如何做好语法填空题.doc

如何做好语法填空题？语法填空是2007开始出现的一种新题型，很多学生觉得有点无从下手。因为语法填空不是单纯的考语法，它更讲究语境，在语境中考察语法。单项选择题和语法填空题所涉及的语法和不同之处：语言项目单项选择题的考点填空题的考点动词时态主要考查一些比较难的时态之间的区分，如一般过去时和现在完成时，现在完成时和过去完成时。一些最常见的时态，如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时可能成为考点，也可能将时态和语态结合起来考查。非谓语动词考查非谓语动词之间用法上的区别，经常考查非谓语动词的进行式、完成式、否定式、被动式。谓语动词和非谓语动词用法上的判断，非谓语动词之间用法上的区别。情态动词情态动词的意义、情态动词的完成式、被动式等。主要考查情态动词的意义和用法。形容词、副词主要考查比较等级、词序、词义等。给出词根，判断何时该用形容词。名词很少考查，或者与冠词一起考。给出词根，判断何时该用名词。连词侧重在一些比较难的连词，如therefore, otherwise, less, in case等。一些常见的连词，如and, or, however也可能成为考查对象。代词主要是考查不定代词之间的比较，如one和it，no one和none，few, a few, a little等。人称代词、指示代词太简单，考查的可能性不大。所以代词的考点变化应该不大。介词主要是考查介词词组、动词词组。变化不大。名词性从句主要是考查引导词。变化不大。定语从句主要是考查引导词。变化不大。状语从句主要是根据考查引导词。变化不大。究竟该如何科学的备考呢？ 以下三点建议仅供参考：1. 朗读文章时“聚焦”语言点我们学生采用的阅读的方式常常有两种：一是朗读，这是我们学生常用的，其主要功效就是在于帮助记忆；二是理解性阅读，这是我们学生考试时所用的阅读方式，其主要作用是获取信息。笔者提出的“聚焦”语言点的阅读，就是要求在阅读的过程中，将注意力投放到语言点上，“捕捉”文章中出现的各种语言点、对不理解的语法、句型进行必要的分析、对不熟练的语言点高声朗读。请看下面的短文，关注语言点的阅读就是要重点关注黑体部分：例3：I was being tested for a driving license for the third time. I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully. After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test. 这一段的动词时态、语态和非谓语的用法非常灵活，阅读的时候需要认真理解、仔细分析和适当记忆。例4：Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet. 这一段的介词和连词的用法又非常丰富，注意这些词在文章当中的连贯意义。怎样才能做到“聚焦”语言点？朗读时要用心去读，戒除心不在焉，做到每一次朗读都有所收获。2. 降低语法复习难度，侧重基础和熟练掌握备考语法填空题，笔者建议不要花大量的时间去钻难题、偏题和怪题，而要将最常用的语法要点熟记、多练，牢牢地掌握，达到运用自如。2007年语法填空题考高分的同学将不是经常钻难题的同学，而是能够熟练和准确地应用基础语法的同学，减少基础题的失误就能拿高分。3. 根据题型要求，进行语法专项训练语法填空题的考查方式，主要有两类：自由填空类和提示性填空类，这两类考查的语言项目有所不同：(1)自由填空类。考查的语言项目主要有行文逻辑、连词、介词、关系代词等。在复习这些语法要点的时候，可采取自由填空的练习进行训练。例5：To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a 1 actor: you must be able to hold the attention and the interest of 2 audience; you must be a clear speaker, 3 a good, strong, pleasing voice 4 is fully under your control; and you must be able to act 5 you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear. (2)提示性填空类。考查的语言项目主要有动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词、情态动词、冠词等。新概念英语中有很多非常好的短文，可作为训练语法专项的材料。例6：I crossed the street to avoid 1 (meet) him, but he saw me and came running towards me. It was no use 2 (pretend) that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. I never enjoy 3 (meet) Nigel Dykes. He never has anything 4 (do). No matter how busy you are, he always insists on 5 (come) with you.这一段主要考查非谓语动词的用法。针对这两类考查方式，备考复习时要达到以下几个基本要求：(1)对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副