英语专题讲解englishgrammarthematrix.ppt

EnglishGrammar TheMatrix PartsofSpeechCourse INGL 3021 3022OralandWrittenEnglishProfessor An balMu oz Preview DefinitionsNounsPronounsVerbsAdjectivesAdverbsPrepositionsConjunctions InterjectionsDeterminersSubordinatorsInterrogativesQualifiersSentencecombinationsYes noquestionsInformationquestionsPunctuationrulesCapitalizationrules Grammar definitionThegrammarofalanguageisacomplexofsystemsthatmaybeanalyzedandstudiedonthesethreelevels NoamChomsky sUG Phonology setofsounds symbols Morphology combinationsofsoundsthatcarrysingleunitsofmeaning 3 Syntax howsingleunitsofmeaningarecombinedtoformwords phrasesandsentences Partsofspeech Nouns NounsDefinitionProper commonSingular plural annex Count non count abstract annex howmuch howmany Collectible groupnouns Unitsofmeasurement Reference SchramperAzar Betty 1996 BasicEnglishGrammar Definition properandcommonnouns Nouns wordsusedtonameaperson place thing object quality idea concept oranaction Ref AmericanHeritageDictionary 2001 ProperNouns specialorparticularnamegiventocommonnounstodistinguishthemfromothersofthesamekind Example common womanproperMartha Properandcommonnouns Nouns singularandplural RuleNo 1 Add stotheendofnoun cupcupsstudentstudentsRuleNo 2consonantsbefore y change ytoiandadd escity citiesparty partieslady ladiesRuleNo 3vowelsbefore y add sboy boyskey keysday days Singularandplural cont RuleNo 4 fand feendings changethe for fetovand eslife liveswife wivesthief thievesRuleNo 5 sh ch x ssendings add esbush bushesmatch matchesbox boxeskiss kissesRuleNo 6 consonant o add es vowel o stomato tomatoesradioradios PracticeExercisesUsethepluralformtofillintheblanks providedlist BabyBoyCityCountryLadyPartyTrayKeyDictionarycowboy Theyhaveonegirlandtwo Ivisitedmany lastyear Womengivebirthto Shelostthe ofthecarandthehouse rideshorsesinTexas MadridandParisarebeautiful Wemustbring totheEnglishclass Goodevening andgentleman OnSaturdaynights Iliketogoto Peoplecarrytheirfoodon atthecafeteria Pronunciationofplurals s es GroupAFinal sispronounced z aftervoicedsounds taxicabs beds dogs balls years days boys trees etc GroupBFinal sispronounced s aftervoicelesssounds books cups groups cats students desks etc GroupCFinal s esispronounced ez after s sounds classes horses boxes faces after z sounds sizes roses noises after sh sounds dishes bushes after ch sounds matches sandwiches after ge dge sounds pages ages bridges edges Irregularpluralforms exceptions ChildchildrenFootfeetManmenWomanwomenMousemiceToothteethFishfish people isalwaysplural nos Countandnoncountnouns CountnounsabookbooksonebooktwobookssomebooksalotofbooksmanybooksafewbooksNon countnounsmoneysomemoneyalotofmoneymuchmoneyalittlemoney Commonnon countnounsadvice furniture love peace homework luckinformation food mail music traffic weather work bread cheese coffee rice sand meat milk water sugar money oil liquidsmaterials paper abstractsgeneralfoodgases OralPractice countvs non count Pronouns DefinitionPersonalpronouns subject object PossessiveadjectivesPossessivepronounsReflexiveIndefiniteInterrogativeDemonstrativeRelativereciprocal Verbs verbtenses conjugation DefinitionRegularIrregularverbsSpelling pronunciationConjugation annex practice Auxiliaryverbs modals annex InfinitivesGerunds VerbsRegular Irregular verbtenses Regularverbs doredendings d soundpronunciation t soundpronunciation ed pronunciation Irregularverbs ThreeformsTwoformsOneform Verbconjugation Simplepresenttense Verbtenses Simplepast Verbtenses SimplefutureAnotherwaytoexpressthesimplefutureIamgoingtoworktomorrow Sheisgoingtoworknextweek TheyaregoingtoworkonSunday Presentprogressive Pastprogressive continuous Futureprogressive continuous Adjectives DefinitionArticlesasadjectivesOrderofadjectivesinaseries color size origin nationalities shape age etc Pastparticiples gerundsusedasadjectivesComparativesandsuperlativescomparisons annex practice Adverbs DefinitionAdverbsoffrequency annex AdverbsoftimeAdverbsoflocation place Adverbsofmode Prepositions DefinitionIN ONandAT annex timeandlocation AllprepositionsTransitionalexpressions prep Phrases annex Conjunctions DefinitionCorrelativeconjunctionsCoordinatingconjunctionsSubordinateconjunctionsConjunctiveadverbsOthersubordinators annex Interjectionsandother