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听力加试和答案听力经典加试版本 1听力 section 3A 套:第一篇:关于 bird migration 的 term paperLong conversation: Student having difficulties in writing term paper男 student: Professor, I hope to discuss my term paper with you. I got stuck in writing the paper on bird migration. I have difficulties in finding enough materials about bird migration.女 Professor: You cant find enough material on bird migration?(语调上扬,最后一题,重听题的考点。)男 student: I want to write about early bird migration.(要写的 paper 是关于古代鸟类迁徙的,所以资料不够。)女 Professor:哦你确实找到了一个好的题目,但是你要知道我的要求是你们的论文要反映你们这学期学了什么。 男 student: 想写关于 Aristotle亚里士多德 关于这个题目的看法etc.女 Professor:I want you to apply what youve learned to your paper. 不要只是做 summary or description. 我想要看到你的special analysis.男 student:但是,我觉得我找的资料中有错误的。(I think .wrong),这就是为什么我不想用资料。女 Professor: 你不要完全放弃以前找的资料(discard). 你可以换种想法,用 rational的方式。这就是我们说的 critical thinking,不一定非要同意资料。可以写以前的(historically) old theory, 然后现在的这些新研究 (current research) 如何支持(support)或者驳斥这些 theory.男 student: 我想可以写 bird migrate at night。人们大多只看到大鸟,所以认为小鸟在大鸟的翅膀下迁徙什么的,其实新发现是因为小鸟晚上飞(通过说这个 topic 来验证自己理解了老师的意图 change the topic from ancient to recent)女 Professor: That shows your thinking. (对,这样就是我们需要的思考能力)男 student:I want to write about the birds that do not migrate. They hibernate冬眠,蛰伏 during winter.女 Professor: 如果我是你,我就不会在一份 15 页的论文中写这么多(If I were you, I would not. The paper is 15 pages)。不过,想法挺不错。建议你以后每周(in a week)都来找我,看一下他写论文的新的方向(new direction)进行得如何。问题一:Why 男 student go to see the professor?答案:C(3)he cannot find enough material in writing his paper.问题二:How does the professor help the student?答案: A(1)change his approach 问题三:忘了。答案:B,D(2,4)问题四:Why does the student 提 night migration ?答案:A (1)通过说这个 topic 来验证自己理解了老师的意图 change the topic from ancient to recent问题五:重听:(女 Professor 说的:啊,你没找到鸟类迁徙的资料?)答案: B (2) (. is easy.)第二篇:大王花大王花Rafflesia大花草属(产于马来西亚)教授一开始就介绍植物分类,提到分类中的 species 种,genus属,order目。说植物的classification 很难,一些特性比较特殊的植物特别是这个样子。提出植物的分类不能完全依靠它 flower 的形态和特性。提到 Rafflesia(大王花),开花石会散发腐臭的味道,以吸引蝇类传播花粉。她举了Indonesia印尼(东南亚)的一种植物 M,它的 flower 很特别,超级大(图片显示它的直径有一个手臂这么长,颜色为绛红,也许牛人知道它是何种植物),有难闻的味道,象什么肉,但是最后发现他们不是一个 order 的。生长在很恶劣的环境中,其它的植物都不能生长(题目一:它生长在什么样的环境当中?) 这种植物有食物的来源,但是它还是会抓 insect 吃,因为它不能从土壤中得到足够的营养,所以要通过这种方式来获取所需的营养(题目二:为什么吃虫?)然后教授说了它怎么抓虫的? 经过很长时间的研究,专家发现它和violet紫罗兰、willow柳树 等是属于一个order的,后提到幼时的 violet,也会散发那种 smell 的。提到共存(考题)有提到另一种南美洲的植物和它是同一目的,但是花很小,味道也不难闻,与蓝莓共生 coherent。学生提问不能测 DNA 吗,教授说这种大花基本不进行光合作用,没法提取一般植物能提取到的 DNA。在 DNA 分析技术成熟之前根本无法将他们并为同类,由于他们的特征差异太大。教授还提到这种植物的交配不易,其一气味难闻致使传蜜的动物不易接近,其二它每年只开一次花,且花分雌雄。所以要这么多先天条件凑齐不易,所以很少有人有机会看到开花的全过程。(考题)所以,结论,不可以貌取人。后来又讲了这种花很有可能灭绝,原因是要 fly 帮忙运花粉,要同种的花在一起,要。要这些条件同时发生,是小概率Small incident第一题: 3 (classify different)第二题:4 (odor)第三题:1(inside)第四题: 问:imply 2 (does not often reproduce)第五题:重听题2第六题:重听题3第三篇:ragtimeRagtime雷格泰姆音乐 musicRagtime 介绍了一种流行于美国十九世纪左右名为 ragtime 的音乐,能够表现年青人的活力(spirit of youth)之类的,此乐流行是由于 piano 的关系,因为两者真是太搭配了。在那个年代,在各种场合都用钢琴。此乐当时流行程度,(like Rock & Roll 在某一时期一样)。(出现考点)女学生说了一堆后,来了一句 I just dont get it,意思是要教授 explain,还说 piano 之所以当时那么受欢迎,一是因为它能与音律产生和谐,另一是因为当时它算一种财富地位的象征什么的 symbol of wealth and status。再加上,那个年代,大家都没钱,就去 public concert or restaurant 什么的听音乐,而 piano 声音够响亮,又和 ragtime music rhythm 搭配的天衣无缝,所以,两者相得益彰这个音乐年轻人很喜欢,因为很有激情。除了到处演出啊,park 演出等不用钢琴,因为难搬(出现考点)because oftransportation problem。同时,此乐也是 jazz 的前身,因为演奏者不按牌理出牌,一首曲七个人弹,弹出七种调。这种 regtime 音乐影响很远啊,例如现在的 jazz 就是从那发展来的。第一题: 题干(how does piano contribute to the ragtime music) 答案: 3第二题:3第三题:为什么 piano 是主要乐器? 答案(3,4)第四题:为什么文中最后提到 parade 和 park concert? 答案:2第五题:1(jazz, important)第六题:重听题1 (generally,rock)B Plan第一篇:女生丢 ID 卡第一个场景对话一个来自学生和学校服务部工作人员的对话。(Listen to a conversation between a student and a staff in University Service office.)女同学:老师,我想要申办新的ID卡,因为以前的丢了。男staff: 由于我校的registration 还未完全结束。(所以,我这里没有完整的资料)。如需办卡,你得需要提供其他证件来证明身份。首先:你的驾照。(driver license)女同学:我的driver license在钱包里。而丢的就是我的钱包。你看这个才是真正的问题.(see, thats the problem)。钱包丢了,导致很多证件我都没办法出示。男staff: 那你的护照Passport.女同学:在宿舍里。就是因为我的ID卡丢了,宿舍才不让我进去,让我到这儿(service center)来申办新卡。男staff: 那,让我发几封邮件。(send some emails.) (看看怎么解决)。(仿佛过了几秒)。哦,好的。你现在可以去宿舍去取,但是必须身边有人护卫着你去。(escort you), 因为这样才能确定你的身份。(verify your identification.)。(男老师,故作同情,体贴状。)不好意思,可是这是学校的规定regulations。所以,希望你能谅解understand。女同学:没问题,不过我的wallet 丢的时候,饭卡也在里面(meal pass)。男staff: 没事儿,那你可以正好在申办新ID的时候,顺便帮你把meal pass也换新的了。女同学:哦,那太感谢你了。Thanks a lot.男staff: 没事儿,I am very glad to help you.女学生:en, you are glad!问题 1. Why does the student go to see the office worker in the university serviceoffice? D new ID card. 问题 2. Why 女生不能出示 driver license? her wallet was stolen.问题 3. Why she need to be escorted?C,To verify问题 4. 根据对话所述,why 提到 meal pass? D,能和ID卡一起重新办。问题 5. Listen again:女:You are glad D,She was relieved.第二篇:神经元细胞介绍神经胶质细胞 Biology ClassListen to a lecture in a biology class. 女 Professor:好,在今天开始讲课之前,我们先 review 一下上节课的内容。上节课,We have talked about神经元细胞(电脑中心的框中:Neuron神经元,神经细胞), 以及其工作的原理(function),有谁能回忆起来?男 student ( 注意:名字叫 Bernard, 重读在第二个音节,待会儿女老师会直呼其名):Neutron 是指在大脑运作的过程中起作用的一种细胞 cell,它接受 electronic signal,经过传递,然后再送往大脑的接收器 receptor. 女 Professor 忽然打断(重听题):好的。 Bernard, 可以了。你的答案很 complete.那么今天,我们来讲一下 glial cell神经胶质细胞 (电脑中央打出),这也是大脑物质中的一种。Historically 历史上,生物学家不重视 glial cell, 对神经传导的研究仅限于 neuron(神经元),也叫 nerve cell。神经传导通过 electrical communication 从一个结点传到另一个结点,神经元被认为起主要作用,glial cell 研究的很少,一直被忽略,被看作 help the growth of neurons (出题),起辅助作用(support neutron)。例如, (以前 biologists认为)glial cell 的作用是 protect, repaire the damaged neuron cell) 后来偶然发现大脑中 glial cell 比 neuron 的数目多很多,glial cell 引起了科学家的重视,开始研究它究竟起什么作用(此处出题,问 glial cell 怎么引起科学家注意的)。(However, scientists accidentally discover that glials amount is far overnumber the number of the neuron. So glial attract peoples attention. )人们发现胶质细胞也有传导信息的作用,不过不是通过生物电(not electronically communication),而是化学物质传导(but chemical communication)。(此处出题)。传统观点一直误以为 glial cell 也像 nerve cell 一样用电信号,于是总共有三种传导方式,神经细胞间,胶质细胞间,神经和胶质细胞互相传导。(They use chemical conductor to communicate with others. So 1, glial to neuron,2,glial to glial 3, neuron to neuron are all available. )而且 glial cell 的功能也据不想传统上认为的只是:send signal.那么到底 glial cell 的功能有可能是什么呢?我们在用脑子的时候,其实就是用的 glial cell,比如说,我们 feel, think 和 remember 的时候。所以,人们就有个假设(Hypothesis), 有可能智商(IQ)就和 glial cell 有关系,glial cell 越多智商越高(more intelligent).但这不确定。对胶质细胞的研究将是一个很 open up 的领域,对 glial cell 的认识目前十分有限,但相关研究已经开始流行,而且到了大家毕业之后的几年中可能成为炙手可热选的研究课题。此处出题)一女 student 插话(但是,不重要,不出考题):那老师,您的意思,是说,以后 glial cell 这个领域会很值得研究了?。将来我们毕业的时候也可以。(貌似这个女生想借此研究领域施展一下拳脚,但是被女教授打断。)女 Professor: 对,我的意思是说将来你们毕业后,对 glial cell 的研究会比较多。好了,言归正传(back to the analysis.)( 接着教授总结了一下刚刚对 glial cell 的定义和功能分析) 问:大家谁还有什么问题?没有的话,我们进入下一个话题 various types of 问题一:主旨题:答案忘了。(但是,很轻松就能选出)应该和 h 有关。问题二:细节题:Why does the professor mention there were much research on neutron? (为什么老师要在文章中题,在 neutron 的领域有很多人做过研究?)答案:只要选有 little research on glial cell 就行。正确答案的中文意思是:是为了反衬,在 glial cell 领域,目前做的研究很少。问题三:细节题:Historically, what is the function of glial cell?正确答案:选有 support 的选项即可。中文是;glial cell 的作用是支持 neuron.问题四:细节题(双选)现在根据人们的发现,glial cell 有什么特征?正确选项一:选有 outnumber 的词。(数量远远多余 neutron)正确选项二:选有 chemical signal (communication)的选项。问题五:暗示细节题:What does the professor imply when she says 你们毕业后(graduate)几年,这个领域会火?正确答案:选有 many research 的选项。(意思是说,glial cell 这个领域,以后会有很多研究课题的。)问题六:Listen again 重听题:女 Professor: 行了。OK, Bernard。正确答案: D, The students answer is complete.第三篇:英国浪漫主义诗人 Williams Wordsworth浪漫主义诗歌literature 主要讲了 18-19 世纪英国浪漫主义(Romanticism)诗歌的代表人 Wardsworth 的诗。他是浪漫主义的鼻祖,但浪漫主义这个称谓是后人加上的,不是他们本身这样称呼自己的(此处出题)。Romanticism 不是我们平时理解的 romance,和男女之间的爱情无关。Romanticism 针对的是 common people 而不是少数 educated people,用的是 simple language,描述的是日常生活中常见的事物,孩子,人类情感,以及自然和人类之间的互动。教授以自己为例,说自己在散步时感受到了这种互动(此处出题)与 romanticism 针锋相对的一种风格是 neoclassicism 新古典主义,也是那位 romanticism 的鼻祖很反对的。neoclassicism 使用太多的 elaboration,如sky 不叫 sky,而叫 blue 什么的;bird 不叫bird,而叫 feathered person。教授把该诗人的作品分为三个阶段。早期的浪漫主义作品,主要描述植物的(花与草)诗歌。中期时是对一些社会现象的评论。后期时对早期的作品进行修改。目前文学界还是认为它早期的作品是最好的。(教授还说,他的诗越写到后来越糟糕,反而早期的比较好,本文重点讲了他第一阶段的诗)。听力经典加试版本 21. 神经元细胞lecture 神经胶质细胞研究。教授说早期对人类大脑的研究集中在神经细胞 neuron,让一男生起来回答上节课的主要内容,男生说生物电生物电 bioelectricity 通过神经细胞传导,通过两个神经细胞的接触点传到下一个细胞,有趣的是。说到这里被教授打断,说他答得已经很完整了(有题,问教授打断他的用意)。神经胶质细胞 glial cells 的作用在早期被忽视了,人们认为胶质细胞只有支持神经细胞的作用。后来人们发现胶质细胞也有传导信息的作用,不是通过生物电,而是化学物质传导。于是总共有三种传导方式,神经细胞间,胶质细胞间,神经和胶质细胞互相传导。而且发现胶质细胞的数量及其巨大,远多于神经细胞。同时还可能有修复神经细胞,决定哪些神经长的大记得可能不准。教授又说,胶质细胞可能与智力有关,越多智商越高,但这不确定。教授说对胶质细胞的研究是一个很 open up 的领域,建议学生们可以考虑毕业后作深入研究(有题)。重要:biology 讲 glial cell。以往人们对神经传导的研究仅限于 neuron(神经元),也叫nervecell。神经传导通过 electrical communication 从一个结点传到另一个结点,神经元被认为起主要作用,glial cell 研究的很少,一直被忽略,被看作 help the growth of neurons(出题),起辅助作用。后来偶然发现大脑中 glial cell 比 neuron 的数目多很多,glial cell引起了科学家的重视,开始研究它究竟起什么作用(此处出题,问 glialcell 怎么引起科学家注意的)。后来有一重大突破,发现 glial cell 传导信号不是用的 electricalsignal,而是用 chemical conductor(一说chemical communication)(此处出题)。传统观点一直误以为 glial cell 也像 nervecell 一样用电信号。后来谈到 glial cell 可能的作用:使人更 intelligent。对 glial cell 的认识目前十分有限,但相关研究已经开始流行,是大家毕业之后可选的研究课题(此处出题) Glial cell is thought to help the growth of neurons.However,scientists accidentally discover that glials amount is much more than the neuron. So glialattractpeoples attention. They use chemical conductor to communicate with others.Soglial to neuron, g to n, g to g, n to n are all available. In the past glialwas thought to support nerve cell.Glial cells (神经胶质细胞)and Neurons (神经细胞)Glial cells,commonly called neuroglia or simply glia, are non-neuronal cellsthat providesupport and nutrition, maintain homeostasis,form myelin,and participate in signal transmission in the nervoussystem. In the human brain, glia are estimated to outnumberneurons by about 10 to 1.1Glial cellsprovide support and protection for neurons, the other main type of cell inthe central nervoussystem. They are thus known as the glue胶水 of the nervous system.The four main functions ofglial cells are to surround neurons and hold them in place固定, to supply nutrientsand oxygento neurons供养, to insulate one neuron from another隔开, and to destroy pathogensand remove dead neurons破坏病菌,转移死N.Glia wasdiscovered in 1856by the pathologist Rudolf Virchow in his search for aconnectivetissue in the brain大脑的连接组织.The human brain contains about tentimesmore glial cells than neurons. 1Following its discovery in the late 19th century,this fact underwentsignificant media distortion, emerging as the famous myth claimingthatwe are using only 10% of our brain. The role of glial cells asmanagers ofcommunications in the synapse突触 gap,thus modifying learning pace, has been discoveredonly very recentlyIn addition toneurons, the nervous system is populated with another category of cells,glialcells. Glial cells are approximately 10 times more plentiful than neurons, butsincethey are approximately one-tenth the size, they take up equal size, gliais a Greek termmeaning glue, researches originally believed that glial cellsserved as the putty thatheld the neurons together, recent research indicatesthat these cells provide veryimportant contributions.a neuron is thefunctioning unit of the nervous system, specialized to receive, integrate,andtransmit information, the flow of information moves in the following direction.2. ID Problem女学生丢了钱包(里面有她的 student id& meal card& key 等东西.),无法回 dorm。于是去student service 办 id card,遇到 staff(口音像是一位黑人大叔)把守,说没有 id card 不能进去,要么出示 dirving license,要么是有头像照片的本本,比如 passport 什么的。但是女生说,我的 wallet 丢了,id card 没了,passport 也在 dorm 里面,而没有 id card,dorm 不让进(有题目,问她为什么拿不到 passport?)。后来女说这个问题她和 dorm 负责人说过,有 email 到这里做说明,staff 查了查,果然如此,然后 staff 又说如果你能正确说出 passport 的 number,就让她进去,女学生从容的说出了 number,他说 OK,你可以进去了,但是你会受到监视.MM 说, who cares! MM 又说了:她的 meal card 也掉了.管理员说:你在里面办 ID 的时候也可以顺便办了 meal card. MM 说:你真的是帮了我很大的忙啊! 管理员:if you have some otherproblems, I am glad to help you. MM, you help! (降调的) 有考到态度题,问 MM 为什么这么说?(记得两选项:1.MM怀疑这个管理员是不是能帮他. 2.MM 在解决了所有的问题之后如释重负.)3. 浪漫主义诗歌wordsworth, as we have said, is the chiefrepresentative 典型的 of some of the mostimportant principles 原则 in the romantic movement, but he is far more a memberof anymovement, through his supreme poetic expression of some of the greatestspiritual idealshe belongs among the five or six greatest English poets.first, he isthe profoundest interpreter of nature in all poetry. his feeling for naturehastwo aspects. he is keenly sensitive, and in a more delicately discriminatingway thanany of his predecessors, to all the external beauty and glory ofnature, especiallyinanimate nature of mountains, woods and fields, streams andflowers, in all theirinfinitely varied aspects. a wonderful joyous andintimate sympathy with them is one ofhis controlling impulses.In the second place, wordswoth is the most consistentof all the great English poets ofdemocracy, though here as elsewhere hisinterest is mainly not in the external but inthe spiritual aspect of things.the obstinacy andthese poems are only the most conspicuous result of ws chieftemperamentaldefect, which was an almost total lack of the sense of humor. regardinghimselfas the prophet of a supremely important new gospel, he never admittedthepossibility of error in his own point of view and was never able to stand asidefromhis poetry and criticize it dispassionately.4. 鸟类迁徙 bird migrationPeople think small birds do not migrate.But birds migrate at night and the small birdsare under the wing of big wings.So they are invisible to people. Then the student wantsto write a bird thatnot migrate but hibernate, but the teacher denies his idea. At last,theteacher hopes that he can come a week later and see his new topic.He cannot find sufficient material for the bird migration. But the teacher thinks itisimpossible. They he wants to write some ideas from Aristotle. But the teachersays thather request is to apply their knowledge to accomplish the paper. Sohe should change thetopic.5. Ragtime musicRagtime is an American musical genre which enjoyed its peak popularity between 1899 and 1918. It hashad several periods of revival since then and is still being composed today.Ragtime was the first truly American musical genre, predating jazz. It began as dance musicin popular music settings years before being published as popular sheet musicfor piano. Being a modification of the then popular march,it was usually written in 2/4 or 4/4 time(meter) with a predominant left hand pattern of bass notes on odd-numberedbeats and chords on even-numbered beats accompanying a syncopatedmelody in the right hand. A composition in this style is called arag. A rag written in 3/4 time is a ragtime waltz.Ragtime is not atime (meter) in the same sense that march time is 2/4meter and waltz time is 3/4 meter; it is rather a musical genre that uses aneffect that can be applied to any meter. The defining characteristic of ragtimemusic is a specific type of syncopation in which melodicaccents fall between metrical beats. This results in a melody that seems to beavoiding some metrical beats of the accompaniment by emphasizing notes thateither anticipate or follow the beat. The ultimate (and intended) effect on thelistener is actually to accentuate the beat, thereby inducing the listener tomove to the music. Scott Joplin, the composer/pianist known as theKing of Ragtime, called the effect weird andintoxicating. He also used the term swing in describing howto play ragtime music: Play slowly until you catch the swing.1The name swing later came to be applied to an earlygenre of jazz that developed from ragtime. Converting a non-ragtime piece ofmusic into ragtime by changing the time values of melody notes is known asragging the piece. Original ragtime pieces usually contain severaldistinct themes, four being the most common number.7. 工程队噪音The student is complaining the noise and dust made by the construction out of the library since they have to take some classes during this summer break. The housing officer says that she cannot help this situation, she cannot change theschedule of the construction as the man suggests, since the construction is decided by a special committee and funded several months ago. Then the man suggests the construction team to move to another side of the building. But it is too difficult to move anything. Later the officer suggests that maybe they can apply for another dormitory, but she needs contact with housing first.Questions:1Why the man go to the office?2What can be inferred from what the woman talks?8.咖啡包装大概是讲咖啡怎样被 decaffeinated(脱去咖啡因)而不破坏原来味道,然后包装。有一个图。讲 gas 怎样在高温高压下 XX(忘了这个物理名词)。decaffeinate 就是这个原理。咖啡豆经过这个过程到一个罐,然后又经过另一物理过程,就 crystalize(明确)了,可以包装了。Questions1Main topic2What is the theory the process uses 3Desc

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