南京大学英语专业毕业论文范文.docx

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南京大学英语专业毕业论文范文Prye-ResurrectionATHESISSUBMITTEDTOTHEDEPARTMENTOFENGLISHOF-UNIVERSITYIARTIALFULFILLMENTOFTHEREQUIREMENTSFORTHEDEGREEOFBACHELOROFARTSBY-CLA:3GRADE:2002SUPERVISEDBY-June2006ContentsChapterOne:Bio-graphyofNathanielHawthorne.P1ChapterTwDepravity-theOriginoftheScarletLetter.P2ChapterThree:HesterPryesResurrection-FromSufferingandRedemptiontoSalvation.P5Conclusion.P10References.P11HesterPrye-ResurrectionAtract:TheScarletLettermakestheAmericanwriterNathanielHawthorneknownallaroundtheworld.HawthorneisapiousChristian,andisdeeplyinfluencedbythetheology.HessomuchindulgedinthereligiousdoctrinethatpeoplecanfindthereflectionoftheGodalmosteverywhereinhisworks.AfterreadingTheScarletLetter,oneismostlyimpreedbytheiritofTheBiblethestorydepicted.Thebookchieflydiscueinandhowtoatoneforit.HesterPryeistheheroineofthefiction.ThiaperresearchesherfatetoillustratetheinfluenceofTheBibletoHawthorne.HesterPryecommitsadulteryandisforcedtowearascarletletter“A”onherbreast.Atthebegiing,sheencountersallkindsofsufferings,bothfromthesocietyandfromherowoul.However,sherealizeshersinandtriesherbesttoatoneforit.Andshedosenotchoosetoavoidherfault.Finally,throughherendeavor,Godforgivesher.Ihort,sinandatoningforsin,thatisthepurposeofthiaper.Keywords:TheScarletLetter.,HesterPrye,TheBible,sinandatonement.摘要：红字使美国作家纳撒尼尔霍桑誉满全球。霍桑是一个虔诚的基督徒，并深受神学的影响。他是如此沉迷于宗教的教义之中，人们几乎可以发现神在他的每部作品中无处不在。读完红字，给人印象最深的莫过于故事描绘的圣经的精神。该书主要讨论了关于罪与赎罪的问题。海丝特白兰是小说的女主人公。本文主要研究她的一生以说明圣经对霍桑的影响。海丝特白兰犯了通奸罪，并被迫在胸口上带一个大写的红色字母“A”。一开始，她遭遇了各种各样的磨难，既有来自社会的也有来自她自己精神上的。然而，她认识到了自己的罪行并尽最大努力去赎罪，并且她并没有选择逃避责罚。最后，通过她的努力，神原谅了她。简言之，本文的主要目的就是罪行以及赎罪。关键字：红字，海丝特白兰，圣经,罪行以及赎罪。ChapterOne:BiographyofNathanielHawthorneWiththepublicationofTheScarletLetterin1850,NathanielHawthornebecameoneofthegreatestwriteratthattimeandbuilthisreputationasamajorAmericanauthor.Sincethattimeon,peoplebegantotakegreatinterestinallaectsofhislifeandagreatmanybiographicalandcriticalstudieshadbeenwrittenabouthimandhisworks.HeisalsobecomingmoreandmorepopularandfamiliarwithChinesereaders.SincetheChinesetralationofThescarletaearedin1950s,scholarsandreadersinthiscountryhaveshownanever-increasinginterestinhisworks.Hawt-hornewaornonthefourthofJuly,1804ialem,Maachusetts.Someofhisancestorswerebigshotsieventeenth-centuryNewEngland,whichwasunderthecontrolofPuritanism.Oneofthemwasacolonialmagistrate,notoriousforhiarticipationinthepersecutionofQuakers,andanotherwasajudgeattheSalemWitchcraftTrailin1692.Gradually,thefamilyfortunedeclined.Hawthornesfatherwasaseacaptain,whodiedinanaccidentandlefthismotherandhimbehindtostruggletoliveforthemselves.YoungHawthornewasquiteawareofthemisdeedsofhiuritanancestors,andthisawarenemadehimbelievethatevilwasatthecoreofhumanlife.Tosomeextent,Hawthornewrotesomeofhiooks,suchasTheScarletLetterandTheHouseoftheSevenGamblestotrytomakeupforthesinofhisancestors.Hawthorneswritingskillscaeconcludedasfollows:Firstly,allhislife,Hawthorneseemstobeindulgedinhieeofsinandevilinlife.Readinghiooks,onecaotbutbeoverwhelmedbytheblackvisionwhichthesebooksreveal.Evilexistsinthehumanheartallthetime.Foritance,intheshortstory,“EarthsHolocaust,”wecanfindthat,thoughallsymbolsoftraditionandthepasthavebeeurnedinthebonfireofthelifeoftheNewWorld,thesourceofevil-thehumanheart,remaiintact.Everyonepoeeomeevilsecretastaleslike“YoungGoodmanBrown”setouttoprove.EveryonetriestocoverupitsiermostevilinthewaytheministerDimmesdaleinTheScarletLettertriestopretendhowpureandpiousheis.Evilseemstobemanirthmark.ThiointofviewisjustaswhatTheBibledescribeeoplesoriginalsin.Secondly,toHawthorne,sinwillsurelygetpunished,onewayoranother.Asamatteroffact,hewaaidtobealwaystroubledbythethoughtthatthedeclineofhisfamilysfortunehadsomethingtodowiththesiofhiuritanancestors.Hawthornedeeplybelievesthat“thewrong-doingofonegenerationlivesintothesucceiveones”(TheHouseoftheSevenGambles).ItisalsointerestingtonotethatHawthornebelievesthatevileducates.WhatHawthorneseemstoproveisthatmancangetexperiencefromthecrimewhichbringsaboutthedisaster.Ihort,totellthetruthandyetnottooffend,thatisallHawthornetriestoachieveinhisworks.“ChapterTwDepravity-theOriginoftheScarletLetterThestorybegiieventeenth-centuryBoston,whichisunderPuritancommand.Ayoungwoman,namedHesterPrye,ientaheadtoAmericabyherhuand-anoldanduglyscholar.However,formanyyears,hedoetarrive.Obviously,itioiblethathehasbeenlostinthesea.Whilewaitingforherhuand,HesterandayounglocalministercalledArthurDimmesdalefallinlovewitheachother.Theycommitadulterysecretly.BecauseofHesterregnancy,thesecretisfinallydiscovered.AccordingtoTheBible,everyoneiinful.Thatistheopinionoftheoriginalsin:whenGodcreatestheworld,HefirstcreatesamancalledAdamandthenawomancalledEve.TheylivehailyintheGardenofEden.Godtellsthemthattheycaneateverykindoffruitinthegardenexceptthoseonthetreeofknowledgeofgoodandevil.Itigatedbytheserpent,thetwocaotcontroltheircuriosityandviolatesGodsorderandeatthefruitsfromthatparticulartree.ThatenragesGod.Fromthattimeon,theybecomesinfulandareexpelledfromtheGardenofEden.However,sindoetstop.ItiaedfromgenerationtogeneratioyreproductionofAdamandEve.Allsucceivegeneratioaretheirdescendantsandthereforeinherittheirsin.Soatthetimeoneiorn,he/shebearsevilandhastherootofcommittingcrime.Accordingtotheprincipleoftheoriginalsin,HesterPryeiotanexception.SheisalsotheoffringofAdamandEve.Theiideofherflowstheirbloodsandsheofcourseinheritstheiroriginalsin.Thuheisasierfromthebegiingofherlife.Arethereanyotherstandardstojudgewhetherapersoniinful?Theaweriositive.Thecriteriohouldnotbethecommoncustom.Itead,itshouldbetheGodtandard.Becauseaccordingtothecommoncustom,itisverydifficulttojudgesometimes.Everybodyisamixtureofvirtueandevilandtheemphasisofeveryoneelfishdesireisquitedifferent.Somecravenlyfeardeath,someclingtowomanscharms,someseekonlyprofitsandsomehankerafterreputation.Somearefrankandhonestandotherlyandcuing.Thereforeitishardtodecidewhoisrightandwhoiswrong.Furthermore,thecommoncustomisrelativeandchanging.Forexample,twentyyearsago,tocommitadulterywasenoughtoruinapersonsfame.However,intodayociety,cohabitatioeforemarriageisuniversal.Besides,althoughsomepeopledilayhighermoralstandardsthanothers,theystillcantgetridofselfishneandavoidcommittingcrime.Ifweadoptsthecriterionofthecommoncustom,althoughweknowthatwearenotiocent,wewillcomfortourselvesthatwemaybeworsethaomepeople,butstillbetterthanothers.ThuswecanonlyuseGodscriteriatodecidewhetherornotapersoniinful.GodscriteriaareTheTenCommandmentsandTheSevenDeadlySi.TheTenCommandments:IamtheLORDyourGod,whobroughtyououtofEgypt,outofslavery.Youshallhavenoothergodeforeme.Youshallnotmakeforyourselfanidolintheformofanythinginheavenaboveorontheearthbeneathorinthewaterelow.Youshallnotbowdowntothemorworshipthem;forI,theLORDyourGod,amajealousGod,punishingthechildrenforthesinofthefatherstothethirdandfourthgenerationofthosewhohateme,butshowinglovetoathousandgeneratioofthosewholovemeandkeepmycommandments.YoushallnotmisusethenameoftheLORDyourGod,fortheLORDwillnotholdanyoneguiltlewhomisuseshiame.RemembertheSaathdaybykeepingitholy.Sixdaysyoushalllabouranddoallyourwork,buttheseventhdayisaSaathtotheLORDyourGod.Onityoushallnotdoanywork,neitheryou,noryoursonordaughter,noryourmaervantormaidservant,noryouranimals,northealienwithinyourgates.ForiixdaystheLORDmadetheheaveandtheearth,thesea,andallthatisinthem,butherestedontheseventhday.ThereforetheLORDbleedtheSaathdayandmadeitholy.Honouryourfatherandyourmother,sothatyoumaylivelonginthelandtheLORDyourGodisgivingyou.Youshallnotmurder.Youshallnotcommitadultery.Youshallnotsteal.Youshallnotgivefalsetestimonyagaityourneighbour.Youshallnotcovetyourneighbourshouse.Youshallnotcovetyourneighbourswife,orhismaervantormaidservant,hisoxordonkey,oranythingthatbelongstoyourneighbour.(Exodus2,14)TheSevenDeadlySi:a)Pride)Lechery;c)Envy;d)Wrath;e)Sloth;f)GluttonObviously,accordingtothesecriteria,HesterPryeisquitesinful.SheiinfulbecauseshedisobeysGodbycommittingadultery.WhenChillingworth-HesterPryeshuandsenthertotheNewWorld,althoughtherewaoloveatallbetweenthecouple,sheshouldntforgetthatshehadalreadygotmarried.Shehadahuand,whowasjustmiingatthattime.However,shecouldnotcontrolherviciousdesireandhadaloveaffairwiththeminister-Dimmesdale.ThatotforgivableaccordingtoCatholicism.ThatsiulttoGod.Thatetrayal!Iuchasituation,HesterPryeforgotGodsitructionandwascompletelydegenerated.SheisablahemetoGod.Sofromtheverydayofhercrime,HesterPryehastobearallthesufferingsthatfollow.Everysinmustbepunished.Allourbehaviorsanddeedscantpaawayeasily.Ourwrong-doingsarehatefulinthattheynotonlydepraveourselves,butalsooffeeothersandeeciallyGod.Hesterehaviorisdisgracefulandsheislookeddownupoyothers.Furthermore,heradulteryaffrontsGod.Godisjustandfair.GodwillnotforgiveyourfaultcarAccordingtoTomWaltson,thenatureofsinisevil:Firstly,sinfouleopleiniotonlyaflaw,butalsoacontamination.Sintosoulisthesameasrusttogold.Itisjustlikeablemishonabeautifulthing.TheBiblecomparessinwith“plague”(1King,8,38).SinfoulsGodsimageandstainthepureofsoul.ItmakesGod“grewwearyof”thesiers(Zechariah,8,11);andwhe