中考动名词.doc

2011年中考英语语法精品总复习动名词动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。时态/语态主动被动一般式writingbeing written完成式having writtenhaving been written1. 动名词作主语、宾语和表语 1）作主语。例如： Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。2）作宾语 a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如：admit 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免complete完成consider认为delay 耽误deny 否认detest 讨厌endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱fancy 想象finish 完成imagine 想象mind 介意miss 想念postpone推迟practice 训练recall 回忆resent 讨厌resume 继续resist 抵抗risk 冒险suggest 建议face 面对include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解forgive 宽恕keep 继续例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗 The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。 b. 有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如：admit toprefertobe used tolead todevote oneself toobject tostick tono goodno usebe fond oflook forward tobe proud ofbe busycant helpbe tired ofbe capable ofbe afraid ofthink of burst outkeep oninsist oncount onset aboutput offbe good attake upgive upbe successful in3）作表语，对主语说明、解释。例如：Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。比较：She is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 4）作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如：a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池有些动名词作定语，与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。例如：boiling point=a temperature point at which something begins to boil 沸点a walking tractor=a tractor which a driver can operate while he or she is walking behind it 手扶拖拉机2. worth 的用法 worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词，意为值得。1) worth： be worth + n. 当名词为金钱时，表示 值得 常见的有It s worth while to do./ It s worth（someones）while doing be worth doing sth.某事值得被做The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。2) worthy：be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示值得 be worthy to be done 某事值得被做The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.3) worthwhile： be worthwhile to do sth 值得做某事It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。典型例题It is not _ to discuss the question again and again.A. wor