dream come true, and he made it.make a decision to do something 决定做某事eg. a decision has been made to carry out the plan at once.make it a rule to do something 通常做某事eg. they make it a rule to get up early every morning.make oneself heardunderstood 让自己被听到|被理解eg. he raised his voice to make himself heard.(五) getget up 起床 eg. he used to get up early.get into athe habit of 养成习惯 eg.he has got into the habit of getting up early.get into trouble 陷入麻烦 he is said to have got into trouble.get something done 使某件事被做 eg. he got his watch repaired yesterday.get paidchangedburnt 得到付款|换衣服|烧伤1. he got burnt in the big fire. 2. she got changed quickly.get on well with somebody 与相处融洽get away from 离开eg.i wont be able to get away from the office before 7.get down to doing something 开始做某事eg. lets get down to reading now.get somebody to do something 让某人做某事eg. they got him to repair the machine quickly.get over 克服 he got over a lot of difficulties.get through 完成；接通电话；花光we have finally got through the work.could you please get me through to the manager.he has got through all the money he got.get onoff a bus 上|下公汽get in 收割 the farmers are busy getting in the crops.get sbsth doing 使某人|某物.起来 eg. they managed to get the car going.（六）havehave sb. do 让某人做某事eg. the boss had tom do the work by himself.have sth. done 使某事被做eg. 1. he had his hair cut yesterday. 2. he had his leg broken in the accident.wont have sb. doing 不容许某人做某事eg. we wont have you talking so loudly in class.have sth. to do 有事要做（主语就是动作的执行者）eg. i have a lot of homework to do.have sth. to be done 有事让别人做（主语不是动作的执行者）eg. he had several letters to be typed.have something to do with 与.有关eg. i have nothing to do with the case.have something in common 有共同之处eg. they have a lot in common with each other, so they become good friends.have a gotry 要试一试eg. i want to have a gotry.have a word with sb. 与聊天eg. i want to have a word with you.have words with sb. 与争吵eg.they had words with each other, but soon made up.（七）setset up 建立eg. they have set up a new branch office in shenzhen. set out 动身，出发 set out to do 着手做某事eg. when will you set out for shanghai next week?set off 出发；突然引起they set off for dalian yesterday.the question set off a heated discussion.be set in 以为背景eg. the story was set in the 19th century.set aside 忽视；拨出.备将来之用1. lets set aside our personal feelings first,and get down to work immediately.2.he sets aside a sum of money every week for future use.set about doing 开始做某事eg. they set about repairing the house.set fire to 放火烧 (set .on fire 使.着火)eg. who set fire to the house?| who set the house on fire?set free 释放eg. the slaves were set free at last.set the table 摆桌子eg. he help set the table and they were ready to have dinner.set a date for 为确定日期eg. a date has been set for the meeting.set sail for 起航前往eg.they decided to set sail for dalian the next day.set sb. a good example 为某人树立榜样eg. leifeng set a good example to us| leifei set us a good example.（八）breakbreak up （物理）碎裂；（关系）结束；驱散（人群）their relationship broke up after the quarrel.the police are trying to break up the crowd.the ship broke up on the rocks.break down（化学）分解；（车）抛锚；（计划）中途停止sugar breaks up easily in the stomach.our plans have broken up because of the money.the computer broke down suddenly.my car broke down halfway on the road.she broke down completely after hearing the news.break in 插话；突然闯入（in是副词，后不带宾语）dont break in while others are talking.he broke in suddenly and told us the exciting news.break into 突然闯入（into是介词，后带宾语）;突然开始（笑、哭）等when he reached home, he found his house broken into and many things stolen.the crowd broke into a laughter at his amusing story.break out （战争、洪水、大火、疫病等）突然爆发（不及物动词短语）a fire broke out in the building last night, causing 10 deaths and 12 injuries.he was 19 when the war broke out . break away from 摆脱，挣脱the thief is trying to break away from the police.he managed to break away from the bad habit.break through 突破;冲破（防线）scientists have broken through in their fight against cancer.the soldiers have succeeded in breaking through the enemys defense.break off 中途休息；折断（及物）she broke off in the middle of the sentence.she broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.break ones heart 使某人伤心eg. he went home, with his heart broken. break the law 违法eg. anyone who breaks the law will be punished.break ones wordpromise 违背某人的诺言eg. he has broken his word that he will buy me a present.break a world record 破一项世界纪录about 16 world records have been broken so far.have ones leg broken 腿折了unfortunately, he had his leg broken in the accident.(九) putput up 张贴；搭建；举起;忍受;留某人临时住宿they put up a notice on the wall.they put up a small tent on the coast.please put up your hand if you have a question to ask.i couldnt put up with him any longer.the old man put us up in the small village.put away 把收起来 eg. put those clothes away ,please.put off 推迟 eg. the meeting was put off because of the bad weather.put forward 提出（意见或建议）eg.the plan you put forward at the meeting is practical.put on 穿上；上演 he put on his coat and went out.when will the new play be put on?put down 放下;记下put down your hands and i will explain it to you.he put down everything the teacher said to him.put.in 把放进put through 完成；接通电话we managed to put the deal through. 我们设法做成了这笔交易。could you put me through to the manager?put aside 忽视；攒钱lets put aside the difference first, and join hands to solve the problem.he put aside some money for his sons education.（十）looklook at 看 he is looking at me.look up 向上看；尊敬；查找they looked up and saw a plane flying over.the students all look up to professor li, whose lessons are very interesting. look into 向里看；调查he looked into the room and saw nobody was in.the police will look into the case soon.look over 检查eg. we looked over the house again before we decided to rent it. look for 寻找 eg. whom are you looking for?look after 照看 eg. he is looking after his mother.look forward to 盼望 eg. the day we are looking forward to came at last.look down upon 瞧不起 eg. nobody wanted to be looked down upon. look on.as 把.看做 eg. she is looked on as the leading figure in this field.look around 四下看 eg. he looked around over his shoulder.look out for 当心，留意 you should look out for pickpockets on buses.do look out for spelling mistakes in your work.look through 浏览eg. she looked through her notes before the exam. 常用动词和介词搭配短语归类 (一) throughput through 完成；使接通电话they have put through a business deal.go through 经历；花光；浏览he has gone through a lot of hardships. get through 完成；花光he has gone throughgot through a lot of money.see through 看穿 i have seen through your trick.look through 浏览 he looked through the list of the actors.break through 突破 they are trying to break through in this field.(二)overcome over过来would you like to come over to my house and have dinner with me?go over 复习 we are going over our lessons before the exam.turn over 转身 he turned over and asked me a question.hand over 转交they have handed the thief over to the police.take over 接管hongkong has been taken over by the chinese government.get over 克服 we have got over all the difficulties ahead of us.think over 仔细考虑 please think it over before giving the answer. over 的其他相关题：1.the plane is flying over the city.2.lets talk about it over a cup of tea.3.he jumped over the fence and came to our yard.4.he kept silent over the matter in order not to lose his job.5.the great wall winds its way across deserts，over mountains，through valleys till at last it reaches the sea.(三)offput off 推迟 the sports meeting have to be put off because of the bad weather.take off 脱下；起飞；事业腾飞；扣下eg.he finally agreed to take 5 dollars off the price.be off 离开 he is off leaving tomorrow.see off 目送 i will see you off at the airport tomorrow.set off 出发；突然引起they will set off for shanghai tomorrow.break off 折断；中途休息lets break off and have a cup of e off 脱落 a button has come off my coat.switchturn off 关闭they switched off the lights and went to sleep.go off 断电；走火the electricity went off because of the power failure.off 的相关题：shanghai lies on the coast while taiwan is off the coast of the mainland.he is jumping off the rock to the sea.(四)in come in 进来 he cut in while we were talking.break in 闯入;插话 a thief broke in last night and i had my bag stolen.call sb. in 请某人来 he has called a doctor in.give in 屈服 he would rather die than give in.take in 摄入；欺骗；包括eat more vegetables to take in more vitamins.dont be taken in by him.the professors lecture took in many subjects. bring in 引进；带来.they brought in a lot of new machines ,which has brought in a lot of money.join sb. in doing 和某人一起would you like to join us in singing a song?be busy in doing 忙于be absorbed in 专心致志于he was so absorbed in his work that he didnt know what was going on outside.be occupied in 忙于he is now occupied in his own business.have difficulty in doing 在做上有困难if you have any difficulty in operating the machine, refer to the instructions.in 的其他短语：in a wordin briefin generalin conclusionin a nutshellin shortall in all 总之in all 总共 be caught in 被困住 be set in 以为背景 fallbe in love with 爱上in surprise 吃惊地 in silence 沉默地 end up in failure 以失败而告终 in the direction of 朝着方向 in case 以免，以防 in a way 从某种程度说 in other words 换句话说 lost in thought 陷入沉思 have sth. in common with 与有共同之处 in turn依次，轮流 in time 及时in return 作为回报 in the future 在将来 in future 今后 in favour of 支持in honour of 为了荣誉 in praise of 称赞 get in 收割（庄稼）take part in 参加 join in 加入（某一组织）succeed in doing 成功做某事 cut in 插话(五)ontake on 雇佣；呈现 the school has taken on a new look.put on 穿上；上演 they have put on a new performance.be on 在进行中 what is on？发生什么了？上演什么？pass on 传递 a teachers job is to pass on knowledge to the students.turn on 打开 turn on the radio ,please.hold on 别挂断；坚持 hold on to the good chance.work on 专心于 he is working on a new novel.insist on 坚持 he insisted on doing it himself.carry on 实施下去 if a plan is carried out ,it must be carried on. come on 过来；没关系 come on ,dear. dont be so sad. everything will be ok.feed on 以为食 cattle feed on grass.live on 以为生 people in the south live on rice.get on 上车 he got on the bus and left.on 的其他短: call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事call on sb. 顺便拜访某人be on strike在罢工depend on sb. 依赖某人fix ones eyes on 眼睛盯着agree on sth. 就达成一致 get on well with 与相处得好congratulate sb. on sth. 因为向某人祝贺 try on 试穿go on withdoing 继续做look on sb. as 把当做be situated on 位于 (六)outcome out 出来；出版 the sun came out from behind the clouds. his new book will come out soon.go out 出去； he went out of the room.take out 拿出 take out your book and lets have our lessons. put out （使火）熄灭 the fire was finally put out two hours later.bring out 拿出；出版 his new book will be brought out soon.hand out 分发 i will help you hand out the reference books.break out （战争、洪水、疾病）突然爆发 a fire broke out last night.carry out 实施 the plan was soon carried out in the school.make out 辨明 it is difficult to make out your voice over the phone.look out 当心，留意 look out! it is dangerous!burn out 烧尽 the house was burnt out in the fire. give out 分发；耗尽 my leg gave out after the walk.blow out 吹灭 the wind blew out the candles.be worn out 精疲力竭的 i was worn out after the long walk.cut out 裁剪（衣服） the dress was too large for her daughter, so she cut it out.turn out 出来，结果是 the audience turned out after the film was over. he turned out (to be )very successful.send out 释放出 the sun sends out light and heat.set out 动身；出发; they set out quickly .pick out 挑选 can you help me pick out the spelling mistakes?figure out 想明白，弄清楚 i couldnt figure out his intention.leave out 遗漏 you have left out a letter in the word.let out 发出；泄密 he let out a cry of help.| he let out a secret to me.out 的其他用法out of job 失业 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of order 杂乱无章 out of control 失去控制 out of ones reach 在某人够不到的地方out of ones understanding 超出某人的理解范围 out of trouble 摆脱麻烦out of prison 出狱 out of hospital 出院 out of date 过时 out of danger 摆脱危险 out of touch 失去联系 out of pity 出于同情 out of petrol 汽油没了 out of curiosity 出于好奇 (七)upget up 起床 the reason why he came late was that he got up late.pick up 捡起；顺便学会；让乘客上车；接收节目；买便宜货；身体恢复;加速he picked up a wallet from the ground.he picked up some english while in london on business.the bus stopped to pick up more passengers.the radio can pick up many english programmes.he picked up a second-hand bicycle in the market yesterday.her health began to pick up after the holiday.the train began to pick up after it left the station. go up （价格）上涨 the prices keep going up quickly.take u