外研版高中英语必修5课时练习题解析全册6-1Introduction

6-1Introduction.单词拼写1A s_ is a type of animal or plant.2A h_ is the place where an animal lives naturally.3A r_is an area of land where animals are protected.4C_ means protection, especially of natural things.5E_means dead (for a species, not a single animal)6S _means continuing to live.答案：1.species2.habitat3.reserve4.Conservation5.Extinct6.Survival.单句改错1They got their car washing at the garage._.2Tom was very fat that he could not walk fast._.3The boy lay in bed, listened to the radio._.4The mayor asked all the experts to do what they could solve the problem._.5With time went on, I grew more and more anxious about the exam to come._.6He asked me for advice with how to protect eyes._.7The waiter got closely to the customer and asked what she wanted to have for dinner._.8Marys hat is similar with Janes._.9I dont think it was in the library where their quarrels occurred._.10Mr. Smith asked me to buy three scores of eggs for the dinner party._.答案：1.washingwashed2.veryso3.listenedlistening4.solve前加to5.WithAs或wentgoing6.withon7.closelyclose8.withto9.wherethat10.scoresscore.单项填空1Tibetan antelopes have fallen into an _ species because the natives killed large numbers of them for their furs.AdangerousBdangerCendangered Dendangering答案：C句意是：由于当地人杀了大量的藏羚羊以获取它们的皮毛，藏羚羊已成为濒临灭绝的物种。 dangerous指“危险的”；endangered指“快灭绝的”。2May I take this table, please?Sorry, it has been _ by someone else.Apreserved BreservedCconserved Ddeserved答案：Bpreserve “保护”；reserve “预订”；conserve “节约；保存”；deserve“应受；值得”。答句意为：对不起，已经有人预订了这张桌子。3A Chinese satellite is expected to orbit Mars in 2011, _ an agreement our country signed with Russia on Monday.Ainstead of Bin spite ofCas a result Dthanks to答案：D句意是：一颗中国人造卫星有望在2011年环绕火星运行，这多亏了星期一我国与俄国签订的一份协议。instead of“代替”；in spite of“尽管”；as a result“结果”；thanks to“多亏；由于”。4He has been struggling _ in his business.Aagainst success Bwith successCfor success Dto success答案：Cstruggle for success “为获得成功而努力”。5The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _absent for different reasons.Awere; was Bwas; wasCwas; were Dwere; were答案：C本题考查the number of和a number of后面接名词作主语时谓语动词的数。the number of后面的谓语动词用单数，a number of后面的谓语动词用复数。因此，在本题第一空要选单数，第二空选复数。故选C。6It was because he would get the chance to travel _ he wanted to work as a tour guide.Athat BwhyCwhat Dwhere答案：A本题的主要结构是强调句式It is/was. that.，被强调的成分是原因状语“because he would get the chance to travel”，故选A项。7_ this is only a small town, its crowded with tourists who come here all year round.ASince BUnlessCOnce DAlthough答案：D题意：尽管这只是个小镇，但全年都有很多游客来这里。根据题意可知，两句之间为转折关系，故选D项。although引导让步状语从句。.完形填空Our planet is teeming(丰富的) with life. Tigers and turtles, bats and bees, gnats and gnus, crabs and crabgrassthe list seems _1_. Weve named more than 1.5 million species, and suspect that millions more remain _2_. Scientists call this mindboggling(惊人的) variety of life biodiversity. _3_ so many species, its surprising to realise that so many are in danger of becoming _4_.Extinct _5_ are plants and animals that once lived on Earth, but _6_ live anywhere in the world. _7_ species are those most in danger of extinction. Even large populations of animals can be _8_ risk. Passenger pigeons once flew in flocks so large that they _9_ Americas skies. _10_ time, habitat destruction and hunting decreased the birds numbers. The last one died _11_ in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914.Dinosaurs, dodo birds, and passenger pigeons are all extinct. Extinction have always happened _12_， but in modern time, people have pushed wildlife to the brink much more quickly than ever before. Were _13_ wildlife very rapidly!Endangered species are animals and plants that are in danger of becoming extinct. The US Endangered Species Act of 1973 was _14_ to protect threatened wildlife and habitats so they dont _15_ the way of the dodo.Why do animals become endangered of extinct? The main reason is _16_ of habitat. Habitat _17_ or fragmentation(破坏) can make it _18_ for wildlife to survive. However, as people learn to take _19_ care of plants and animals, and their habitats, endangered and threatened species may begin to make a comeback. In fact, bald eagles, blackfooted ferrets, and many _20_ species already have.1A.endedBendlessClimited Dlimitless答案：B上半句中列举了大量的生命体，故用endless表示“无穷无尽的”。2A.discovering BdiscoveredCundiscovering Dundiscovered答案：D我们已经命名的物种有150多万，并推测还有大量的我们没有发现的物种。remain undiscovered“还没有被发现的”。3A.As BForCWith DTo答案：Cwith结构在句中作状语，表示原因。4A.extinct BextinctingCextinctive Dextinction答案：Abecome extinct“成为濒临灭绝的”，extinct在此作形容词，意为“灭绝的”；extinctive“使消减的”。5A.kinds BgroupsCraces Dspecies答案：D由前段最后一句“there are so many species”可推知，此处应用species。6A.not longer Bno longerCnot more Dno more答案：Bno longernot any longer“不再”，侧重时间，符合句意。no more侧重数量。7A.Endanger BDangerousCEndangered DEndangering答案：Cendangered过去分词形式的形容词作定语修饰species，表示“濒临灭绝的物种”。第四段第一句话亦有提示。8A.at BforCon Dwith答案：Aat risk“有危险”，为固定搭配。9A.lightened BenlargedCdarkened Dendangered答案：Cdarken“(使)变黑”。文中此处指成群的候鸽使天空变成了黑色。10A.In BDuringCOn DOver答案：Dover time“随着时间的变化”。此处指随着时间变化，由于栖息地的破坏及打猎造成候鸽数量的减少。11A.alone BlonelyCseparately Dsingle答案：A由the last one可知，最后一只候鸽是独自死去的，故用副词alone修饰died。lonely“孤独的；寂寞的”，强调感情色彩；separately“个别地；分别地”；single“单一的；唯一的”。12A.actively BnaturallyCcompletely Dunluckily答案：B由but可知，前后意义有转折，后半句指出现在由于人类活动导致动物灭绝加速，故前句讲的是自然因素导致动物灭绝。13A.failing BmissingCdepriving Dlosing答案：Dlose“失去”，符合句意。fail“失败”；miss“想念；丢失”；deprive“剥夺”。14A.broke BpastCpassed Dkept答案：C表示通过一项法案用pass，此处用其被动形式，故选passed。15A.go BmakeCfind Dtry答案：A此处指阻止其他物种也走与渡渡鸟相同的道路。16A.lose BlossClost Dlosing答案：B由下句fragmentation的提示可知，此处指的是自然栖息地的丧失，应用名词loss。17A.break BdamageCdestruction Druin答案：C由第二段倒数第二句中的“habitat destruction”可推知答案为C项。18A.easy BroughCtough Dstrong答案：C由句意可知，自然栖息地的破坏使得野生动物生存艰难，故选tough“艰苦的”。19A.little BlessCgood Dbetter答案：D此处与以前作比较，指如果人们能够更好地保护植物或者动物以及他们的栖息地，濒临灭绝的物种就有可能得救。20A.other Bthe otherCothers Dthe others答案：Amany other species“许多其他的物种”。.阅读理解SHANGHAIThe dolphins(海豚) of Chinas Yangtze River could die out in 20 years unless fast and effective measures are taken to protect them from environmental dangers, a news report on Friday quoted scientists as saying.The number of the river dolphins, which are found mostly in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze has become smaller sharply since 1990, with fewer than 100 of them remaining.The serious and difficult condition of the Yangtze dolphins was among the topics discussed at a conference this week in Shanghai.In the 1950s, there were thousands of river dolphins in the Yangtze, Chinas longest river，but environmental pollution, overfishing, boat propellers(螺旋桨)and the buildings of dams and sluice(水闸)gates became a threat to them as well as other species, including bottlenosed and white dolphins in Chinas rivers and the South China Sea.The number of bottlenosed dolphins in the Yangtze has reduced since 1992 to 700 from about 2,000 and the number of white dolphins in the South China Sea is only about 1,000, the newspaper said.According to scientists, there are more than 40 species of dolphins and whales in Chinese waters. The Chinese government plans to build additional areas along the Yangtze for the threatened species.1Since 1992, the number of bottle