广东省中考英语冲刺复习 语法 动词课件.ppt

考点精讲精练 动词 综合测练 中考链接 考点精讲精练 后面要接名词或形容词构成谓语 常见的系动词有 look smell等 具体用法详见形容词考点2 本身不具有实际意义 必须和实义动词一起用 在句中帮助提问 否定以及构成相应的时态和语态 常用的助动词有 be is am are was were isn taren twasn tweren tamnot do do does did doesn tdon tdidn t will will won t have have has haven thasn t 等 1 be作助动词时的用法 be可放句首 疑问句 也可以放句中 它可以与goingto一起表示将来时 也可以与动词 ing形式一起表示进行时 以及和动词过去分词一起表示被动语态 如 iamgoingtobeamiddleschoolstudentnextyear 明年我将是一名中学生了 wasthegirlsleepingwhenhermotherwentoutforwork 当女孩的妈妈外出工作时 她正在睡觉吗 theywouldn tgotothepartybecausetheyweren tinvited 他们不会去参加聚会因为他们没被邀请 2 do作助动词时的用法 实义动词变疑问句或否定句时 借助do来表示 do可放句首 疑问句 也可以放句中 它们后面接动词原形 doyoulikewalkingaftersupper 你喜欢晚饭后散步吗 yes ido no idon t 是的 不 我 不 喜欢 doesheliveonthefifthfloor 他住在5楼吗 yes hedoes no hedoesn t 是的 不 他 不 是 shedoesn twanttohavelunchhere 她不想在这吃午餐 idon thavewhatyouwant 我没有你想要的 jackdidn tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill 杰克昨天没上学因为他病了 3 will作助动词时的用法 will后接动词原形 表示将来时 will可放句首 疑问句 也可以放句中 willyougoshoppingwithmethisweekend 你本周末和我去购物吗 yes iwill no iwon t 是的 我要去 不 我不会去 4 have作助动词时的用法 have has 后接动词过去分词 表示现在完成时 have has 可放句首 疑问句 也可以放句中 haveyoueverbeentothegreatwall 你曾经去过长城吗 ihaven treceivedhisinvitation 我还没收到他的邀请 hehasdecidedtosetouttomorrow buthehasn tdecidedwheretogo 他已经决定明天出发 但还没决定去哪里 1 whatareyoudoing cathy i mmydog ican tfindit a lookingforb lookedforc lookford looksfor 2 thedictionarywasbyoneofmyclassmates jim a pickupb picksupc pickingupd pickedup 3 canihelpyou iboughtthiswatchhereyesterday butitdoesn t a workb worksc workingd worked a d a 考点3专练 4 nobodybelieveshehasread100bookssofar butinfacthe youcanseethenewsontheschoolwebsite a doesb hasc isd will 5 don ttouchthemachine it sdangerous sorry i a don tb can tc won td haven t 6 hehasalotoftimereadingstoriesaboutfilmstars a spendb spendsc spentd spending b c c 7 theysurfedontheinternetformorethan6hours a areb havec willd don t b 表示说话人的情感与态度 不能单独作谓语 只能和实义动词原形一起构成谓语 无人称和数的变化 1 常用的情态动词一览表 2 情态动词表推测部分情态动词可以用来表示推测 推测的可能性由小到大为 can t 不可能 might may 可能 could can 可能 can用于疑问句 must 一定 themanunderthetreecan tbejohn hewenttolondonwithhisparentsyesterday 那个树下的男人不可能是约翰 他昨天和父母亲去伦敦了 hemayknowthewaytothepostoffice iamnotsure 他可能知道去邮局的路 我不确定 isawagirlwithlonghairinourclassroom whocanshebe 我看见教室里有个长头发女孩 她可能是谁 thenotebookmustbeliming s hisnameisonthefirstpage 这笔记本一定是李明的 他的名字在第一页 专练 用can t might may can must填空 a themanintheofficebemr lin hehasgonetocanadaandwon tbebackuntilnextmonth b thoughheisanewcomer heknowtheroadtothelibrarybecausehelikesreading c doyouknowthewomanwhoistalkingwithyourfather ihavenoidea mymotherhasshorthair butthewomanhaslonghair sothewomanbemymother whoshebe can t may might can t can d theiphone6bealice s inourdormitoryonlyshehasaniphone6 3 难点突破 can could 与beabletocan只用现在时 过去时用could 此两词不用于其他时态 而beableto可用于任何时态 shecan isableto driveacar 她能开车 hecould wasableto playthepianoattheageoften 他10岁时能弹钢琴 iwillbeabletorideabikeinaweek 不能用can could 一个星期内我就会骑自行车 must must与havetomust指由主观因素决定 haveto指外界条件决定 ithinkimustfinishmyworktoday 我想我今天必须完成我的工作 thelastbushasgone ihavetowalkhome 最后一辆公交车走了 我必须要走路回家了 must表示 必须 时否定形式为needn t或don thaveto 而不是mustn t mustn t表示禁止 theyneedn thavebreakfastsoearly 他们不需要这么早吃早餐 youmustn ttalkinclass 你禁止在课上讲话 几个情态动词否定形式的意义 mightnot maynot 可能不 can t couldn t 不可能 mustn t 禁止 therearemanystarsinthesky itmaynotraintomorrow 天上有很多星星 明天可能不下雨 hehadabigmealjustnow hecan tbehungrynow 他刚吃了一大餐 现在不可能饿 thechildrenmustn tplayfootballinthestreet 孩子们禁止在街上踢足球 几个情态动词在一般疑问中的回答 mayismokehere 我可以在这里抽烟吗 yes youmay no youmustn t can t 是的 你可以 不 你禁止抽烟 canyoucometoseemetomorrow 你明天能来看我吗 yes ican 是的 我可以 no ican t 不 我不能 musthegonow 他一定要走了吗 yes hemust no heneedn t doesn thaveto 是的 他必须走 不 他不需要 needifinishmyhomeworktoday 我需要今天完成作业吗 yes youmust no youneedn t 是的 你必须 不 你不需要 1 mayiwatchtvforawhile no you youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst a shouldn tb needn tc mustn td maynot 2 whereisourheadteacher mr black hebeintheoffice isawhimthereaminuteago a canb mayc mightd can t 3 isthatyourbestfriendsimon no itbehim heflewtohongkongyesterday a mustn tb maynotc can td needn t b b c 考点4专练 4 iborrowthesemagazines sorry onlythemagazinesovertherecanbeborrowed a mustb wouldc mayd need 5 youswim yes butiamnotagoodswimmer a canb mayc needd must 6 mustianswerthisquestioninenglish no you a mustn tb needn tc can td shouldn t c a b 7 ican ttakepartinthesportsmeetingbecauseofmybrokenleg istayathome a havetob mustc cand may 8 whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow itberainy cloudyorsunny whoknows a mustb mightc shalld should 9 itbetrue tom no itbetrue a can can tb can mustn tc may can td must can t a b a 10 dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon yes you a mustb canc mayd need a 1 用bring 带来 take 带走 carry 带重物 填空 a youshouldremembertoyourhomeworkheretomorrow b yourdogisill youmustittotheanimalhospital c theboxistooheavy ican tit bring take carry 2 用lookfor 寻找 表过程 find 找到 表结果 填空 hehisschoolbageverywhere buthecouldn tit lookedfor find 3 用say 说话 后有内容 speak 会说 讲某种语言 若表与某人讲话时要用speaktosb tell 说 讲故事 说谎等 talk 谈话 与人谈话 常用talkwith或talkto 谈论某事用talkabout填空 a myfatheroftenwithme heoften studyhard myson b icanalittleenglish butistillcan tstoriesinenglish talks says speak tell 4 用look 看 表动作 see 看见 观看 表结果 watch 注视 看电视 比赛等 read 阅读 看文字类东西 填空 a attheblackboard canyouthepicture b theyoftentvatnight butiliketoafilminthecinema c canyouthenewspaperforme look see watch see read 5 用wear 穿 表状态 后接物 puton 穿 表动作 后接物 in 穿着 后常接颜色 dress 给 某人 穿衣服 后接人 填空 a thetwinsarethesamekindofshirttoday b themanhiscoatandwentout c doyoubelievetheboybluecanhimselfeverymorning wearing puton in dress 6 用borrow 借入 lend 借出 keep 保有 不退还 指多长时间 填空 a caniyourbike mybikeisbroken sorry ican t ittoyoubecausemineisbroken too b howlongcanithisbook borrow lend keep 7 pay cost spend take的区别 花时间的两种表达法 ittakes tooksb 时间 todosth sb spend 时间 onsth 或 in doingsth 花钱的三种表达法 sth costsb 钱 sb pay 钱 forsth sb spend 钱 onsth in doingsth a itmetwohourstofinishmyhomeworklastnight b thenicewatchhim 250 thatistosayhe 250forthenicewatch c ithewholeafternooncleaningmyroomyesterday d wouldyouliketo30moredollarsonthiscar took cost paid spent spend 8 arrive reach get的区别 三者都表示 到达 后面不接地方时 只能用arrive 后面接地方时 三个词都可以用 具体搭配如下 arrivein 大地方 arriveat 小地方 reach 地方 getto 地方 a it s12 00o clock hehasn tyet idon tknowwhenhewill b don tworry iwillyourhomeintime c tomtohisuncle sat10pmlastnight d whenwillyouinlondon iwanttoknow arrived arrive reach got arrive 1 mymothermeeverydaywheniwasthreeyearsold a putonb worec ind dressed 2 tomalotofmoneyforhisnewhouse a paidb spentc tookd cost 3 atthoseplanes theyareverybig a seeb lookc watchd read d a b 综合测练 4 let saboutthepicturesonlyinenglish ok a sayb tellc talkd speak 5 youhaveagoodtimelastnight a didb doc wered was 6 hefoundhiswatchyet butialreadyfoundmine a has haveb hasn t havec hasn t haven td has haven t c a b 7 yougoshoppingwithmethisafternoon a doesb arec willd did 8 ihaven tseenhimthesedays hegooutforavacation butiamnotsure a mayb needc mustd can t 9 youpleasepassmeaglassofwater a mayb couldc cand must c a b 10 ileftmybookathome igobacktogetitbecausewewilluseitthismorning a mustb mayc cand haveto 11 yougoswimmingherebecauseit sdangerous a mustb mustn tc needn td may 12 studentsgoouttoplaygamesinthenetbaronschooldays a shouldb couldc shouldn td must d b c 13 mayitakephotosinthemuseum no you youobeytheruleshere a maynot canb mustn t mayc can t can td mustn t must 14 mustiwatertheflowerseveryday no you youcanwaterthemtwiceaweek a can tb mustn tc shouldn td don thaveto 15 whattimedidyoubeijinglastnight a reachedb arriveinc getd come c d d 16 issuesinginginthenextroom itbeher shecan tsingenglishsongsatall a mayb canc can td must 17 ihearyougotanewiphone5 ihavealook a mayb mustc willd should 18 mustihandinmyhomeworknow no you youhanditintomorrow a mustn t mayb mustn t canc needn t mustd needn t may c a d 19 oh i veleftmyschoolbagintheclassroom don tworry i llgoanditbackforyounow a bringb takec carryd fetch 20 hissonwalkwhenhewastwoyearsold a canb isabletoc wasabletod may 21 lastnightallofusthesmallvillageandstayedthereforanight a arrivedb reachedc gotd went a c b 22 don thimthebike heoftenbikesfromothers butneverreturns a lend borrowsb borrow lendsc borrow keepsd lend keeps 23 issueplayingthepianointhenextroom itbeher shehasgoneforaholiday a mayb canc can td must a c 24 ifthereisanythingidoforyou pleaseletmeknow a mayb canc mustn td haven t 25 willyoustayforsomemoredays sorry i mymotheraskedm