上海高考阅读简答题练习_(含答案).doc

Exercise 1.Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment. The unpunctual man, on one hand, never does what he has to do at the proper time. He is always in a hurry and in the end loses both time and his good name. A lost thing may be found again, but lost time can never be regained. Time is more valuable than material things. In fact, time is life itself. The unpunctual man is for ever wasting and mismanaging his most valuable asset (财产) as well as others. The unpunctual person is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters, or return calls or keep appointments promptly. But the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful of his time and seldom complains of want of it. He knows that he can not get through his huge amount of work unless he faithfully keeps every piece of work when it has to be attended to. Failure to be punctual in keeping ones appointments is the sign of disrespect towards others. If a person is invited to dinner and arrives later than the appointed time, he keeps all the other guests waiting for him. Usually this will be regarded as a great disrespect to the host and all other guests present. Unpunctuality, moreover, is very harmful when it comes to do ones duty, whether public or private. Imagine how it would be if those who are put in charge of important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time. A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by his friends or fellow men. 1. If one is not punctual, that signifies that he shows no or little respect for other people.2. According to the passage, what is the main reason that a person is always unpunctual?The main reason is that he always mismanages and wastes his time3. When should you show up if invited to dinner? at the appointed time.4. Based on the passage, when you have something urgent to do and need some help, you should turn to those who are _ Punctual._ Exercise 2Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict,” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clothes-khaki pants and sports shirt-to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “Im working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.” More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States. The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday). This became known as “dress-down Friday” of “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing. ” said business consultant Maisly Jones.Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that its easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people dont want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so its hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale. Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.” 1. Why did David Smith refer to himself as “a clothes addict,”?he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time2. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because _.they make him feel at ease when working3. The majority of the employees said casual dress_.improves their morale4. According to this passage, what does it mean by a conservative dress code?It means that everyone should dress up for work. Exercise 3In the United States, friendships can be close, constant, intense, generous, and real, yet fade away in a short time if circumstances change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while - then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship where it left off and are delighted.In the States, you can feel free to visit peoples homes, share their holidays, enjoy their children and their lives without fear that you are taking on a lasting obligation. Do not hesitate to accept hospitality because you cannot give it in return. No one will expect you to do so for they know you are far from home. Americans will enjoy welcoming you and be pleased if you accept their hospitality easily.Once you arrive there, the welcome will be full and warm and real. Most visitors find themselves readily invited into many homes there. In some countries it is considered inhospitable to entertain at home, offering what is felt as merely home cooked food, not doing something for your guest. It is felt that restaurant entertaining shows more respect and welcome. Or for various other reasons, such as crowded space, language difficulties, or family custom, outsiders are not invited into homes.In the United States, both methods are used, but it is often considered more friendly to invite a person to ones home than to go to a public place, except in purely business relationships. So, if your host or hostess brings you home, do not feel that you are being shown inferior treatment.Dont feel neglected if you do not find flowers awaiting you in your hotel room either. Flowers are very expensive there, hotel delivery is uncertain, arrival times are delayed, changed, or canceled - so flowers are not customarily sent as a welcoming touch. Please do not feel unwanted! Outward signs vary in different lands; the inward welcome is what matters, and this will be real.1.In the United States, its unnecessary to decline hospitality because the hospitality_.cant be given in return2.What will the welcome to an American family be like ?Its full, warm and real.3.In the United States, inviting a guest to eat outside is considered _ at home. (to be ) less friendly4.Why arent flowers customarily sent to your hotel room ?Because flowers are very expensive.Exercise 4Solar energy for your home is coming. It can help you as a single home owner. It can help the whole country as well. Whether or not solar energy can save your money depends on many things. Where you live is one factor. The type of home you have is another. Things like insulation present energy coasts, and the type of system you buy are added factors. Using solar energy can help save our precious fuel. As you know, our supplies of oil and gas are very limited. There is just not enough on hand to meet all our future energy needs. And when Mother Nature says thats all. The only way we can delay hearing those words is by starting to save energy now and by using other sources, like the sun. We wont have to worry about the suns running out of energy for another several billion years or so. Besides begin an endless source of energy, the use of the sun has other advantages as well. The sun doesnt offer as many problems as other energy sources. For example, fossil fuel plants add to already high pollution levels. With solar energy, we will still need sources of energy, but we wont need as much. That means we can cut down on our pollution problems. With all these good points, why dont we use more solar power? There are many reasons for this. The biggest reason is money. Until now, it was just not practical for a home owner to put in a solar unit. There were cheaper sources of energy. All that is changing now. Solar coats are starting to equal the costs of oil and electricity. Experts say that gas, oil and electricity prices will continue to rise. The demand for electricity is increasing rapidly. But new power plants will use more gas, oil or coal. Already in some places the supply of electricity is being rationed. Solar energy is now in its infancy. It could soon grow to become a major part of our nations energy supply.1.What can solar energy help us to do ?It can help us save our precious fuel2.How long will the sun run for ?It will run for another several billion years3.We dont need so much energy if we solve our pollution problems4. Solar energy is now in its infancy, but it will be considered as an important part of our nations energy supplyExercise 5 Not everyone is born with beautiful hair, but by learning a few about hair care , you can make your hair look its best. Healthy, attractive hair should look smooth, silky and shiny. Hair that is dull, dry, brittle or frizzy is unhealthy and unattractive. Everyday events such as shampooing, brushing and blow drying can do great damage to your hair, causing the dry, brittle, frizzy appearance. When you shampoo your hair, you should use a shampoo for your specific type of hair. If you have color treated hair, you should use a shampoo for chemically treated hair. If you are not sure what your hair type is or what type of shampoo to use, ask your hairdresser. Your hairdresser can recommend a specific shampoo and conditioner to keep your hair healthy and shiny. Brushing your hair can actually help improve the shine. If you have long hair that tends to tangle on the ends, you should start brushing on the ends to remove any tangles, and work your way up to the scalp. You should never brush wet hair. When hair is wet，it is much weaker than when it is dry. Wet hair will break very easily if it is not combed very gently. If you have long hair, you should squeeze the extra water from your hair with a towel. Never rub your hair between the towel to dry it, this can cause severe breakage. Before combing, a leave-in conditioner should be sprayed on the hair to help restore shine and help remove tangles. Using a wide tooth comb, comb hair from the ends and work your way up. Blow dryers are very convenient and many of us use them daily. If they are used incorrectly, they can cause severe heat damage to your hair. Blow drying can cause your ends to be dry, brittle and frizzy. You should allow your hair to air dry until it is about half way dry. Set your blow dryer on low or medium heat, and keep the blow dryer about six to eight inches away from your hair. If you follow these healthy hair practices, you should notice an improvement in the condition of your hair within two to four weeks, depending on how damaged your hair is. While you are working to improve the condition of your hair, see your hairdresser or visit your local beauty supply store for more information on available products. 1.A healthy hair looks like_, _ and _.smooth silky shiny2. why should we never brush wet hair?Because it is much weaker than when it is dry. It breaks very easily.3. You turn to _ or_ for help if you arent sure which kind of shampoo is suitable for your hair.your hairdresser visit your local beauty supply store4. What mentioned above can damage our hair?Everyday events such as shampooing, brushing and blow drying can do great damage to your hair.Exercise 6 A 69-year-old grandmother with no teeth of her own has eventually won a long legal battle to stop a Scottish regional council（政务委员会）adding fluoride（氟化物）chemical to the public water supply.In a case which has already cost the taxpayer 1,000,000, the judge ruled that it was beyond the powers of the local authority to add the chemical to the water in order to reduce tooth decay. At her home last night Mrs Catherine said fluoride to public drinking water made it into some kind of dirty soup. “Where would it stop?” she asked. “They might come up with the idea of putting drugs into the water to keep the unemployed quiet.” It was a horrible poison, she said, that could have caused al kinds of diseases, including cancer.The judge, however, concluded that there was no evidence to suggest that the inclusion of fluoride in the water supply would have had a negative effect on pulpier health. Although the chemical might serve as an efficient and convenient means of achieving a beneficial effect on the dental health of consumers generally, he said, and its use was greatly favored by the dental profession, he could also understand why some members of the public, Mrs Catherin ,in particular, might be passionately opposed to the action of the Water Authority in assuming the right to improve public well-being without consulting the public in the first case. The Authoritys legal duty to provide “wholesome” water for public consumption which was both safe and pleasant to drink ,did not, he said, extend to their right to safeguard public health by chemical means.1. The local authority add the chemical to the water for the purpose of _.reducing tooth decay.2. By saying “They might come up with the idea of putting drugs into the water to keep the unemployed quiet”, Mrs Catherine showed her _ towards the local authority.anger and dissatisfaction3. According to what the judge said in the passage, adding fluoride to the water .wasnt proved to be harmful4. A 69-year-old grandmother with no teeth of her own stopped a Scottish regional council adding fluoride chemical to the public water supply by _.taking the local council to courtExercise 7 Bill Gates and the president of General Motors have met for lunch, and Bill is going on and on about computer technology. “If automotive technology had kept pace with computer technology over the past few decades, you would now be driving a V-32 instead of a B-8, and it would have a top speed of 10,000 miles per hour,” says Bill. “Or, you could have an economy car that weighs 30 pounds and gets a thousand miles on a gallon of gas. In either case, the sticker price of a new car would be less than $50. Why havent you guys kept up?”The president of GM smiles and says, “Because the federal government wont let us build cars that crash four times a day.”Why is that funny (or not funny, as the case may be)? Human beings love to laugh, and the average adult laughs 17times a day. Humans love to laugh so much that there are actually industries built around laughter. Jokes, sitcoms and comedies are all designed to get us laughing, because laughing fells good. For us it seems so natural, but the funny thing is that humans are one of the only species that laughs. Laughter is actually a complex response that involves many of the same skills used in solving problems.Laughter is a great thing. Thats why weve all heard of the saying, “Laughter is the best medicine.” There is strong evidence that laughter can actually improve health and help fight disease. In this article, well look at laughter-what it is, what happens in our brains when we laugh, what makes us laugh and how it can make us healthier and happier. Youll also learn that theres a tremendous (极大的) amount of facts that no one understands yet.1 Whats the best title for the passage? How laughter works2 “Laughter is the best medicine.” Meanslaughter can actually improve health and help fight disease3 From the passage, what are industries built around laughter?jokes, sitcoms and comedies4 In paragraph 3,“sitcoms”meanssituation comedyExercise 8 “Family” is of course an elastic word. But when British people say their society is based on family life, they are thinking of “family” in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family-hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life. For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving ones parents and starting ones own life. The mans first duty will then be to his wife, and the wifes to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility and theirs alone. Neither the wifes parents nor the husbands, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have the right to interfere with them-they are their own masters.Readers of novels like Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice will know that in former time marriage among wealthy families were arranged by the girls parents, that is, it was the parents duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her. At that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry. It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results. A girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry.1. The author mean by “family is of course an elastic word”?different nations have differen