高一英语名词性从句复习.ppt

名词性从句 更多资源 Practicetime 单句改错 1 Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunareknowntoall 2 Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven tbeenknownyet 3 Ididn tknowthatyouwillcome 4 Hesaidthatheiswritingastory 5 Couldyoutellmewhenwillhearrive 6 YoucanbegintoseewhydoesEnglishhavesuchstrangerules is hasn t would was hewill Englishhas 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 NounClauses 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 名词从句 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜 Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗 Couldyoutellmewherehelives Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive F T T F 名词性从句考点归纳 一 名词性从句的语序 陈述语序 二 名词性从句连接词的选用 1 that和what的选用 that和what都可引导所有的名词从句 但是 what除起连接作用外 还在名词性从句中充当成分 可做从句的主语 宾语 或表语 而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 只起连接作用 that what 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 Theresultis wewonthegame 4 Thisis wewanttoknow 5 Is hetoldustrue 6 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 7 Ihavenodoubt hewillcome 8 Ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon 9 hasmadeChina itisnow What That that what what what that what what what whether与if均为 是否 的意思 但在下列情况下 whether不能被if所取代 1 whether引导主语从句 包括从句在句首的位置 不用if 如 Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem Whetherhewillcome Iamnotsure 2 引导表语从句用whether 不用if 如 Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit 3 引导同位语从句用whether 不用if 如 Thequestionwhetherhe llattendthemeetingisimportant 4 whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语 而if则不能 如 I mnotinterestedinwhetherthey llgoornot Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney 2 whether与if的辨用 7 用if会引起歧义时 Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikeit 该句有两个意思 请告诉我你是否喜欢 或 如果你喜欢 请告诉我 用了whether就可以避免 5 whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用 而if则不能 如 Ididn tknowwhethertolaughortocry Shehasn tdecidedwhethertogoornot 6 whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用ifIdon tknowwhetheritisrightornot 引导动词之后的宾语从句可用if或者whether Practicetime if whether1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather 3 We reworriedabout heissafe 4 Idon tknow heiswellornot 5 Idon tknow ornotheiswell 6 Thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 8 Idon tknow togo 9 youarenotfreetomorrow I llgowithoutyou if whether Whether whether whether if whether whether whether whether If 3 其它连接代词和副词的连用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义 正确的选择who which when where why how等连接词 这些连接词既具有疑问含义 又起连接作用 同时在从句中充当各种成分 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定 weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃 Idon tknow broketheglassyesterday 我不知道他长的什么样子 Ihavenoidea helookslike 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方 Thisis Ileftmyglasses When who what where that引导名词性从句时在从句中不做任何成分 也没有具体的意义 其他连接词在引导从句时都做相应的成分并有具体的意思 ThattheyaregoodatEnglishisknowntousall Theproblemisthatwedon thaveenoughmoneySheexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaoneday 1 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句中用that但不能省略 4 that不能省略的情况 2 It做形式宾语的宾语从句 Idon tthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishloudly 3 并列宾语从句中 从第二个宾语从句开始都不可省略Hetoldme that hisfatherhaddiedandthathehadtomakealivingalone 4 当that宾语从句中状语部分位与从句前部时 Tellhimthatifhecomestomorrow pleasecallme 5 当that前有插入语时Tomdidn tknow I msure thathissisterwasgoingtoJapan 6 当that作介词宾语时 that不可省掉 Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo that that 1 Idon tthink sheiscoming 2 Itisapity hehasmadesuchamistake 3 Thereasonis heiscareless 4 Thenews ourteamwonthematchinspiredus 5 Idon tthinkitnecessary youshouldreadEnglishaloud 6 Hetoldme hisfatherhaddiedand hehadtomakealivingalone that that that that that that that 6 whatever whoever的功用 Whatever whoever可引导主语 宾语 表语从句 并在从句中做主语 宾语 表语 这种用法中 whatever whoever不含疑问意义 Whatever anythingthat whoever anyonewho 1 Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished breaksthelawistobepunished Anyonewho 2 Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo Theywilldo hewantsthemtodo anythingthat 疑问词 ever和nomatter 疑问词的区别 疑问词 ever可引导名词性从句 在主从句中要充当一定的成分 Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop 疑问词 ever还可引导让步状语从句 如 Whoeverbreakstherule hemustbepunished Whateveryoudo youmustdoitwell nomatter 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句 Nomatterwhatyoudo youmustdoitwell Nomatterwhobreakstherule hemustbepunished Nomatter 疑问词可换成疑问词 ever 二 宾语从句的时态呼应 1 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时 从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态 a 他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的 Hebelieves b 请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么 Pleasetellme hisdreamwillcometruesomeday whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday 2 如果主句谓语是过去时 从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态 但从句表达的是客观事实 真理 自然规律等时 从句谓语通常用一般现在时 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备 Hetoldme 他说他已离开家乡十年了 Hetoldme 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的 Theteachertellus hewaspreparingfortheexamination Hehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears lighttravelsinastraightline 三 同位语从句的引导和辨别 1 同位语从句的格式 n 连接词 从句2 能接同位语从句的名词有 fact idea news information order belief suggestion advice等3 连接词通常是that 也可根据含义选用whether what when where等来引导同位语从句 1 Ihavenoidea hecomesfrom 2 Hecan tanswerthequestion hegotthemoney 3 Hegaveusmanysuggestions weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise 4 Ihavenodoubt hewillwin 5 Ihavesomedoubt hewillwin that whether where how where how that that whether 4 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1 定语从句是先行词的修饰语 它不涉及先行词的具体内容 定语从句中that不但起连接作用 而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分 充当从句的宾语成分时可省略 2 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明 表明中心词的具体内容 引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分 只起连接作用 无具体含义 且不可省略 1 Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed 2 WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain 1 Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity 2 Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue 同位语从句 定语从句 定 同 同 定 四 It的用法 形式主语 It possible important necessary clear that 很可能 重要的是 必要的是 很清楚 It ssaid reported that 据说 据报道 It sbeenannounced declaredthat 已经通知 宣布 Itseems appears happens that 显然 明显 碰巧 It snowonderthat 并不奇怪 无疑 It sapity afact acommonknowledge 众所周知 acommonsaying 俗话说 It做形式主语 A Itisclear certain likely true surprisingthat B Itisapity shame goodidea nowonderthat C Itissaid reported believed known thought suggestedthat D Itseems happensthat IthappenedthatIwentoutlastnight ItissaidthatChinawillwinintheWorldCup 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1 Itisimportant necessary natural strangethat should vItisapity ashame suggested insisted ordered 在suggestion proposal plan idea order decision的表语从句中 should v宾语从句中的虚拟 Wishthat 表示坚持 建议 命令 要求的从句 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 2 ItistimethatWouldrather 更多资源 几个固定句式 强调句Itis was 强调部分 that 如果强调部分是疑问词 Whoisitthatspokefirst Whenwasitthattheycamehere 关于doubtsb doubtif whether sb don t doesn tthat Thereisnodoubtthat Thereisnodoubtthathewillwinthegame 疑问词 doyouthink 用陈述句语序 Whodoyouthinkweinvitedtogiveusthetalk Practicetime 1 Itnowappears theyareinneedofhelp A thatB whichC whatD how2 Itisgoodnews theywillarriveinafewdays A whichB whatC thatD how3 It Joedrivesbadly A thoughtthatB thinksthatC isthoughtthatD isthoughtthat4 It heislateforclass A maythatB mightthatC maybethatD mightbewhat5 Thisis shewasborn A whereB whichC thatD what6 Thequestionis wecan tgotheretoday A thatB whatC whichD when 7 Thequestionis itisworthdoing A ifB whetherC whichD what8 Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis hehasneverwastedhistime A becauseB whyC thatD what9 Mysuggestionis weshouldturnthelandintoricefields A whatB thatC whichD where10 Hisproposalisthatthedam atthefootofthemountain A buildB willbuildC bebuiltD willbebuilt11 Myadviceisthathe regularhouse A keepB wouldkeepC keepsD kept12 knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit A WhothatB WhoeverC WhomthatD Thatwho 13 Weallknowthetruth theearthgoesroundthesun A thatB whichC whatD whether14 Weheardthenews ourteamhadwon A whichB thatC whatD where15 Theproblem itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided A whichB thatC whetherD if16 Youmustdowell theteacherasksyoutodo A whichB whatC thatD where Thankyou 名词demand suggestion proposal advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气 结构为should do should可省略 1 HegavemeasuggestionthatI should becalmnow 2 Thesuggestionthattheplan should bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow Theend 5 名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系 1 Heh