现在完成进行时精析.doc

现在完成进行时精析试一试 试做以下几道选择题，注意其它时态与现在完成进行时的不同用法。1. We _ on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. (2010天津)A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked2. Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _ since her marriage to Father. (2010江西)A. shoulders B. shoulderedC. is shouldering D. has been shouldering3. Weve spent too much money recently. Well, it isnt surprising. Our friends and relatives _ around all the time. (2010安徽) A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming4. Joseph _ to evening classes since last month, but he still cant say “Whats your name?” in Russian. (2010辽宁)A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone5. Im tired out. I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. (2010湖南)A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping 6. Why do you want to work for our company? This is the job that I _ for. (2010重庆)A. looked B. am to look C. had looked D. have been lookingKeys: 1-6 BDDADD一起来归纳现在完成进行时是描述时间和动作较精确的一种时态，其构成是“主语 + have / has + been + -ing”。我们在学习时需要注意以下几点：1. 现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作可能仍在进行，也可能已停止。如：He has been writing the novel since last year. Hes been watching television all day.2. 现在完成进行时表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。如：We have been waiting for you for an hour. We dont wan to wait any longer.He has been working all day. He is very tired. 3. 现在完成进行时有时表示根据直接或间接的证据得出的结论。如：She looks very tired. Shes been working all day. Her eyes are red. She has been crying.4. 表示状态的动词，如：love，like，hate，know等不能用于现在完成进行时。如：I have known him for years. ()I have been knowing him for years. ()注意：现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别1. 现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作。如：I have already read the book.（已读完）I have been reading the book.（一直在读）2. 有少数动词，如work, study, live, teach, stay等在表示持续一段时间时，用这两种时态含义差不多，只是用现在完成进行时更强调动作的持续性。如：How long have you studied here? How long have you been studying here? 3. 现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。如：I have waited for two hours.（陈述事实）I have been waiting for two hours.（等得好辛苦）4. 现在完成进行时通常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况，若要谈论时间延续较长的动作或情况或永久性情况，则通常用现在完成时。如：He has lived in London. 他（一直）住在伦敦。He has been living in London. 他（目前）住在伦敦。（表暂时性）5. 现在完成进行时不用于被动语态，若要用时，可用现在完成时的被动语态代替。如：The house has been built for a year. The problem has been studied for five days. 6. This / It is the first / time + that从句中用现在完成时，表示“这是某人第一 / 次做某事”。如：This is the first time that they have taken part in the Olympic Games. It is the third time that I have visited the city. 即时演练I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. I feel very tired. I _(clean) the classroom for three hours. 2. I _(wait) for an hour but the manager_(not turn) up.3. This is the second time that I _ (be) here.4. Have you finished the report? No. I _ (write) it all this week.5. She _(work) in Hong Kong since she left school. 6. The moment he _ (come) in, I will tell him what _ (happen).7. You know, I _ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.8. Lily _ (consider) going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. II. 读下面一段短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。Li Hua _1_ (be) a young man who _2_ (teach) in a middle school, and he _3_ (study) very hard. He especially _4_ (like) learning English very much. He has just passed the TOEFL. Next month he _5_ (go) to Harvard University. When he _6_ (be) a college student, he studied in Beijing University. He _7_ (use) to learn English well, but he didnt pass the test for the TOEFL at first. He wa