translation导游英语翻译.doc

TranslationUnit11.The Temple of Heaven (天坛) is the largest intact alter temple(坛庙) of China. The Temple of Heaven used to be a place where emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshiped and offered sacrifices to Heaven（祭天）to pray for good harvests and fine rain（五谷丰登、风调雨顺）.译:天坛是中国现存最大、保存最完好的坛庙。是明清两代皇帝每年祭天、祈祷五谷丰登、风调雨顺的地方。2The Fragrant Hill（香山）looks very much like a censer（香炉）, often girdled (环绕) by wisps of spiraling (缭绕) mist as if it were giving out incense-smoke hence it was called the “Censer Hill”(“香炉山”). Later, it was shortened as the “Fragrant Hill”.译：香山因其形状似香炉，周围常常云雾缭绕，看起来犹如香烟弥漫。因此人们便称之为香炉山，简称香山。3.The Beihai Park (北海公园) is located to the west of the Jingshan Park (景山公园) . The existence of the park can be traced back to the mid-eleventh century when a temporary royal residence named “Yaoyu”(瑶屿) was built here during the Liao Dynasty.译：北海公园位于景山公园的西面，早在11世纪中叶，辽代就在这里建立瑶屿行宫。4.故宫（Former Imperial Palace）,也称紫禁城（Purple Forbidden City），位于北京市的中心，是明清两朝的皇宫。译：Located in the center of Beijing, the Former Imperial Palace , also known as the Purple Forbidden City , was the royal palace for the Ming and Qing dynasties.5.天安门广场(Tiananmen Square ) 位于北京市的中轴线（central axis）上，是北京的标志性建筑（symbolic architecture）.译：Located on the central axis of Beijing, the Tiananmen Square is the symbolic architecture of Beijing.6. 颐和园（Summer Palace）是清朝皇家用的避暑行宫（summer resort）, 是中国现存规模最大、保存最为完好的古代园林建筑。译：Being a summer resort of the Qing royal family, the Summer Palace is the most intact ,the best preserved and the largest of its kind of the classical gardens in China.Unit 21. The Qiaos Compound (乔家大院) occupies an area of some 8724 square meters and consists of 6 main courtyards（大院） , which house 20 minor ones.译：乔家大院占地8724平方千米，分6个大院，内套20个小院。2.The sculptures of Yungang Grottoes absorbed (吸取)the India Buddhist art and developed traditional Chinese sculpture art（雕刻艺术）.译：云冈石窟雕刻吸收了印度佛教艺术，发展了中国传统雕刻艺术。3.Of all the Temples of City God (城隍庙) in China, the one in Pingyao is unique(别具一格) because it is made up of three different temples.译：在中国的城隍庙中，平遥城隍庙别具一格，由三个不同的庙宇组成。4.五台山是中国四大佛教名山（famous Buddhist Mountain）,文殊菩萨（Manjusri Bodhisattva）的道场。译：Mount Wutaishan is one of the four famous Buddhist Mountains in China, where Manjusri Bodhisattva performed the Buddhist rites.5.云冈石窟（Yungang Grottoes）是中国三大石窟群（cave clusters）,位于大同市（Datong City）以西约15公里。译：Yungang Grottoes, one of the three major cave clusters in China, is located about 15 kilometers west of Datong City.6.平遥城墙上有观敌楼（watchtower）72处，垛口（battlement）3000个，据说代表孔夫子贤人七十二，弟子三千。译：According to the legend, the 72 watchtowers of the city wall of Pingyao represent 72 people of great wisdom; the 3000 battlements represent the 3000 disciples of Confucius.Unit 31.Mount Taishan was known in ancient times as Daishan(岱山) and revered as the East Sacred Mountain (东岳) in the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋时期)。译：泰山古称岱山，春秋时期被尊为东岳。2.The scenic area boats of 22 groups of ancient architectures ,97 ancient remains (古遗址)，819 commemorative stone tablets (碑碣) and 1800 inscribed rocks.译：景区现有古建筑群22处，古遗址97处，历代碑碣819块，历代石刻1800余处。3. A large number of scenic spots were given names since ancient times, They include 112 peaks, 18 rock caves(岩洞), 102 streams and valleys (溪谷)，56 pools and waterfalls(潭池瀑布)，64 springs.译：许多景点自古得名。山峰有112座，岩洞18处，溪谷102条，潭池瀑布56处，山泉64处。4.曲阜（Qufu）位于山东省中部，泰山之南。公元前11世纪为鲁国（the State of Lu）都城，也是儒学(Confucianism)的始祖（founder）孔子的故乡。译：Located south of Mount Taishan in central Shandong Province, Qufu was the capital of the State of Lu during the 11th century BC and also the home of Confucius, the founder of Confuciasm.5.蓬莱阁（Penglai Pavilion）在山东半岛（Shandong Peninsula）蓬莱市丹崖山上，离烟台（Yantai City）约70公里。据说秦始皇曾遣方士（alchemist）到此求长生药（longevity herbs）.译:Penglai Pavilion, or Pavilion of Immortals, is located on Mount Danya in Penglai City of Shandong peninsula, approximately 70 kilometers from Yantai City. It is said that Emperor Qin Shihuang once sent his alchemists to come here to seek the longevity herbs.6.铜亭（Bronze Pavilion）又名“金阙”（Jin Que or Golden Tower）。铸工精细，造型优美，反映了我国古代工匠冶炼（metallurgy）技术和翻砂工艺（casting technique）的高超水平。译：Bronze Pavilion is also known as Jin Que , or Golden Tower. Its splendid craftsmanship and beautiful shape reflect the high level of metallurgy and casting technique attained by ancient Chinese craftsmen.Unit 41. Situated on the southern bank of the Yellow River(黄河)，the city of Kaifeng(开封) covers an area of 350 square kilometers . It was one of Chinas six great ancient capital cities (古都) with a history of about 3000 years.译:开封市位于黄河南岸，面积350平方公里，是我国6大古都之一，有近3000年的历史。2. The ancient city of Luoyang(洛阳) is known as the “Capital lf Nine Dynasties” (“九朝古都”).Luoyang today is not only a cradle of the ancient culture ,but also a newly-emerging industry city(新兴工业城市)，as well as a tourist resort which allures(吸引) tourists from both at home and abroad.译：古都洛阳以“九朝古都”闻名于世。如今的洛阳不仅是古代文化的摇篮，而且是一个新兴工业城市，也是吸引中外游客的旅游胜地。3. Anyang(安阳) is known as Chinas capital of ancient civilization because of the inscribed bones and tortoise shells (甲骨文)，and the bronze wares (青铜器) unearthed un the Yin Ruins (殷墟) northwest of the city.译：由于在城西北的殷墟发掘出了甲骨文和青铜器，安阳因为被称为中国古代文明之都。4. 龙门石窟（Longmen Grottoes）奉先寺（Fengxian Temple）雕像已基本摆脱了（cast aside）以往宗教的神秘色彩，明显地显现了民俗化（worldly ways）的趋势。译：The sculptures at the Fengxian Temple of the Longmen Grottoes have basically cast aside the myths of religion, showing a trend towards worldly ways.5. 唐代玄奘（Xuan Zang）西域（Western Regions）取经回国后，在白马寺（White Horse Temple）主持佛教，传经讲学（preach the scriptures of Buddhism）。译：In the Tang Dynasty, after he came back from the Western Regions with Buddhist scriptures, Xuan Zang became the abbot of White Horse Temple and preached the scriptures of Buddhism.6. 嵩山（Mount Songshan） 位于河南省登封市（Dengfeng City）,是中国五岳（Wuyue,the Five Sacred Mountains）之中岳。译:Located in Dengfeng City , Henan Province, Mount Songshan is the central one of Wuyue (the Five Sacred Mountains) in China.Unit51. Hefei,the capital of Anhui Province , is situated between the Yangtze and the Huaihe Rivers(江淮之间) and covers an area of 50 square kilometers. 译：安徽省省会合肥位于江淮之间，城区面积50平方公里。2. The old street of Tunxi (屯溪) starts in the west at Zhenghai Bridge (镇海桥)，a stone arch bridge(拱桥) built during the Ming Dynasty , and ends in the east at the inscribed tablet(碑记) of Memorial Archway (牌坊).The length of the street in total is 1.5 kilometers.译：屯溪老街西起明代修建的石拱桥镇海桥，东止牌坊碑记，全长1.5公里。3. Bao Zhengs Memorial Hall（包公祠） is a memorial hall to commemorate(纪念) Bao Zheng (包拯)，an upright official of the Song Dynasty. There stands the statue of Bao Zheng; and Lianquan Ting(Pavilion of Honest and Clear Spring)(廉泉亭).译：包公祠是纪念宋代著名清官包拯的祠堂，祠内有包拯的塑像和廉泉亭。4. 黄山（Mount Huangshan）雄峙（tower）安徽南部，是我国最著名的风景区之一，也是举世闻名的旅游胜地（toursist resort）译：Mount Huangshan towers over over south Anhui Province. It ranks among Chinas best-known tourist resorts and also enjoys a worldwide fame as much.5. 九华山（Mount Jiuhua）自唐代开山建庙（construction of the temples）,以后不断扩建(expansion)。至清朝中叶，寺庙已达300多座。译：The construction of the temples on Mount Jiuhua started in Tang Dynasty and their expansion continued continued in the following dynasties. By the middle of the Qing Dynasty , more than 3000 temples had been built on the mountain.6. 歙县（Shexian County）是我国四大古城之一，城内至今尚有大量明清时的庭园（courtyard and garden）、住宅，被誉为“中国古代建筑的瑰宝（gem）”译：Shexian County is one of the four great ancient cities in China. There still remain a great mumber of ancient courtyards, gardens and residences erected during the Ming and Qing Dynasty , which are praised as “gems of ancient Chinese architecture”.Unit61. Linggu Temple(灵谷寺) was first built in the Liang Dynasty(梁朝). In the temple the Hall of Eternity(无量殿)，otherwise known as the Beamless Hall (无梁殿)，not an inch of wood was used.译：灵谷寺始建于梁代，寺内无量殿不用寸木，故又称“无梁殿”。2. Mount Huangshan has all the charms of landscape in China, while Zhouzhuang boasts of all the beautiful features of Chinese water towns. Zhouzhuang lives up to its fame (名不虚传) as the “First Water Town in China”(“中国第一水乡”).译：黄山集中国山川之美，周庄集中国水乡之美。周庄被誉为“中国第一水乡”，名不虚传。3. The Grand Canal (大运河)is 1794 kilometers long, extending from Beijing to Hangzhou, and joining five water system of Haihe River(海河)，the Yellow River, Huaihe River, the Yangtze and Qiantang Rivers(钱塘江).译：大运河从北京至杭州全长1794公里，连接海河、黄河、淮河、长江和钱塘江5大水系。4. 钟山(Mount Zhongshan)古称“金陵山”（Jinlin Mountain）。因山顶常有紫云萦绕（hover）,东晋时称之为“紫金山”（Purple Gold Mountain）。译：Mount Zhongshan was named Jinlin Mountain in ancient times. It was also called Purple Gold Mountain in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, for purple clouds were often found hovering over its peaks.5. 太湖（Taihu Lake）是我国三大淡水湖（freshwater lake）。湖中大小岛屿48个，连同沿湖的山峰和半岛（peninsula）,号称72峰。译:Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater lake in China. The 48 islands of various sizes in the lake, peninsulas and the peaks along the lakeside make up 72 peaks.6. 苏州位于美丽的太湖旁，由20多个湖环抱而成，向有“东方威尼斯”（“Venice of the East”）。译：Located on the lakeside of the beautiful Taihu Lake, Suzhou is surrounded by more than 20 lakes, and has been reputed as “Venice of the East”Unit71. The Broke Bridge (断桥) now is located at the eastern side of the Bai Embankment (白堤). The snow scene(雪景) of the West Lake enjoys very high praise by people, especially the view of “melting snow at broke bridge”(“断桥残雪”).译：断桥，今位于白堤东端。西湖雪景最是为人称道，而“断桥残雪”又为西湖冬季的一处独特景观。2. On the left of the Yue Feis Tomb(岳飞墓), which was built in 1162, is a temple where the statue of the general is enshrined(祭祀). This is the place where people come and pay respect to the heroic martyr（英烈）.译：岳飞墓建于1162年。墓左侧有岳庙，内奉岳飞塑像，是人们凭吊英烈的纪念地。3. The three stone pagodas on the Santanyinyue Island(三潭印月岛) were first built in the Song Dynasty , and present the wonderful scenery of “one moon in the sky and three reflections in the lake”（“天上月一轮，湖中影成三”）.译：三潭映月岛上的三个石塔始建于宋朝，呈现“天上月一轮，湖中影成三”的奇丽景色。4. 普陀山（Mount Putuo）被称为海天佛国（the Buddhist Kingdom on the Sea）,是中国佛教四大名山之一，位于杭州湾（Hangzhou Bay）以东约100海里（nautical mile）的莲花洋（Lotus Sea）中。译：Mount Putuo, the Buddhist Kingdom on the Sea ,is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. It is located in the Lotus Sea about 100 nautical miles east of the Hangzhou Bay.5. 钱塘江（Qiantang River）大潮是天下奇观（a marvelous spectacle under heaven）,全世界只有巴西亚马逊河（Amazon River）的涌潮（surging tide）可以与之媲美。译：The roaring tide of the Qiantang River is a marvelous spectacle under heaven and only the surging tide of the Amazon River in Brazil can rival it in the world. 6. 从空中俯瞰（overlook）西湖，三潭印月岛形如一个特大的“田”字，呈现出“湖中有岛，岛中有湖”的景色（“a lake within an island and an island within a lake”）。译：Overlooking the West Lake, the Santanyinyue Islet looks like a huge character “Tian”, and features “a lake within an island and an island within a lake”.Unit 81. Huangpu River (黄浦江) cruise in a traditional tourist item in Shanghais tours. It is significant not only because of Huangpu River being Shanghais mother river but also of its collection of the quintessence(精华) of Shanghai scenes.译：黄浦江游览是上海旅游观光中的一个传统旅游项目，它的意义不仅在于黄浦江是上海的母亲河，还在于其融会了上海景观之精华。2. Guyi Garden(古猗园) was first constructed in the Ming Dynasty. Built in a unique style, the garden has exquisite(精致的) towers and pavilions, elegant (巧雅的) studies and long corridors , pebble paths and winding streams, old twisted Chinese scholar trees(槐树)，and precious flowers of all seasons.译：古猗园始建于明代。园内有精致的亭台楼阁、巧雅的小轩长廊、石径曲水、盘槐古树、四季名卉，别具风格。3. Situated in the southwest part of the city, Longhua Temple(龙华寺) is the biggest and oldest temple in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Delta(长江三角洲). It is also one of the major scenic attractions of Shanghai.译：龙华寺位于上海市西南，是长江三角洲下游地区最大、历史最悠久的古寺，上海主要旅游景点之一。4. 东方明珠塔（Oriental Pearl TV Tower）位于上海黄浦江畔，塔高468米，是亚洲第一、世界第三高塔。译：The Oriental Pearl TV Tower,468 meters high, stands by the bank of the Huangpu River. It is the highest TV Tower in Asia and the third highest in the world.5. 豫园(Yuyuan Garden or Garden of Leisurely Repose)位于市区豫园路地同名建筑“豫园”，是上海古典园林的典范(paragon)。译:Yuyuan Garden (Garden or Garden of Leisurely Repose) on the road of the same name in downtown is the paragon of classical gardens of Shanghai.6. 玉佛寺(Jade Buddha Temple)是一座著名佛教禅寺（Zen Buddhist temple）。寺内供奉着玉雕释迦牟尼（Sakyamuni）坐像和卧像各一座。译：Jade Buddha Temple is a well-known Zen Buddhist temple. Two jade statues of Sakyamuni are enshrined. One is in a sitting position, and the other is in a reclining position.Unit91. The present Big Wild Goose Pagoda(大雁塔)is 64.5meters high with seven storeys. The structure of the pagoda is built of brick and wood(砖混结构) in a typical Tang style. It is a masterpiece of the Chinese Buddhist architecture.译：现存的大雁塔为7层佛塔，塔高64.5米，塔体为砖混唐代佛塔风格，为中国佛塔建筑的优秀代表作品。2. The Bell Tower(钟楼) stands in the central if the city of Xian and was built in 1582. The tower is made of timber with tripe eaves (三层檐) and a pavilion roof (四角攒顶) and base in a square shape built of grey bricks.译：钟楼位于西安市中心，建于1582年。基座方形，用青砖砌成为三层檐、四角攒顶的木构建筑形式。3. Famen Temple (法门寺) , located in Fufeng County(扶风县)，Baoji City（宝鸡市），Shaaanxi Provine , is a famous temple for keeping the sariras (舍利) of Sakymuni Buddha(释迦牟尼). Discovered from the crypt(地宫) are a great number of cultural relics of the Tang Dynasty.译：法门寺位于陕西省宝鸡市扶风县，是安放释迦牟尼真身舍利的著名寺院。法门寺地宫中发现了大量唐代文物。4. 陕西历史博物馆（Shaanxi History Museum）馆藏文物（cultural relics）375000件，其中国家一级品762件，国宝18件（national treasures）。译: Shaanxi History Museum has a collection of 375000 pieces cultural relics, 762 of which are the national top-grades and 18 are national treasures.5. 华清池（Huaqing Pools）是西安著名的风景温泉区（spa site），已有3000多年历史。“华清宫”（Huaqing Palace）,亦名华清池，是唐玄宗（Emperor Xuanzong）与杨贵妃（concubine）游乐之所。译:The Huaqing Pools with a history of over 3000 years is a famous spa site in Xian .The Huaqing Palace, also known as the Huaqing Pools, is the place where Emperor Xuanzong and his concubine Lady Yang amused themselves.6. 壶口（Hukou）两岸，苍山挟持（flank）,黄河至此，河床由300多米宽突然收缩(shrink)到50多米。因其形状似一把壶的壶嘴（mouth of a pot）,故而得名。译：Both banks of the Hukou are flanked by green mountains . Where the Yellow River flows here its bed suddenly shrinks from some 300 meters to around 50 meters. As the water-ch