必修一unit5 Elias27story 课文详解.doc

Elias StoryMy name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa.The time when(at which) I first met Nelson Mandelawas a very difficult period of my life. The time was a very difficult period of my life.(at The time) I first met Nelson Mandela.I was twelve years old. Itwasin 1952 and Mandelawastheblack lawyer to whom I went for advice. Mandelawastheblack lawyer.I went to theblack lawyer for advice.He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. Hewasgenerous with his time, for which Iwasgrateful.特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句,此时使用as或which 做关系词，代整个主句，as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。A woman killed her husband,which frightened me very much.A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages,which surprises all the people.As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.As can be seen from his eyes, he is angry.I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school at six.Theschool where(in/at which) I studied for only two yearswasthree kilometers away. Theschoolwasthree kilometers away. I studied (in/at Theschool) for only two yearsI had to leave because my family could not continue to paythe school fees andthebus fare. I could not read or write well. After (I was) trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. 状语从句中的省略省略句的规则1.当从句的主语和主句的主语一致(或者从句的主语为it)2.从句谓语中包含be动词bedoing,bedone,betodo,be+adj满足这两个条件可以省去从句的主语和be动词保留be之后的部分，被保留部分常为现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词等。You cant speakuntil (youare) spoken to.Illbuyanew phoneif(itis) necessary.While (Iwas) running, I heard my name called.However, this wasa time when(at which) one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. this wasa time.one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg (at a time).Sadly I did not haveit because Iwasnot born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work. The day when(on which) Nelson Mandela helped mewasone of my happiest. The daywasone of my happiest.Nelson Mandela helped me (on The day).He told me how to get thecorrect papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandelawas. When he organizedtheANC Youth League, I joineditas soon as I could. as.as 和.一样,同级比较.第一个as为副词,第二个as为连词.其基本结构为：as+ adj./ adv.+as.This film is as interesting as that one. Your pen writes as smoothly as mine.否定式为not as +adj./ adv.+as. This dictionary is not as useful as you think.若有倍数修饰,如twice,three times,half,a quarter等,则须置于第一个as之前.Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的袋子比我的贵一倍.He said:“Thelast thirty years have seenthe greatest number of laws stopping out rights and progress, 我们赋予无生命主语以人或人的团体所特有的动作，常用see，find，tell，say等动词作谓语，来使用拟人手法，增加句子的表现力。My watch says it is five oclock now. The one look had told Mary what sort of man she had to deal with.The sight of the boy always reminds me of her parentsThis old building has seen wonderful days.Many troubles visited the poor old man last year.until today we have reached a stage where(on which) we have almost no rights at all.”we have reached a stage.we have almost no rights at all (on a stage).Itwasthe truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted.They could not get the jobs.they wanted the jobs.关系代词在从句中作宾语时，关系代词常常省略。Themanwhom/thatwesaw yesterdayisMr.Brown.ThemanwesawyesterdayisMr.Brown.Thepicturewhich/thatyourarelookingatwaspaintedbyme.Thepicture yourarelookingatwaspaintedbyme.介词前置在关系代词之前，关系代词绝对不可省。ThegirlwithwhomIworkiscoming.The window through which you can see many people is ver large.The parts of town in which(where) they had to live were decided by white people.The parts of town were decided by white people.they had to live in The parts of town.The places outsidethe towns where(in which) they were sent to live werethepoorest parts of South Africa. The places outsidethe towns werethepoorest parts of South Africa. they were sent to live (in The places).No one could grow food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said: “we were put into a position in which(where) we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.we were put into a position.we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government in a position.either.or. 或者或者；不是就是When the girl is happy,she either sings or dances.either.or.连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致, 就近原则.Either you or I am going there tomorrow.Are either you or I going there tomorrow?Either you or he has lunch at school. Do either you or he have lunch at school?对either.or.句型进行否定时,只需either.or.换成neither.nor.Either you or she is good at drawing. 你或她擅长绘画.Neither you nor she is good at drawing.你和她都不擅长绘画.neither.nor. 既不也不She likes neither butter nor cheese.neither.nor.连接两个主语时,也应遵循就近原则.Neither Tom nor his parents are at home today.neither.nor.句型变为肯定句,只需把neither.nor.改为both.and.即可,同时谓语动词必须用复数形式. Neither Tom nor Jack likes football.Both Tom and Jack like football.We chose to attack the laws. We first brokethelaw in a way whichwaspeaceful; We first brokethelaw in a way.a waywaspeaceful.when this wasnot allowedonly then did we decide to answer violence with violence.”“only状语”在句首时，句子要部分倒装。部分倒装：助动词/情态动词/be+主语+谓语动词 Only by this means is it possible to explain it. Only then did I realize the importance of English.Only in this way can you learn from your mistakes.“only主语”在句首时，不需要部分倒装。Only I can do it well.Only socialism can save China.As a