Unit 15《Learning》学案2 北师大版必修5

高中英语 Unit 15Learning学案2 北师大版必修5类别课标要点重点单词1. adj.稳定的；安全的2. adj. 可选择的；另类的3 n. 步速，速度 4. adj. 杰出的，优秀的5 n. 名誉，名声 6. vt. 缺乏，没有7 vt. 获得，得到 8. vt. 忽视，不顾9 adj. 极其重要的 10. vt. 使适应11 vt. 简化 12. n. 资格，资历13 v. 怀疑 14. v. 教导，指导15 _ n. 作业；任务，工作 16._ vt. 反映；反射17_ n. 接近或进入之路 18._ adj. 值得努力的19_ n. 假定，假设 20._ v. 鼓舞，鼓励securealternativepaceoutstandingreputationlackacquireignorevitaladaptsimplifyqualificationsuspect instructassignmentreflect accessworthwhileassumptioninspire常用短语1._老实说，说实话2._ 裁员；解雇3_ 发呆 4. 充满5 除之外 6. _ 在某种程度上7 出发 8. 习惯于9 赞成，赞许 10. 总的来说frankly_speakinglay_offgo_blank swell_with aside_from to_a_certain_extent set_off be_accustomed_to approve_of as_a_whole 典型句式1.In the past， someone like me _ to get into university through the college exam，he _ _no chance of getting a degree.过去，像我这样不能够通过高考而进入大学的人是没有机会拿到学位的。2I decided that I became an Internet user.我觉得是成为互联网用户的时候了。3Im afraid that late work.我恐怕没有理由晚一点完成工作。4.I so difficult at school.在上学时，我本不该这么叛逆5Sometimes I I him and ask for his opinion！有时我真希望能打个电话问问他的意见！ifhadfailedwouldhavehaditwastime there is no excuse forshouldnthavebeen wishcouldphonesuspect vt.怀疑；猜疑suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人做了某事suspect sb.to be.疑心某人是suspect that.疑心He was suspected of the murder by the police.警察认为他涉嫌那起谋杀案。I suspect him to be a thief.我疑心他是个贼。Betty suspected that Tom is the murderer.贝蒂疑心汤姆是凶手。1.Nobody wants to make friends with the boy_money.Asuspected of having stolenBsuspecting to stealCsuspected having stolenDsuspecting to have stolen【解析】过去分词作定语，修饰boy。【答案】Aapprove v赞成；批准approve a plan批评计划approve用做“赞成；认可；满意”时，可以是及物动词也可以用做不及物动词，常和介词of搭配。of可省略。The government approved the plan for building a new chemical plant there.政府批准了在那儿建一个化工厂。Marines parents now approve (of) her marriage.玛琳的父母现在同意她结婚了。approval n赞许；同意；批准；认可meet with sb.s approval得到某人的批准win/earn sb.s approval得到某人的赞许on approval包退包换2.His parents didnt _of his smoking and tried to persuade him to give it up.AagreeBallow forCapproval Dapprove【解析】此句意为：“他的父母不赞成/允许他吸烟，尽力劝他把烟戒掉。”agree同意，不和of连用；allow for考虑到；可以和介词of搭配的有approve，意为“赞成”。C项是名词，不可以用在此处。【答案】Dlack n& vt.缺少；缺乏lack (n.) of sth.缺少某东西lack sth.be lacking in sth.缺少某东西There has been a great lack of water this summer.今年夏天严重缺雨。The teacher said that the child lacked (was lacking in) confidence.老师说这孩子缺乏信心。be short of 缺少be poor in 在贫乏Now I am short of money.现在我手头缺钱。3.Though_money，his parents managed to send him to university.Alacked Blacking ofClacking Dlacked in【解析】lack可作及物动词，其后直接接名词作宾语。该句相当于Though his parents lacked money，由于从句的主语同主句的主语相同，故可将让步状语从句变成现在分词短语，表主动。【答案】Caccess n进入，接近；通道，门路；接近的权利 access to进入(某地)，也可用into；与(某人)会面；()的通道gain access to接近have free access to自由利用give sb.access to答应让某人使用Only high officials had access to the president.只有高级官员才可以接近总统。The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.这是经过田间到农舍的惟一道路。access 和entrance用法比较：access 和entrance都有“通向的通道”之意。(1)access 是正式用语，指从一处通向另一处的通道。(2)entrance也是正式用语。笼统地指建筑物的出入口处，不指具体的门。They came to the entrance to the railway station.他们来到火车站的进口处。4.Your school is really wonderful.Yes，its fully equipped.And every student has free_to the library.Aaccess BchanceCuse Dright【解析】have (has) free access to.表示“有自由(免费)使用的权利(机会)”。to为介词。【答案】A5(2009年浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy_to the digital resources of the library.Aaccess BpassageCway Dapproach【解析】句意为：设计这个系统的目的是让学生迅速、方便地使用图书馆的数字资源。access to固定短语，意为“有权使用，有机会接近”。【答案】Aselect v& adj.选择；挑选，选拔(尤指最好的或最合适的)；精选的select sb.to do sth.挑选某人做某事select sb.as.选举某人为make a selection of.挑选She was selected as the parliamentary candidate for Bath.她被选为巴斯地区的议员候选人。Six theatre companies have been selected to take part in this years festival.已选定六个剧团参加今年的戏剧节。The woman selected a vegetable dish from the menu.那位女士从菜单中选了一个素菜。The final team selection will be made tomorrow.明天将确定队伍的最后人选。select，choose与elect用法比较：(1)select精选，指在同种的许多东西中，仔细审慎地加以“选择”，标准较严格，即在精选之中有所淘汰。(2)choose选择、抉择，用途较广，指一般的“选择”，指抉择时侧重意志和判断。(3)elect选举(指通过正式手续)，后接人及所任的职务。6.用select，choose或elect的适当形式填空：(1)There are plenty of restaurants to_from.(2)She became the first black woman to be_to the Senate.(3)All our hotels have been carefully_for the excellent value they provide.(4)They were_from among many applicants.【答案】(1)choose(2)elected(3)selected(4)selectedaccustom vt.使习惯be accustomed to sth.习惯于某事accustom oneself to sth./doing sth.使自己习惯于be accustomed to hard work 习惯于艰苦的工作This is his accustomed hour to go to bed.这是他就寝的惯常时间。We have get accustomed to living in an airconditioned room.我们对生活在有空调的房间已习惯了。You must learn to accustom yourself to hard work.你必须学会习惯于艰苦的工作。be/get used to (doing) sth.be in the habit of (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事I am already used to getting up early now.现在我习惯早起了。7.Children quickly get_to new surroundings.Aaccustomed BaccusableCaccountable Dacquainted【解析】本题是词义辨析题。accustomed to意义是“习惯于，适应于”，accusable意思是“可指责的”，常用于accusable of；accountable指“负有责任的”，用做accountable for “对负责”或accountable to sb.for sth.向某人说明；acquainted 了解，熟悉；acquainted with 与相识，故选A，句意是“孩子们很快就会适应新环境”。【答案】Ago link v变得 goadj.是一种系表结构，go在此结构中的意思为“变得；变为；变成”。go blank 发呆，黯然go mad发疯go hungry挨饿go bad变坏go grey (头发)变白go wild/crazy变得疯狂go blind失明go bankrupt破产Suddenly my mind went blank.突然我的脑子里一片空白。Hearing the bad news，his mind went blank.听到这个坏消息，他的脑子里一片空白。go与become用法比较：go表示“变为，变成”时一般指由好变坏；become可表示由好变坏，也可表示由坏变好。Things are going from bad to worse.情况越来越糟。8.The traffic lights_green and I pulled away.Acame BgrewCgot Dwent【答案】Dadapt v(使)适应；(使)适合adapt to sth./sb.适应某物/某人adapt sth./sb.to sth./sb.使某物/某人适应某物/某人adapt oneself to.使自己适应某事adapt from.根据改写/改编adapt.for.把改编成When he moved to Canada，the children adapted to the change very well.他移居加拿大后孩子们能很好地适应变化。This novel has been adapted for radio from the Russian original.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。adjust (oneself) to适应be suited to适应/适合He is suited to this job.他适合这份工作。9.The foreigners from Canada adapted themselves_the hot weather.Ato BintoCon Dabout【解析】adapt.to.使适应，固定结构。【答案】Arange vi.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；分布；涉及；n.幅度；范围；射程range from.to.在之间变化range over涉及within range of vision在视野之内be in/within range在射程以内be out of/beyond range超出射程；在射程之外a very wide range of interests 广泛的兴趣a narrow range of knowledge狭窄的知识面This plant ranges from France to Italy.这种植物分布于法国至意大利。The discussion ranged over various problems.那次讨论曾谈到种种问题。The houses are sold out within this price range.在这个价位范围内的房子已售完。beyond (out of)/within (ones) reach手不能及/伸手可及Put your dictionary within (your) reach.把词典放在伸手能够得着的地方。10.The prices of beer_from 50 cents to$4 per liter during the summer season.Aaltered BrangedCseparated Ddiffered【解析】句意为：夏季每升啤酒价格从50美分到4美元不等。range from.to.为固定搭配，意为“从到不等”。相似的动词搭配还有：vary from.to.如：Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.对于这件事，人人意见不一。alter局部的或微小的改动，变动；separate分离，分裂；differ不同，区别于。【答案】Burge vt.催促；力劝；强烈要求；n.强烈的欲望；冲动；迫切要求urge sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事urge o doing sth.urge sb.on鼓励某人urge that sb.(should) do.(从句用虚拟语气)It is urged that.有人主张in urgent need 急需They urged us to give our support.他们敦促我们给予支持。I had a sudden urge to tell the boss what I thought of him.我突然非常想告诉老板我对他的看法。have a desire for sth./to do sth.急切希望desire (sb.) to do sth.请求/渴望(某人)做某事desire that sb.(should) do sth.请求/渴望He desires that you (should) see him at once.他请求你立刻去见他。11.They urged that the library_open during the vacation.Abe kept Bwould be keptChad kept Dwas kept【解析】urge的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即其从句中的谓语动词应用“(should)动词原形”。keep同the library之间存在被动关系。【答案】Apace n一步，速度；v.踱步，慢步keep pace withkeep up with跟上set the pace定步速show ones paces显示自己的才能at the pace of.以的速度The fence is 10 paces from the house.栅栏离房子十步之遥。I cant walk at that pace.我不能以那个速度行走。The horse was too weak to keep pace with the others.这匹马虚弱得跟不上其他的马了。The lion paced the floor of his cage restlessly.狮子烦躁地在兽笼里走来走去。take a walk散步at the speed of以速度He dislikes taking a walk after supper，doesnt he?他不喜欢晚饭后散步，对吗？12.They walked_a quick pace to meet the deadline.Ato BatCwith Din【答案】Binstruct vt.教；指导；指示instruct sb.in在某方面指导某人instruct sb.to do sth.指示某人做某事instruct that sb.(should) do sth.指示She instructed me in the use of the telephone.她教我使用电话。Those boys were instructed to wait there.那些男孩被通知在那儿等。Our teacher instructed that we hand in our papers after class.老师命令我们下课后把试卷交上去。instructor n辅导员，讲师instruction n教授；指导；(pl.)用法说明(书)操作指南instructive adj.说明性的，指示性的，有教育意义的The ministers visit to the prison was not instructive.这个牧师这次探监没有什么有益的贡献。13.You should read the_in the car repair manual (手册) carefully before you start to work on it.Ainstruction BinstructionsCintroductions Dexplanations【解析】instructions意为“用法说明书”。【答案】Bassume vt.假定，假设；担任(职务、任务等)，承担(责任)；呈现(情况)assume.to be/as.认为是assumen.认为；担任assume that.认为，假定 The problem is beginning to assume massive proportions.问题开始呈现出其严重性。assumption n假定；假想；担任(任务等)；承担make an assumption 作出假定，认为on the assumption that 在假定的情况下A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the Third World.许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。Im working on the assumption that the money will come through.我是在假定能拿到钱的情况下工作。14.句型转换I assumed that he was well qualified for the position.I_that he was well qualified for the position.【答案】made an assumptionto a certain extent 在某种程度上to some extentto a certain extent 在某种程度上to a great/large extent 在很大程度上to such an extent/to the extent that.达到如此的程度/达到的程度To a certain extent it was my fault that we lost the contract.在某种程度上，我们丢掉合同是我的错。These policies are to a large extent responsible for the regions economic decline.在很大程度上，这些政策是地区经济衰退的主要原因。Violence increased to the extent that residents were afraid to leave their homes.暴力事件增多到令居民不敢出门的程度。在这个短语中，可以用degree代替extent。To what degree has the work proceeded？工作进展如何？15.The success of a marriage depends on the extent_which you are prepared to work at it.Ato BinCon Dof【答案】Aset off出发；动身set out 与set off都作“动身，出发”解，表示“动身去某地”时，后面接介词for。Have they set out for the front？他们出发去前线了吗set的短语归纳：be set in.(故事)发生在；以为背景set about sth./doing sth.着手(开始)做某事set out to do sth.着手(开始)做某事set aside储蓄；留下；放在一边，搁置set fire to.set.on fire放火烧set free释放set offset out动身，出发set sail扬帆起航，起航set up竖起，立起，支起；建立，成立The film is set in the 17th century Spain.这部电影以17世纪的西班牙为背景。16.Her second novel，The Mountain Lion，_Colorado where she grew up.Awas set in Bwas taken place inChappened Doccurred【解析】本题考查固定短语be set in.“发生在；以为背景”的用法。take place没有被动语态；happen，occur是不及物动词，不能接宾语，故B、C、D不合题意。【答案】Atend to经常做，倾向于tend to do sth.倾向于，经常做tend (to) sb./sth.照料某人；关照某物tend upwards升高tend downwards下降Janet tends to get very angry if you disagree with her.如果你不顺着珍妮特，她往往容易大发脾气。Interest rates are tending upwards.利率还在上升。The nurse skillfully tended the soldierswounds.这位护士熟练地护理那些士兵的伤口。have a tendency to/towards有的趋势/倾向tendentious adj.有强烈倾向性的Now the prices have a tendency to going up.目前物价有上涨的趋势。17.完成句子I_(倾向于) think thats not a good solution.【答案】tend toI decided that it was time I became an Internet user.我决定到了我成为一名因特网使用者的时候了。该句中It is/was time (that).表示“是的时候了”。Its time that.句型中，从句谓语动词多用虚拟语气形式。这种结构中的谓语动词的过去式有时也可用“should动词原形”，在日常交际中，通常用Its time for sb.to do sth.替代上述结构，不过用虚拟语气的结构要委婉客气些。It is time for sb.to do sth.到某人做某事的时候了It is time for (doing) sth.到了(做)时间了Its time I went and picked up my little girl from school.我该去学校接我的小女儿了。Its time you should do cleaning.到了你打扫卫生的时间了。This/It/That is the first/second/third.last time that.这是某人第一次(二次，三次最后一次)干某事。在这个固定句式中，当主句中为is时，从句中用现在完成时；如主句为was时，从句用过去完成时。That was the first time (that) they had been together.那是他们第一次在一块。This is the third time that we have held gettogether parties after graduation.这是我们毕业后第三次举办联谊会。18.They cant be working now.Its time they_the office.Aleft Bwould leaveCcould leave Dhave leave【答案】AI shouldnt have been so difficult at school，but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.我本不应该在学习上如此困难，但是这可能是由于我缺乏自信所致。should have done 表示“应该做了某事而没做”。You should have passed the exam.你应该通过考试的。情态动词have done可用来表示对过去的推测。(1)neednt have过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于didnt need to do，译为“其实没必要做”。(2)ought to have过去分词，表示动作按理应该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该”，与should的完成式含义类似。(3)could have过去分词，表示过去本能够做但却未做，译为“本能够”。The little tree is dead.You neednt have watered it so much yesterday.小树死了，本来你昨天不必浇那么多的水。19.He shouldnt _ there so early.Nobody wa