2005年1月MBA联考英语真题及参考答案.doc

浙江师范大学MBA教育中心822986712005年1月MBA联考英语真题及参考答案Section I Vocabulary (10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.1. Advertises often aim their campaigns at young people as they have considerable spending _.A. power B. force C. energy D. ability2. Weve bought some _ chairs for the garden so that they are easy to store awayA. adapting B. adjusting C. binding D. folding3. The new speed restrictions were a _ debated issue,A. heavily B. hotly C. deeply D. profoundly4. His change of job has _ him with a new challenge in lifeA. introduced B. initiated C. presented D. led5. No _youre hungry if you havent eaten since yesterdayA. matter B. surprise C. wonder D. problem6. The pianist played beautifully, showing a real _ for the musicA. feeling B. understanding C. appreciation D. sense7. The boss into a rage and started shouting at Robert to do as he was toldA. flew B. charged C. rushed D. burst8. Politicians should never lose _ of the needs of the people they representA. view B. sight C. regard D. prospect9. The employees tried to settle the dispute by direct _with the bossA, negotiation B. connection C. association D. communication10. You havent heard all the facts so dont _ to conclusionsA. dash B. jump C. much D. fly11. I am _ aware of the need to obey the vales of the competitionA. greatly B. far C. much D. well12. The manager has always attended to the _ of important business himselfA. transaction B. solution C. translation D. stimulation13. As is known to all a country gets a (an) _from taxesA income B. revenue C. Rind D. paymentI4, The government has decided to reduce _ on all imports.A. fee B. charge C. tariff D. tuition15. The need for financial provision not only to producers but also to consumersA. connects B. links C .associates D. relates16. The ability of bank to create deposits is determined by the ratio of liouid assets which they_.A. mount. B. contain C. remain D. maintain17 .The first serious prospect of a cure for Aids_ a treatment which delays its effects ha emergedA. other than B. rather than C. more than D. less than18. His parents died when he was young, so he was _ by his grandmaA. bred B. brought C. fed D. grown19.The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to _dollars in fear of another government interA. let in B. let out C. let go of D. let off its20. The local people could hardly think of any good way to _ the disaster of the warA. shake off B. get off C. put off D. take offSection II Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. Afewdecadesago,theworldbankingcommunityinventednewElectronicFundsTransfer(EFT)systemstomovemoneymoreefficientlyacrosscountriesandaroundtheglobe. The_21_benefitofsuchsystemswasto_22_thefloatofcapitalthatwasunavailablefor?_23_checkswerebeingclearedthroughbanking_24_.Today,weunderstandthatbenefitsofelectronicbankingarefarmore_25_thanjustreducingfloatingcash.Theworldofbanking_26_revolutionizeDItis_27_moreefficientandfaster,butmoreglobal.Andnow_28_theInternet,EFTsystemsareincreasingly_29_withthenewworldofe-commerceande-trade._30_1997and2003,EFTvalue_31_fromlessthan$50trilliontonearly$40trillion,morethanthe_32_economicproductofallthecountriesandterritoriesoftheentireworld.Thesestatistics_33_shouldemphasizethetrueimportanceoftransnationalEFTSatellite,wireless,andcable-basedelectronicfundtransfers_34_thehubofglobalenterprise.Suchelectroniccashis_35_centraltotheideaofanemerging“worldwidemind.”Withoutthesatelliteandfiberinfrastructuretosupporttheflowofelectronicfunds,theworldeconomywouldgrindtoahalt. Section III Reading comprehension (40 points)Directions:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Passage OneWorkingatnonstandardtimes-evenings,nights,orweekends-istakingitstollonAmericanfamilies.One-fifthofallemployedAmericansworkvariableorrotatingshifts,andone-thirdworkweekends,accordingtoHarrietB.Presser,sociologyprofessorattheUniversityofMaryland.Theresultisstressonfamilialrelationships,whichislikelytocontinueincomingdecades. Theconsequencesofworkingirregularhoursvaryaccordingtogender,economiclevel,andwhetherornotchildrenareinvolved.Singlemothersaremorelikelytoworknightsandweekendsthanmarriedmothers.Womeninclerical,sales,orotherlow-payingjobsparticipatedisproportionatelyinworkinglateandgraveyardshifts.Married-couplehouseholdswithchildrenareincreasinglybecomingdual-earnerhouseholds,generatingmoresplit-shiftcouples.School-agedchildren,however,maybenefitfromparentsnonstandardworkschedulesbecauseofthegreaterlikelihoodthataparentwillbehomebeforeorafterschool.Ontheotherhand,acorrelationexistsbetweennonstandardworkschedulesandbothmaritalinstabilityandadeclineinthequalityofmarriages.Nonstandardworkinghoursmeanfamiliesspendlesstimetogetherfordinerbutmoretimetogetherforbreakfast.One-on-oneinteractionbetweenparentsandchildrenvaries,however,basedonparent,shift,andageofchildren.Thereisalsoagreaterrelianceonchildcarebyrelativesandbyprofessionalproviders.Workingnonstandardhoursislessachoiceofemployeesandmoreamandateofemployer.Presserbelievesthattheneedforswingshiftsandweekendworkwillcontinuetoriseinthecomingdecades.ShereportsthatinsomeEuropeancountriestherearesubstantialsalarypremiumsforemployeesworkingirregularhours-sometimesasmuchas50%higher.Theconvenienceofhavingservicesavailable24hoursadaycontinuestodrivethistrend.Unfortunately,saysPresser,theissueisvirtuallyabsentfrompublicdiscourse.Sheemphasizestheneedforfocusedstudiesoncostsandbenefitsofworkingoddhours,thephysicalandemotionalhealthofpeopleworkingnightsandweekends,andthereasonsbehindthenecessityforworkingthesehours.“NonstandardworkschedulesnotonlyarehighlyprevalentamongAmericanfamiliesbutalsogeneratealevelofcomplexityinfamilyfunctioningthatneedsgreaterattention,”shesays.36WhichofthefollowingdemonstratesthatworkingatnonstandardtimesistakingitstollonAmericanfamilies？AStressonfamilialrelationshipsBRotatingshifts.CEvenings，nights，orweekends.DItsconsequences.37Whichofthefollowingisaffectedmostbyworkingirregularhours？AChildren.BMarriage.CSinglemothers.DWorkingwomen.38Whowouldbeinfavorofthepracticeofworkingnonstandardhours？AChildren.BParents.CEmployeesDProfessionalchildproviders.39Itisimpliedthattheconsequencesofnonstandardworkschedulesare.AemphasizedBabsentCneglectedDprevalent40Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardsworkingirregularhours？APositive.BNegative.CIndifferent.DObjective.Passage TwoMosthumanbeingsactual1ydecidebeforetheythink.Whenanyhumanbeing-executive,specializedexpert,orpersoninthestreet-encountersacomplexissueandformsanopinion,oftenwithinamatterofseconds,howthoroughlyhasheorsheexploredtheimplicationsofthevariouscoursesofaction?Answer:notverythoroughly.Veryfewpeople,nomatterhowinte1ligentorexperienced,cantakeinventoryofthemanybranchingpossibilities,possibleoutcomes,sideeffects,andundesiredconsequencesofapolicyoracourseofactioninamatterofseconds.Yet,thosewhopridethemse1vesonbeingdecisiveoftentrytodojustthat.Andoncetheirbrainslockontoanopinion,mostoftheirthinkingthereafterconsistsoffindingsupportforit.Averyserioussideeffectofargumentativedecisionmakingcanbealackofsupportforthechosencourseofactiononthepatofthe“losing”faction.Whenonefactionwinsthemeetingandtheothersseethemselvesaslosing,thebattleoftendoesntendwhenthemeetingends.Anger,resentment,andjealousymayleadthemtosabotagethe4ecisionlater,ortoreopenthedebateatlatermeetings.Thereisabetter.AsphilosopherAldousHuxleysaid,“Itisntwhoisright,butwhatisright,thatcounts.”Thestructured-inquirymethodoffersabetteralternativetoargumentativedecisionmakingbydebate.WiththehelpoftheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnologythegapbetweenexpertsandexecutivesisnowbeingdramaticallyclosed.Byactuallyputtingthebrakesonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdown,andorganizingtheflowoflogic,itspossibletocreatealevelofclaritythatsheerargumentationcannevermatch.Thestructured-inquiryprocessintroducesalevelofconceptualclaritybyorganizingthecontributionsoftheexperts,thenbringstheexpertsandthedecisionmakersclosertogether.Althoughitisntpossibleornecessaryforapresidentorprimeministertolisteninoneveryintelligenceanalysismeeting,itspossibletoorganizetheexpertsinformationtogivethedecisionmakermuchgreaterinsightastoitsmeaning.Thisprocessmaysomewhatresembleamarketingfocusgroup;itsasimple,remarkablycleverwaytobringdecisionmakersclosertothesourceoftheexpertinformationandopinionsonwhichtheymustbasetheirdecisions.4lFromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat.Aexecutive,specializedexpert,arenomorecleverthanpersoninthestreetBveryfewpeopledec1debeforetheythinkCthosewhopridethemselvesonbeingdecisiveoftenfailtodosoDpeopletendtoconsidercarefullybeforemakingdecisions42Judgingfromthecontext,whatdoestheword“them”(line4,paragraph2)referto?ADecisionmakers.BThe“losing”faction.CAnger,resentment,andjealousy.DOtherpeople.43AldousHuxleysremark(Paragraph3)impliesthat.AthereisasubtledifferencebetweenrightandwrongBwecannottellwhoisrightandwhatiswrongCwhatisrightismoreimportantthanwhoisrightDwhatisrightaccountsforthequestionwhoisright44Accordingtotheauthor,thefunctionofthestructured-inquirymethodis.AtomakedecisionbydebateBtoapplytheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnology.Ctobrakeonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdownDtocreatealevelofconceptualclarity45Thestructured-inquiryprocesscanbeusefulfor.AdecisionmakersBintelligenceanalysismeetingCtheexpertsinformationDmarketingfocusgroupsPassage ThreeSportisheadingforanindissolublemarriagewithtelevisionandthepassivespectatorwillenjoyaprivateparadise.Allofthiswillbeinthefutureofsport.Thespectator(thetelevisionaudience)willbethepriorityandprofessionalclubswillhavetoreadjusttheirstructurestoadapttothenewreality:sportasabusiness.Thenewtechnologieswillmeanthatspectatorswillnolongerhavetowaitforbroadcastsbytheconventionalchannels.Theywillbetheoneswhodecidewhattosee.Andtheywillhavetopayforit.IntheUnitedStatesthesystemofthefuturehasalreadystarted:pay-as-you-view.Everythingwillbeofferedbytelevisionandthespectatorwillonlyhavetochoose.ThereviewSportsIllustratedrecentlypublishedafullprofileofthelifeofthesupporterathomeinthemiddleofthenextcentury.Itexplainedthattheconsumerswouldbeabletoselecttheirviewofthematchonagigantic,flatscreenoccupyingthewholeofonewall,withimagesofaclaritywhichcannotbeforeseenatpresent;theycouldwatchfromthetrainersstandsjustbehindthebatterinagameofbaseballorfromthehelmetofthestarplayerinanAmericanfootballgame.Andattheirdisposalwillbethesaneoptionstheproduceroftherecordedprogrammerhastoselectreplays,tochoosewhichcameratomeandtodecideonthesoundwhethertohearthepublic,theplayers,thetrainerandsoon.Manysportsexecutives,largelytoooldandtooconservativetofeelathomewiththenewtechnologieswillbelievethatsportmustcontroltheexpansionoftelevisioncoverageinordertosurviveandensurethatspectatorsattendmatches.Theydonotevenaccepttheevidencewhichcontradictstheirviewwhilethereismorebasketballthaneverontelevision,forexample,itisalsocertainthatbasketballismorepopularthanever.Itisalsotheargumentofthesesportsexecutivesthattelevisionharmingthemodestteams.Thisistrue,butthefutureofthoseteam isalsomodest.Theyhavereachedtheirceiling.Itisthelawofthemarket.Thegreateventscontinuallyattractlargeraudience.TheworldIbeingconstructedonnewtechnologiessothatpeoplecanmaketheutmostuseoftheirtimeand,intheirhomehaveaccesstothegreatestpossiblerangeofrecreationalactivities.Sportwillhavetoadaptitselftothenewworld.Themostvisionaryexecutivesgofurther.Thatphilosophyis:ratherthanseetelevisiontakeoversportwhynothavesportstakenovertelevision?46Whatdoesthewritermeanbyuseofthephrase“anindissolublemarriage”inthefirstparagraph?Asportiscombinedwithtelevision.Bsportcontrolstelevision.Ctelevisiondictatessports.DSportandtelevisionwillgotheirownways47Whatdoes“they”inline2paragraph2standfor?ABroadcasts.BChannels.CSpectators.DTechnologies.48Howdomanysportsexecutivesfeelwiththenewtechnologies?Atheyaretoooldtodoanything.BTheyfeelillatease.CTheyfeelcompletelyathome.DTechnologiescangohandinhandwithsports.49Whatisgoingtobediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?Athephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.BTheprocessoftelevisiontakingoversport.CTelevisioncoverageexpansion.DAnexampletoshowhowsporthastakenovertelevision.50Whatmightbetheappropriatetitleofthispassage?Atheargumentsofsportsexecutives.BThephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.CSportsandtelevisioninthe21stcentury.DSports:abusiness.Passage FourConveniencefoodhelpscompaniesbycreatinggrowth,butwhatisitseffectonpeople?Forpeoplewhothinkcookingwasthefoundationofcivilization,themicrowaveisthelastenemy.ThecommunionofeatingtogetherIseasilybrokenbyadevicethatliberateshouseholdscitizensfromwaitingformealtimes.Thefirstgreatrevolutioninthehistoryoffoodisindangerofbeingundone.Thecompanionshipofthecampfire,cookingpotandcommontable,whichhavehelpedtobondhumansincollaborativelivingforatleast150000yearscouldbedestroyed.Mealshavecertainlysatedfromtheriseofconveniencefood.TheonlymealsregularlytakentogetherinBritainthesedaysareattheweekend,amongrichfamiliesstrugglingtoretainsomethingoftheoldsymboloftogetherness.Indeed,thedaysfirstmealhasallbutdisappeared.Inthe20thcenturytheleisureBritishbreakfastwasunderminedbythecornflake;inthe21stbreakfastisvanishingaltogetheravictimofthequickcupofcoffeeinStarbucksandthecerealbar.Conveniencefoodhasalsomadepeopleforgethowtocookoneoftheapparentparadoxeso