八年级英语外研版上册(考点剖析+典题精讲).doc

唐人街（中国）教育连锁机构初中英语考点剖析与典题精讲系列一单词典句考点translate v. 翻译【经典例句】This novel translates well.【考点聚焦】1)注意常用搭配:o./o.把译成;translate.for.为翻译2)派生词:translation n. 翻译;translator n.翻译者【活学活用】Can you translate this letter from German English?A.toB.asC.inD.intorepeat v. 重复【经典例句】Dont repeat the mistake.【考点聚焦】同义词辨析:repeat 意为“重复一遍,再说一遍”,相当于say.again;say 指“说什么(说的内容)”;speak 指“说某种语言”;tell 指“告诉”,常用于tell sb.to do sth.结构中;talk 指“谈论”,常用于talk to/with sb.和talk about sth.结构中。【活学活用】Sorry,I cant catch you.Could you it again?A.repeatB.sayC.tellD.speakmistake n. 错误【经典例句】He often makes spelling mistakes.考点1)注意常用搭配:make mistakes 犯错误;correct mistakes 改正错误;by mistake 错误地。2)mistake 还可用作动词,意思是“弄错,误解,把误认为”,常用在mistake.for.结构中,如:We often mistake Lucy for Lily.我们经常把露茜误认成莉莉。【活学活用】Whats wrong?I a big mistake in my homework.A.madeB.tookC.didD.gavemessage n. 信息【经典例句】I have sent mother a message to tell her I will go home late.【考点聚焦】1)注意常用搭配:send a message to.发送消息给;leave a message to.给留个话;take a message to.捎信给2)近义词:news 新闻、消息,是不可数名词。【活学活用】There is a (news,message) for you on the table.else adj.& adv.其他【经典例句】No one else but Sam saw the accident.【考点聚焦】1)近义词:other adj.其他的2)else用在疑问词之后,如:What else do you want to say?你还想说什么?它还常用在不定代词之后,如:Id like something else.我想要点别的东西。【活学活用】What else do you want to buy?What would you to buy?Excellentadj. 卓越的【经典例句】Zhang Yining is an excellent ping pong player.【考点聚焦】同义词辨析:excellent既可形容物,又可形容人,如:excellent work 出色的工作;wonderful只用来形容物,“极好的,令人愉快的”,如:a wonderful place 一个好地方。【活学活用】6.根据句意和首字母提示完成单词Lets have a rest.Thats e.Im tired.improve I v.提高【经典例句】This is not good enough.I want to improve it.【考点聚焦】improve 在句中用作及物动词,如:The people all over the world should improve the environment.watchn.手表;v. 看【经典例句】 Would you like to watch the World Cup on TV with me?【考点聚焦】1)watch作名词,其复数为watches。2)watch作动词,后常接电视、比赛等,有“观望、观看、欣赏”之意。3)同义词辨析:look at强调“看”的动作;see强调“看”的结果,看见;read指看书、报纸、地图、杂志。【活学活用】7.选词并用其适当形式填空watch/see/read/look at1)Please the blackboard.2)Have you him recently?3)Look!He English in the classroom.4)Tim Animal World on TV at that time.Yourself pron. 你自己【经典例句】You told me the story yourself.【考点聚焦】反身代词表示某人自己,单数的有myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself;复数的有 ourselves,yourselves,themselves。【活学活用】Help (随便吃点儿) some fish,children.breathn.呼吸【经典例句】Take a deep breath,and then you may feel relaxed.【考点聚焦】1)派生词:breathe v.呼吸2)注意常用搭配:hold ones breath屏住呼吸;out of breath气喘吁吁;under (ones) breath 压着嗓音。如:How long can you hold your breath?你能屏住气多长时间?Wish n.祝愿【经典例句】The girl got her wish.【考点聚焦】1)注意常用搭配:best wishes to sb.表示“向某人致以祝福”,best wishes for+节日,表示“祝福节日快乐”。如:Best wishes to you for Teachers Day!祝你教师节快乐!2)wish还可用作动词,意思是“祝愿,但愿”,常用在wish sb.to do sth.结构中,如:Do you wish me to leave now?你要我现在就走吗?I wish I were a bird.但愿我能变成一只鸟。3)同义词辨析:hope(希望) to do sth.但不能说 hope sb.to do sth.。【活学活用】He hopes me to go to the party tomorrow. 答案：hopeswishes Togetheradv. 一起,共同【经典例句】The children played together in the street.【考点聚焦】1)together 是副词,常用于动词之后,如:get together集合;2)常见搭配:all together 一起，同时，总共;together with 和,连同。【活学活用】补全句子We should (一起工作) to build our country.write down 写下,记下【经典例句】Id like to write down what the teacher said.【考点聚焦】1)同义词组:put down,要注意这里的down是副词,代词要放在中间。2)要记住以down为中心的一些短语:turn down 关小,把(音量)调低sit down 坐下lie down 躺下fall down 跌倒go down 下沉,沿着走slow down 放慢速度look down upon 轻视,看不起walk down 沿着走【活学活用】1) the radio,please.Its too loud.2) the street until the end of it,and youll find the cinema.3)He Lees telephone number in the newspaper.【经典例句】He asked his father for ten yuan.【考点】1)可以是ask for sth.要求得到某物,如:ask for advice 请求建议;ask for money 要钱。2)可以是ask sb.for sth.向某人要某物,如:ask her parents for a bike 向父母要一辆自行车。【活学活用】You can your teacher some advice about it.A.help；withB.ask；toC.tell；aboutD.ask；forenjoy yourself 过得快乐【经典例句】Did you enjoy yourself at the party?【考点聚焦】1)enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事2)同义短语:have fun doing sth./have a good time【活用】They enjoyed themselves last weekend.Last weekend they .all the time 总是,一直【经典例句】He walks to school all the time.【考点聚焦】1)同义词:相当于always,用作时间状语。2)all the time常用于句末,而always常用于句中。【活学活用】选择恰当的短语填空now and then/all the time1)Wei Ming comes to school first .2)Li Ming is a lazy student.He does his homework .句子剖析拓展 Why dont you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?你为什么不在错误旁边写上正确的拼写和语法呢?【剖析】1)这是一个提建议的句型,Why dont you.?意思是“为什么不呢?”2)next to是一个介词短语,意思是“在的旁边”。【拓展】1)Why dont you.?的同义句型是Why not.?2)其他提建议的句型见下面的语法剖析。Its a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.1)句中it 是形式主语,后面的动词不定式短语to check your vocabulary notebook 真正的主语。2)其句型是:It+be+adj./n.+to do sth.【拓展】 类似句型还有:It is ones duty to do sth.;It is important for sb.to do sth.;It is not necessary for sb.to do sth.等等。Many people are shy when they speak English,so before you begin,take a deep breath and smile!许多人说英语时会害羞,所以你开始说之前,深呼吸并微笑。【剖析】1)这是一个so连接的并列句。2)前半部分含有when引导的时间状语从句,后半部分含有before引导的时间状语从句。 时间状语从句除由when和before引导外,还可由while,after,until,as soon as等来引导。And when youre shopping,how about counting the English words,or saying the English names for everything you see?你在买东西时,数数英语单词或说说你所见到的物品的英语名称怎么样?【剖析】1)这是个含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句。2)How about.?是一个提建议的句型,意思是“怎么样?”【拓展】1)How about.?的同义句型是What about.?其后可接名词、代词或动名词。2)其他提建议的句型见下面的语法剖析。语法剖析 提建议的几种表达方法本单元出现了很多诸如 “You should speak more English in class.”“How about writing down your mistakes?”“Why dont you write the correct words next to the mistakes?”的句子,这些句子都是用来提建议的,那它们该如何使用呢?请看如下表格:句型意思举例You should/shouldnt.你应该/不应该You shouldnt copy others homework.How/What about.?怎么样?What about going for a picnic?Why dont you/Why not.?为什么不?Why not ask the teacher for help?Dont forget.别忘了Dont forget to read an English story.Try to.努力Try to remember ten words a day.Try not to.尽量不要Try not to look up the words in a dictionary while reading.Shall we.?我们好吗?Shall we go to see Mr.Black?Lets.让我们吧。Lets listen to music and films in English.Youd better (not).你最好(不要)Youd better not play with fire.典题精讲 经典题型例1（2010中考）Would you mind if I close the window? .A.With pleasureB.Yes,please C.Of course not D.Thats a good idea例2（2010中考）This backpack doesnt look smart.Could you show me one?A.the otherB.others C.otherD.another例3（2010中考）You speak English very well.You must have a good English teacher.But no one taught me.I learned it all by .A.meB.IC.mineD.myself 例4（2010中考）Fathers Day is coming.Im going back home to see my father. .A.Give my best wishes to himB.Its very kind of youC.Say goodbye to him,pleaseD.See you soon例5（2010潍坊中考）People everywhere celebrate(庆贺) the New Year. is a time to say goodbye to the past and to think about new beginnings.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.Such原创题，只用一次dont forgethow aboutshouldtry toyoud betterwhy dontHi Rose,I like English very much,but my grades are not very good.What should I do to improve my English?From Liu ChangHello Liu,Id like to hear that you like English very much.You want to improve your English.Then you 1 always practice your listening,speaking,reading and writing.2 listen for the important words,not every word.Reading English stories is also good for you.If you are not interested in it,3 watching Englishlanguage movies?4 to take grammar notes in class.Then try to use the grammar to write your own sentences.Finally,I know we have “English Corner” in our school,so 5 you join it to practice speaking?Whats more,6 keep a diary in English every day because its a good way to improve your writing.Best wishes,Rose巧学法园地 巧记英语学习方法学英语,四能力,听说读写要牢记。听力要听关键词,说话不要怕出错。读杂志,看电影,不要总想查单词。学语法,记笔记,多造句,多练习。写作也得加把劲,勤学苦练见成绩。学习方法须可取,考试才能争第一。Where is Love? How can we find Love?Once a little boy wanted to meet Love. He knew it was a long trip to where Love lived, so he got his things ready with some pizzas and drinks and started off. When he passed three streets, he saw an old woman sitting in the park and watching some birds. She looked very hungry. The boy gave her a pizza. She took it and smiled at him. The smile was so beautiful that he wanted to see it again, so he gave her a Coke. She smiled once again. The boy was very happy.They sat there all the afternoon, eating and smiling, but they said nothing. When it grew dark, the boy decided to leave. But before he had gone more than a few steps, he turned around, ran back to the old woman and gave her a hug. The woman gave him her biggest smile ever.When the boy opened the door of his house, his mother was surprised by the look of joy(快乐)on his face and asked what had made him so happy. “I had lunch with Love. She has got the most beautiful smile in the world.” At the same time, the old woman,s son was also surprised at his mother,s pleasure and asked why.“I ate a pizza in the park with Love,” she said, “and he is much younger than I expected.”If the world is full of love, we can enjoy a better life.1.When the little boy saw the old woman, she was .A. looking for a seat in the park B. passing the streetC. looking at some birds D. having a pizza2.The little boy gave the old woman a Coke because .A. the old woman still felt hungry B. he wanted to see the smile againC. he didn,t like the drink D. the old woman paid him for it3.The old woman gave the little boy the biggest smile .A. after the little boy went home B. before it grew darkC. when she was drinking Coke D. after the little boy hugged her4.The boy,s mother was surprised to see her son was very when the door opened.A. pleased B. sad C. unhappy D. angry5.Which of the following is TRUE?A. The little boy failed to find Love.B. Both the little boy and the old woman found what they wanted at last.C. The little boy decided never to go home.D. The old woman gave the little boy a hug to thank him. II Dick was born in a poor family. His father had a small boat and went fishing in the morning and sold the fish in the market in the afternoon. Then he bought some food for his family. When winter came, they were often hungry. One morning the hungry man fell into the river and wasnt found. Dicks mother left her three-year-old son without saying good-bye. His aunt had to look after him.Twenty years passed. Dick became a tall, strong man. He found work on a farm. He worked hard and wanted to get more money. He often went to see his aunt with some nice presents. The woman was very happy but one day she died in a traffic accident. The young man was very sad. After he buried her, he decided to buy a beautiful tombstone(墓碑)for her. He went to town and came in a shop, but all the tombstones were too expensive. He asked, “Do you sell an old tombstone, sir?” “Yes, we do, sir, ” answered the shopkeeper. “Is it as expensive as the new one?”“No, its much cheaper,” said the man. “But another name was engraved (刻) on it.” “It doesnt matter, ” said Dick. “My aunt couldnt read. ”1.If , the family members were hungry.A. Dicks father could catch no fish in winter B. Dicks father had a boat in winterC. Dicks father had to look after him in winter D. no food was sold in winter2.The woman had to look after Dick because .A. she was rich B. his father asked herC. she was kind-hearted D. the boy loved her3.Dick wanted to get more money to .A. marry a wife B. give his aunt nice presents C. buy a farm D. build a house4.Dick often went to see his aunt because .A. she felt lonely B. she was often ill C. she had no children D. with her help he grew up5.Dick wanted to buy an old tombstone because .A. he had enough money to buy a new oneB. his aunt couldnt read whose name was engravedC. his aunt wasnt going to mind it D. nobody knew what his aunts name was III One day Jacks wife was cleaning out a closet（壁橱）.“Look at all these umbrellas,” she said to Jack. “There are eight and they are all broken.”“Ill take them to the umbrella shop and have them mended,” Jack said.Jack took the eight umbrellas to the shop and left them there. “Theyll be ready tomorrow,” the shopkeeper said.That evening Jack went home from the office by bus as usual. He sat next to an old woman. She had an umbrella on the floor near her.When the bus reached his stop, he picked up her umbrella and stood up. “Hey!” the woman said. “Thats my umbrella!”“Im sorry,” Jack said, and at the same time he gave the umbrella to her. “I wasnt thinking. Please excuse me.”The next day he got back the umbrellas from the umbrella shop and got on the bus.As he sat down, a voice behind him said, “You certainly have a successful day!”He turned around and saw the woman whose umbrella had almost been taken by him the day before.1.Jacks wife found umbrellas in the closet.A. eight broken B. broken eight C. eight new D. new eight2. had the broken umbrellas mended in the umbrella shop.A. Jacks wife B. Jack C. The shopkeeper D. The old woman3.That evening the old womans umbrella was almost taken by . A. the shopkeeper B. Jacks wife C. Jack D. the driver4.The next day Jack saw the woman . A. in the shop B. at home C. on the train D. on the bus5.Which of the following is True? A. Jack had an umbrella shop. B. The womans umbrella was Jacks. C. The woman thought Jack was a thief.D. Jack bought eight umbrellas from the shop again. IV.We,ve Moved!Please come to the party in our new house.8:00pm.on November 5Betty and JackAdd:31 Station StreetTel:342-1525E-mail:Must Sell $275Best washing machineOnly 6 months oldOwner going abroadCall Mike GreenAdd:10 Park StreetTel:342-2691E-mail:Smith,s Book ClubNew and old booksOver 1,000 kindsGood coffee and teaOpen every day 10:00 to 22:00Add:15 North StreetTel:342-7391 or 342-7350E-mail:1.If you want to go to Betty and Jack,s party, you can call .A.342-1525 B.342-7391 C.342-2691 D.342-73502.Mike Green has to sell his washing machine because .A. he wants to buy a new one B. he will go abroadC. he wants to buy a new house D. There,s something wrong with it3.Smith,s Book Club is open a day.A.8 hours B.10 hours C.12 hours D.20 hours4.If you want to read some books, you can go to .A.31 Station Street B.15 North Street C.10 park Street D.15 Apple Street5.You can use the e-mail mikegreenhotmail. com if you want to .A. read some books B. go to a family party C. drink some good coffee D. buy a washing machineV.If you come to London for the first time now, you,ll see a lot of buses and cars on the road, you,ll also see a lot of bikes because nowadays more and more people travel by bike.There are a lot of reasons for this. First, it,s very cheap to use a bike, and it,s quick