代词的使用.doc

1、 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 代词 不定代词 疑问代词 指示代词2、人称代词：用来表示人、动物或事物的代词。 表示“我，你，他，她，它，我们，你们，他们”。我你他她它我们你们他们主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem单复数单数单数单数单数单数复数复数复数主格一般用在句子开头做主语，通常用在动词前。I am a student. 我是一名学生。They are cleaning the classroom.他们 正在打扫教室。宾格一般用在动词或介词后面做宾语，用来表示动作行为的对象。Ask her, please. 请问她。 Listen to me carefully.仔细听我说。【经典试题】Tom and Mike are good friends._ often help each other. A. They B. Them C. Their D. Theirs 3、物主代词：表示所有关系的代词。我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的它们的形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs单复数单数单数单数单数单数复数复数复数 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，放在名词前做定语。my watch, his cousin, our schoolThis is your book. 名词性物主代词本身就可以看作是名词，可单独使用。名词性物主代词=形容词性无主代词+名词 My bike is broken. May I use yours?(此时，yours=your bike)【经典试题】 The volunteers love _ students in that small village in the west of China.A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 4、反身代词：指动作返回到动作执行者本身或进行强调，主语和宾语是指同一个人或物或同一些人或物。 常与反身代词连用：动词enjoy, dress, hurt, help, teach 等 介词by, in, for, of 等。 She is teaching herself English.她正在自学英语。（教自己英语） We can study English by ourselves. 我们可以自学英语。 Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night? 昨天晚上你在聚会上玩的高兴吗？单复数人称单数复数第一人称myself 我自己ourselves 我们自己第二人称yourself 你自己yourselves 你们自己第三人称himself 他自己 herself 她自己itself 它自己themselves 他、她、它们自己【经典试题】（1）I could look after _ when I was six. A. herself B. myself C. yourself D. himself（2）How was your visit to the World Park in Beijing? Wonderful! We enjoyed _ very much. A. itself B. myself C. yourselves D. ourselves 5、不定代词：不指明所代替的名词，而起到名词或形容词作用的代词。(1)some和any都表示“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。 some多用在肯定句中，any多用在否定句和疑问句中。There are some flowers in the garden. （肯定句）There isnt any milk in the fridge. （否定句）Do you have any hobbies? （疑问句） 在表示邀请和希望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中也要用some。Would you like some coffee? Yes, please. （邀请）Mum, can I have some peaches? Sure.（希望对方给予肯定回答）(2)both和all，neither和either both表示“两个都”，只指代或修饰可数名词。We are both policemen.（强调两人） all表示“三个或三个以上都”，既可指代或修饰可数名词，也可指代或修饰不可数名词。They are all in the room.（至少三人） either是两者之中的任何一个，neither是两者都不。both后加复数名词，neither和either后加单数名词。(3)many和much都表示“许多”，many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词。My uncle has many stamps. There is much tea in the cup.(4)each和every each指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的每个,强调个体，表示“每个，各自的”；every指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每一个，强调整体，表示“每个都”。There are trees and flowers on each side of the street.街道的每一边都有树和花。强调每一边都有。 Every book in his study is interesting. 他书房里的每本书都很有趣。强调所有的都有趣。(5)no one、neither和nonenone指“三者或三者以上都不”，常与of连用，构成none of结构，做主语时谓语动词单复数均可。 None of the books are（is） interesting.none回答以how many/much引导的特殊疑问句；no one回答以who引导的特殊疑问句，none表示数量，no one表示人。 How many students are there in the classroom now?教室里现在有多少个学生？ None.一个都没有。 Who can answer the question?谁能回答这个问题？ No one.没有人。(6)other, the other, another的区别 other 作形容词时意思是“别的，其他的，另外的”，指尚未提到的部分，其后一般接复数名词。而the other后面加单复数都可以。the other+复数名词表示一定范围内“所有其余的人或事物”，是特指；other+复数名词表示没有明确范围的“另外的人或事物”。We study Chinese, English, Maths and other subjects.我们学习语文，英语，数学和其他学科。I have two pens. One is blue. The other (pen) is black.我有两支钢笔，一支是蓝色的，另外一支是黑色的。the other表示“两个数量中的另一个”， another表示“总数为三个以上中任意的另一个”。 His parents both work in a hospital. One is a doctor and the other is a nurse. 他的父母都在医院工作，一位是医生，另外一位是护士。 This shirt is too large for me. Please show me another. 这件衬衫对于我来说太大了，请给我拿另外一件。（商店不只是有两件衬衫）(7)few 和little均表示数量，但用法及表达的意义有所不同。修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词肯定意义a fewa little否定意义fewlittle6、疑问代词：用来表达疑问或构成疑问句的代词，一般放在疑问句的句首。what问什么Whats your name? My name is Tom.What colour问颜色What colour is your coat? Its red.what day问星期What day is it today? Its Monday.what date问日期What date is it today? Its the first of June.what shape问形状What shape is the moon? Its round.whatjob问工作Whats your fathers job? Hes a bus driver.what time问时间What time is it? Its ten oclock.when问时候When is your birthday? Its on the first of May.which问哪个Which is your watch, this one or that one? That one.where问地点Where is my pen? Its on the floor.who问谁Who is the boy with big eyes? Hes Tom.whose问谁的Whose bag is this? Its Helens.why问原因Why are you late today? Im ill.how问方式How do you go to school? By bus.how many问数量How many books are there? There are five.how much问价钱How much is it? Twenty yuan.how old问年龄How old are you? Im twelve.how far问距离How far is it from here? Its about one kilometer.how about问情况Im thirsty. How about you? Me, too.5、指示代词 this（这个）、these（这些）表示在时间上或空间上较近的人或物。 that（那个）、those（那些）表示在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。【课堂训练】一、选出最佳答案1. Tom， Please pass _ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers.A. you B. me C. him D. her2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it.A. a little B. little C. a few D. few3. Do you want _ sandwich？Yes， I usually eat a lot when Im hungry.A. other B. another C. others D. the other4. Which do you want， a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk？_， thanks. Id like a cup of tea.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None5. Oh！ I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.Never mind. You can have _.A. us B. ours C. you D. yours6. Paul has _ friends except me， and sometimes he feels lonely.A. many B. some C. few D. more7. If you want to book a round-trip ticket， youll have to pay _ $ 30.A. more B. other C. the other D. another8. Do you live by yourself， Mr Wang？Yes. I have two sons. But _ of them lives with me. They are now studying in America.A. neither B. both C. none D. either9. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _.A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves10. This is _ classroom. Where is _？A. our; them B. us; they C. our; theirs D. ours; theirs二、用所给代词的适当形式填空。1. This is not my pencil-box. _ （ I ） is in the bag.2. Trees are planted in _ （ we ） country every year， which makes our country more and more beautiful.3. Is that bike Miss Gaos?Yes， it is _（she）.4. Help _ （you） to some fruit， Jack.5. Who taught your brother to swim?Nobody. He learnt