Unit5_What_are_the_shirts_made_of.docx

Unit5 What are the shirts made of?总结人：汪老师1、 重点单词及短语hear about ，hear of ，hear from sb.，the art and science fair，be invited to,special forms of traditional art, from paper to clay to bamboo，turn into，objects of beauty ，according to Chinese history ，send out in trouble，be covered with ，sky lanterns ， paper cutting ，a Chinese fairy tale ，fire at a very high heat，add to,American goods,products in the local shops , everyday things , make high-technology products,bemadeof,bemadein,environmentalprotection ,bemadefrom,befamousfor,beproducedin,beknownfor,asfarasIknow,pickbyhand ,sendfor,allovertheworld,eventhough ,avoiddoingsth,findout,goonavacation,suchas ,becoveredwith,riseinto,assymbolsof,fairytale二、重点词组及语法1、made of. 由制（构）成。后接构成某物质的原料。 This skirt is made of silk.be made of/from/up of的区别be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。The kite is made of paper be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化 学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。The paper is made from wood Butter is made from milkbe made up of 用构成或组成的。指人、物皆可，指结构成分Our class is made up of six groups.be made in 地点 意为“在（地方）制成”； be made by 意为“被（某人）制成(1) 这个飞机模型是用木头做的。The model plane _ _ _wood.(2)葡萄酒是由葡萄酿成的。Wine _ _ _ grapes.(3) 这些汽车是在上海制造的。These cars _ _ _ Shanghai.(4)这些蛋糕是我姐姐昨晚制作的。These cakes _ _ _ my sister last night. 初中英语make短语归纳1.make a decision 作出决定 2.make a plan for 为订计划3.make a record 录制唱片 4.make fun of 取笑某人5.make sentences 造句 6.make a call 打电话7.make a promise 答应；允诺8.make faces 做鬼脸9.make a mistake 犯错误 10、.make friends 交朋友11.make up 编出;编造；组成 12.make a film 拍电影13.make a journey 进行旅行 14.make a study of 对进行研究15 make progress 取得进步16.make use of 利用17.make .into. 把制成18.make a trip 进行旅行19.make no difference 对没有关系；对没有不同20.make a noise 吵闹；发噪音 21.make money 赚钱22.make sure of 确保；确定 23.make up ones mind 下决心24.make sure 务必；确信；务请25、.make tea 泡茶26、.make a success 取得成功 27.make way for 给让路 28. make no answer 不做回答 29. make the bed 铺床 30. make repairs 维修；修理 31. make preparations for 为做准备32.make a joke about sb开的玩笑33. make a mark 作记号 34.make achievements 取得成就 35.make an agreement 达成协议 36.make up for 弥补 37.make a list of 将列表38.make a copy of 将复制一份 39.make room for 为腾地方40.make coffee 煮咖啡 41.make a living 谋生42.make music 创作音乐 43.make trouble 闹事；捣乱 44.make a fire 生火2. produce v. 生产，制造;也可做名词，意思是：产品；产量；产额；结果They produce all kinds of toys in this duce、make和grow的用法1. produce可以表示生产汽车、机器通过制造而获得的产品 producecars/planes生产汽车、飞机，也可以表示生产粮食蔬菜、通过种植而获得的产品 Theyproducewheatandrice.他们生产小麦、稻谷。 2. make 主要指制造工业品；如：makecars/planes制造汽车、飞机； 不能表示通过种植而获得的产品， 不能说makericeandwheat 3. grow种植、栽培；主要指庄稼，农产品；Theygrowwheatandriceeveryyear. 他们每年种小麦水稻。Many of us knows how to _tea, but few knows where tea trees are_. A. make, made B. grow, grown C. produce, grown D. make, grown3. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea. 句型“It seems that”意为“看起来好像/似乎”，其中seem是连系动词，意为“似乎；好像”，句型中的it是形式主语，不能用其他代词来替代。It seems that he was late for the train. seem的几种常见结构1. seem to do sth，此句型可与“It seems that”转换。They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema. 2. seem+形容词My temperature seems (to be) all right.3. seem+名词That seems not a bad idea._ that he was not a bit nervous before the exams. 4、 For example,Anxiand Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.be known for 因。而著名，相当于be famous for；be known as 作为。而著名，相当于be famous as； Her mother is known for her cooking skills.易混辨析：be famous for与be famous as 这两个短语都是“以。而著名”的意思，但它们在含义和用法上有区别：当主语是表示人的名词时，be famous for表示“以某种知识、技能、作品或特征而出名”，be famous as则表示“以某身份而出名”。 Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity. Einstein was famous as a great scientist.当主语是地点名词时，be famous for表示“以某种特点（产品）而出名”；be famous as则表示“以什么样的产地而出名”。 Scotland has many lakes and mountains, and is famous for its beautiful countryside. The area is famous as a green tea producing place.当主语是事物名词时，be famous for表示“以其内容、特征、价值等而被人所知”；be famous as则表示“以某种形式出名”。 This grammar book is famous for its practical usage. This book is famous as a reference book.5、 avoid v. 避免，回避；表示“避免”“回避”“躲避”，本身为及物动词，后接宾语不要误加介词，I think she is avoiding me. 后接动词时要用动名词，不能用不定式。You should avoid mentioning his divorce. Mary tried to walk by the side of the road so that she could avoid getting wet by the running car.It seems that something is wrong with Pam, She is always trying to avoid _my questions. A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered6.No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. 此句为由no matter +特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句。意为“无论.”，相当于whatever.No matter what I said to her, she still didnt believe me.无论我对她说什么，她仍然不相信我。no matter用法no matter常用作连词词组，作“不管”、“无论”解，后接what / who / when等词，引导让步状语从句，主要用于“no matter what / which / who / whose / where / when / how+主句”句型中。我们在运用时，应注意以下几点。 （1）从句的时态no matter what / who / when表示无论在什么条件下进行随意的选择，都会出现主句所发生的情况，因此，从句中可用一般现在时表示未发生的动作。No matter when he comes again，hell be welcome.No matter how many patients come， we shall be able to look after them。 2） 被修饰的名词或形容词、副词的位置 no matter what / which / whose还可以修饰名词，此名词必须紧跟其后，置于从句的主语之前；no matter how修饰形容词或副词时亦如此。No matter whose bag it is， it will be kept here until the owner returns。 Well have to find the job， no matter how long it takes。 3）no matter who， what， when等引导让步状语从句时，可与whoever， whatever， whenever等换用。 No matter who knocks，dont open the door. = Whoever knocks dont open the door。 No matter what problem you have，turn to me.= Whatever problem you have，turn to me。 4）疑问词后的语序都不倒装._(无论是什么麻烦)Jack gets into, he never seems to lose heart.（trouble）英语中表示“花费”的表达（1）sb spend 时间/金钱on sth sb spend时间/金钱 (in) doing sth（2）sb. pay money for sth （3）sth. cost (sb.) +money (注意：cost的主语一定是物，过去式是cost。)（4）It takes/took sb. some time to do sth练习：1. They spend too much time_ the report. A. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write 2. -What beautiful shoes youre wearing! They must be expensive -No，they only_l0 yuan Aspent Btook Cpaid Dcost 3. -Will you please_for my dinner Peter? -Sure! A. spend B. pay C. cost D.take 4. It will _me too much time to read this book. A. take B. cost C. spend D.pay 5.完成那项工作花了他半个小时。It _ _ half an hour to finish the work. 6.How much does the ticket _ from Shanghai to Beijing?AcostBtook Cspend Dpay7.I enjoy playing computer games, but I cant _ too much time _ that.Atake; doing Bspend; doing Cspend; for doing Dtake; to do7.The police are trying to find out where the boy got off the train.find, find out与look forfind，find out和look for都含有“寻找、找到”的意思，但其含义和用法却不同。 find意为“找到、发现”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况，强调的是找的结果。Will youfind mea pen? 你替我找支钢笔好吗？ He didnt find his bike. 他没找到他的自行车。 look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。 I dont find my pen，Im looking for it everywhere.He is looking for his shoes. 。 find out意为“找出、发现、查明”，多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚、弄 明 白”，通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义，指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。 Please find out when the train leaves. Read this passage，and find out the answer to this question.The police is visiting the neighborhood and trying to _the truth of the fact.A. look for B. search C. find D. find out 8、After drying, they are fired at a very high heat. fire 在本句中作动作，意为“烘烤，烧制”；at a very high heat. 意为“在高温下”The steel is fired at a very high heat before it was made into a knife.fire的其他用法一、名词 n. 1.火，不可数句名词；Do you know horses are afraid of fire? 2.炉火;篝火 可数名词The old men sat round the fire chatting.3.射击;炮火;火力； 不可数；The enemy retreated under our heavyfire. 4.火灾 A forest fire left hundreds of people homeless.5.热情;激情 The boy is full of fire and courage. 二、及物动词fire vt. 1.开(枪、炮);将.射向(+at) We fired our guns at the enemy. 2.【口】解雇,开除 He was fired on the spot. 3.激起;使激动(+with)Stories of adventure fire Toms imagination. 4.烘制 Bricks are fired in a kiln. 三、不及物动词vi. 1.开火;射击(+at) They fired at the robbers. 2.起火;燃烧 Damp wood will not fire. 3.激动;突然发怒 He fired up at the remark. 9、 lively adj. 生气勃勃的；(颜色)鲜艳的。Our English teacher often makes his class lively and interesting. alive、live、living和lively的用法 lively 有“活泼的、快活的、生动的”等意思，可以指人或物，可作定语或表语；但它没有“活着的”意思，而其他三个都有。Young children are usually lively. alive、live、living都有“活的、有生命的”意思，与dead意义相反。但live通常只作前置定语，且一般用于动物；alive、living不仅可作定语（alive只能置于名词后，要后置；living一般置于名词前，也可置于名词后），也可以作表语。This is a live(=living) fish.(=This is a fish alive.)这是一条活鱼。（指动物，且作定语时，三者均可用）Whos the greatest man alive(=living man)?谁是当今最伟大的人物？（指人，不能用live）（3）只有living前加the方可表示“活着的人”，作主语时，视作复数。The living are more important to us than the dead.。The story was so _that we all lost ourselves in it. A. live B. alive C. living D. lively10、form n. 形式；类型Playing basketball is one form of physical exercise. Ice, snow and steam are different forms of water. v. 形成；建立A plan began to form in his head.His courage formed an example to us all.11、 The most common things, , are turned into objects of beauty. turn into （使）变成The whole thing turned into a quarrel. Her bitter experience has turned her into a stronger person. turn into = change intoturn 的常见短语：turn up 调高 ； urn down 调低；turn on 打；turn off 关掉turn to 转向；翻到(某页) ；求教于； turn around 环顾四周（ ）The boy is sleeping. Please _ the radio. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on（ ） Its getting dark. Please _ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around（ ）Please _ Page 54 and read Lesson Twelve.A. turn to B. turn into C. turn in D. turn on12.glass玻璃是不可数名词，作玻璃杯是可数名词。13.leaf的复数形式是leaves14.postman的复数形式是postmen15.a pair of gloves 由相同两部分组成，常以复数形式出现的名词小结，如：shoes,socks,pants/trousers,shorts,sunglasses,glasses16.quite,very,rather的区别 1.quite和rather可放在不定冠词a/an之前或之后。Shes quite a beautiful girl. 2.very只能放在不定冠词之后I have a very cute dog. 3.rather可以修饰比较级，而quite和very不能Its rather colder today. 4.只能用quite不能用very的情况：a.修饰动词或者介词短语的时候b.名词前有another，a few等词组修饰时。I quite like this pen. She is quite like her sister.I have quite a few friends. 5.只能用very不能用quite的情况：a.与形容词最高级连用时b.与sorry,much等词连用时 This is the very lowest price. Im very sorry to hear that. 17.both and连接两个主语时，其后面的谓语动词用复数形式18.competitor n.参赛者，竞争者 competition n. 竞赛，比赛compete v.竞赛比赛19.complete v.完成 adj.全部的，完整的 completely adv.完全地，彻底地20.in trouble不可数名词，不用冠词修饰，也无复数形式练习根据汉语意思完成下列句子，每空一词。1. 他的新手机是美国制造的。 His new mobile phone _ _ _America.2. 这台电视机是由工厂的工人们制造的。 The TV set is _ _ the workers in the factory. 3. 这些瓶子是塑料做的。 These bottles are _ _ plastic.4. 面包是小麦做的。 The bread is _ _ wheat. 5. 这种沙拉是用香蕉和苹果做的。 The lad is _ _ bananas and apples.根据句意和提示完成句子。1. You can learn some different _ (形式)of traditional Chinese art in this museum. 2. The students decorated the classroom with colorful _ (气球)。3. Dave is one of the most _ (活泼)students in his school.4. The stone is fired at a very high _ （高温）before it is turned into steel.5. Mr. Wang spent two weeks _ (完成)this painting.被动语态概念理解：语态：在英语语言中，语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动态。语态与时态的关系：在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态时态，他们是分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。如： He is looking after his sister at home.（此句为现在进行时的主动语态结构） He is being looked after well by his parents. （此句为现在进行时的被动语态结构）(一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。The tall boy often hits his classmates （主语boy是谓语动词hit的发出者）被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：amisarespoken 一般过去时：waswerespoken一般将来时：willshall bespoken 现在进行时：amisare beingspoken过去进行时：was/were beingspoken现在完成时：havehas beenspoken过去完成时：had been + spoken（三）被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people.They makethe bikesin the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. A tree was cut down by him.（五）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be过去分词”构成We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.（六）特殊情况1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2.Mother never lets me watch TV .I am never let to watch TV by mother.3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now. （1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now. （2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.（七）被动语态的句型总结：肯定句：主语+be+过去分词+（by ）否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+（by ）一般疑问句：Be +主语+过去分词+（by ）?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be +主语+过去分词+（by ）?下面我们来看一些具体例子-Is the boy called Jack?这个男孩儿叫杰克吗？- Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.是的。/不是。The baby is not looked after by his father .这个小孩儿不由他父亲照顾。-What languages are spoken inCanada?加拿大说什么语言？-French and English.法语和英语。（八）被动语态中by短语的省略 被动语态中的“by+宾语”表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者。但是在遇到以下情况时，表示动作执行者的by短语常常被省略。 1.动作执行者不确定时 Many people are killed in traffic accidents every year. 2.不必表明动作执行者时 These trees were planted last year. 3.动作执行者为一般大众时 Both English and Spanish are spoken in this area. 4.下面这些动词短语本身已经是被动形式，不需要再加by短语 be interested in对。感兴趣 be made of/from由。制成 be covered with用。覆盖 be surprised at 对。感到惊奇常见的接双宾语的动词有:to: (1)pass sb sth=pass sth to sb (2) give sb sth= give sth. to sb (3)teach sb sth=teach sth to sb, (4)show sb sth=show sth to sb (5) bring sb sth=bring sth to sb, (6)send sb sth=send sth to sb(7)hand sb sth =hand sth to sb (8) sell sb sth=sell sth to sb (9) take sb sth =take sth to sb(10) write sb sth=write sth to sbfor: (1) make sb sth= make sth for sb (2) buy sb sth =buy sth for sb (3) get sb sth= get sth for sb （4) cook sb sth =cook sth for sb (5) keep ab sth=keep sth for sb (6) sing sb sth=sing sth for sb(7) find sb sth=find sth for sb (8) mend sb sth=mend sth for sb (9)perform sb sth=perform sth for sb三、练习（ ）1The Olympic Games _every four years. A are held B were held Care holding Dwill ho1d（ ）2. In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings A is giving B is given C will give D has given（ ）3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _in. many schools around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught（ ）4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as Peoples Writer. A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards（ ）5. Usually computers _to search the Internet. A. use B. are using C. are used D. used（ ）6. -Do you often clean your classroom? -Yes. Our classroom _every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned（ ）7.一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible? 一YesIn fact，it _.Thats all because of the people and the factories around A polluted B was polluted C has polluted Dwaspo11ute（ ）8. -Our environment is getting worse than before. -Youre right. But thanks to Earth Day_, people have done more and more useful things to protect the earth since Earth Day.A. is started B. was started C. has started（ ）9. -I feel very happy that I _to be the host. -Congratulations!A. choose B. am chosen C. was chosen D. haven chosen（ ）10. Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden Aplant Bplanted Chave planted Dwere planted（ ）11.Some famous paintings _in the hall next week. A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown（ ）12. A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week . A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. gives（ ）13.-Great changes have taken place in this city. -Right. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days. A. turned upB. put up C. shown up D. fixed up（ ）14.Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China. A. allow B. b