必修5unit1 reading.ppt

必修5第1单元 ReadingJohnSnowDefeats KingCholera AlexanderBellelectricityThomasEdisontheFirsttelephoneWrightBrotherstheelectricLampMadameCurieblackholesinUniverseFranklinTheoryofGravityStevenHawkingtheFirstPlaneElbertEinsteinRadiumIsaacNewtontheTheoryofRelativity Scientists Contributions Step1leadin 1 Whatimpressesyoumostin2003 2003年SARS WhichpersonimpressesyoumostduringtheSARS 中国工程院院士 著名呼吸疾病专家钟南山 DoyouknowSARS 2003年春季 SARS在全球暴发流行 波及到32个国家和地区 据2003月6月27日的统计 感染人数已超过8454人 死亡人数810人 其中中国大陆感染人数达5327人 死亡348人 据估计全世界损失达300多亿美元 非典型性肺炎 导致严重急性呼吸综合症 SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome 的病原是 冠状病毒 Coronavirus 流行病学 传播途径 经呼吸道近距离的飞沫传播是SARS主要的传播途径 其次为粪 口传播 也可血液传播 如餐饮业人员在屠宰动物过程中与动物血液接触受到感染 Whatotherinfectiousdiseasesdoyouknow Forexample Whenyoueatsomefoodthatisnotfresh Youmayfeel Maybeyouhavegot Cholera stomachache ItissaidthatCholerawasadiseasewhichwasnotcurelikecancerinthepast butnowitisacurableandpreventable 2013年3月26日海地发生霍乱 Cholera Itbeginsinthestomachandaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment Andthevictimsdiedveryquicklyfromalossofliquidafterseverevomiting 呕吐 anddiarrhoea 腹泻 JohnSnow 1813 1858 JohnSnowwasborninYorkonMarch15th 1813 theoldestofninechildren York London HewassofamousthathebecamethedoctorforQueenVictoriaatthebirthsofhermanychildren Fouroutbreaksofcholerainthe1830sand1840skilledmanypeopleinEngland In1854 themostterribleoutbreakofcholerawhicheveroccurredinthekingdom began Itwassoviolentandsuddenthat127peoplediedinthefirstthreedays What sthemainideaofthepassage JohnSnowwasawell knowndoctorinLondon ThecauseofCholerawaspollutedwater Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined HowJohnSnowcollected analyzeddataandfoundthecauseofthediseaseandsolvedit Fastreading d Step2 Findthemainideaofeachparagraph ThecausesofcholeraThecorrectorpossibletheoryCollectdataonthosewherepeoplewereillanddiedandwheretheygottheirwaterPlotinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdieAnalysethewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness FindotherevidencestoconfirmhisconclusionThepolluteddirtysourceofdrinkingwaterwastoblameforthecauseoftheLondoncholera CarefulReading CarefulReading JohnSnowwasandoctorinLondonwhoQueenVictoriaasherpersonal Hethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopletocholera Thoughthecauseandtheofitwereunknown hewantedtofacetheandsolvetheproblem para 1 expert attended physician exposed cure challenge Step3 CarefulReading Whatwerethetwotheoriesaboutthecauseofcholera WhichdidJohnSnowwanttoprove Whatwashismethodofdoingtheresearch multiplied victims absorb line Thesecondone Togatherinformationintwoparticularstreets para 2 3 CarefulReading para 4 Whatdidhedowiththeresultsofhisenquiry Whatvaluablecluedidhegetaboutthecauseofthedisease Whatmightbethecause Markedonamap Manyofthedeaths hadnodeaths Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblameforcholera ManyofthedeathswerenearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet PartofSnow sCholeraMap CarefulReading para 5 Whydidhetellpeopletoremovethehandlefromthepump Whathappenedafterthehandlewasremoved Sothat sloweddown CarefulReading para 6 7 Wheredidthewomanliveandwhatdidshehaddeliveredtoherhouseeveryday Whatdidtheirdeathssuggest WhatmeasuresdidJohnSnowtaketopreventthediseasefromspreading AwayfromBroadStreetWaterfromthepump Thepollutedwatercarriedthevirus suggestedthat beexamined wereinstructednottoexpose to JohnSnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater Readthepassageagainandanswerthesequestions 1 JohnSnowbelievedIdea2wasright Howdidhefinallyproveit CarefulReading No ThemaphelpedJohnSnoworganizehisideas Hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadhadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater drinkinghabits Heidentifiedthosehousesthathadhadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits Theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause 2 DoyouthinkJohnSnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutthemap Giveareason 3 Cholerawasa19thcenturydisease Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday Why Threediseases whicharesimilartoday areH7N9 SARS andAIDS becausetheyareserious haveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem drawaconclusion thinkofamethod collectresults makeaquestion findaproblem analysetheresults findsupportingevidence findaproblem makeaquestion thinkofamethod collectresults analysetheresults drawaconclusion Howtoproveanewideainscientificresearch findsupportingevidence Usethesevenstagesinsettingoutanewscientificideatodescribeeachparagraph Carefulreading drawaconclusion findaproblem makeupaquestion thinkofamethod collectresults analysetheresults findsupportingevidence Para1 Para2 Para3 Para4 Para5 Para6 Para7 FindaproblemWhatcausescholera MakeaquestionWhichtheoryiscorrect ThinkofamethodCollectdataonthosewhowereillordiedandwheretheygottheirwater Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 5 AnalysetheresultsAnalysethewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness Para 6 FindsupportingevidenceFindotherevidencetosupporttheanalysis Para 7 DrawaconclusionThewaterwastoblame Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedtomakesureitissafe Para 4 CollectresultsPlotinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie Accordingtothepassageandnumbertheeventsintheorderthattheyhappened JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854 JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap Heannouncedthatthewatercarried