M10U4lawandorder　学生版.doc

模块十 Unit 4 1. order （1）n 订购 定做 定货 ; 顺序 次序; 命令place an order for sth. with sb. 向订购They _ _ _ _ 500 pairs of shoes with the factory.他们向那家工厂订购了500 双鞋。in (out of ) order / in good (bad) order 井然有序的混乱的keeporder维持次序An order came that we must stop teaching Japanese in this school.（2）v命令指挥指令; 订购order sb to dothat The doctor _ _ _ take a rest for a month.The doctor ordered that I_ _ a rest for a month. 医生指示我要休息一个月。order sb sth = order sth for sbHe _ _ _ _ _. 他为自己订购了一套新西服。= He ordered a new suit_ _. 2theoretical=theoretic adj 理论上的 假说的This book is too theoretical, I need a practical guide. 这本书理论性太强，我要一本是用手册。theoretically adv 理论上Theoretically we could still win, but its very unlikely. 按道理讲我们还能赢，但是可能性很小。3term n 学期期间期限术语字眼the spring term 春季班a medical term 医学术语come to terms with sb = make terms with sb 与某人达成协议；和好in terms of 从。观点从。角度in the long /short term 就长/短期而言on good /bad/ equal terms 友善的/坏的/同等关系4offend vt/vi (1) 触怒；冒犯 offend sb I am sorry if I have _ _ , but I didnt mean to.如果我触犯了你，我感到很抱歉，但我不是故意的。His misbehavior offended her. 他的不良性为冒犯了她。=He _ _ _/by his misbehavior.=She was _ _/ by his misbehavior.(2). 给以不愉快的感觉offend the ear/eye 让人听起来/看起来不舒服。（3）违反（规则、礼貌等）；犯错；有悖于(常与against 连用)offend against good manners 违反礼仪offend against humanity 违背人性offense/offence n. offender n 违法者；犯罪者offensive adjAn offensive sound 刺耳的声音An offensive word无礼的话5. hatred n. “憎恨; 仇恨; 憎恶; 恶意”He looked at me with _ in his eyes. 他以憎恨的眼光望着我。have a hatred for/of 憎恶. She _ _ _ _ _/of the Japanese invaders. 她对日本侵略者怀有深仇大恨.in hatred of 憎恨He is _ _ _ me. 他在恨我。hate v.I hate_ when people smoke in public. 我讨厌人在公共场所吸烟。6. lastly adv. “最后一点; 最后”_ , were going to visit Athens, and fly home from there. 最后我们将访问雅典, 然后从那儿乘飞机回国.Cf. last acv. “上次, 最近”The children were last seen playing by the river.孩子们最后被看见的时候是在河边玩。7. identify （1）vt. 确认;识别;鉴定,验明(+as)identify handwriting 鉴定笔迹How did you _ the wallet as your own? 如何证明那钱包是你的？（2）vt. 视.(与.)为同一事物(+with)Never _ _ _ happiness. 千万不要把财富和幸福等同起来。（3）vi “ (与.)认同;一致;感同身受(+with)”I identified with the heroine of the novel. 我与小说中的那个女主人公感同身受。identification （P41）n. 辨认，确认；身份证件identification of the dead body 认尸The identification of the fingerprints was quickly done. 指纹的鉴定很快完成了。Do you have any _ ? 有没有任何能证明你身份的证件？identification card ID card 身份证identity card8. breakbreak down 损害分解跨掉e has completely _ _ under the pressure of work. 在工作压力下他完全跨掉了。break in 插入打扰Dont _ _ while others are speaking . 别人讲话时不要插嘴。break out 爆发Does everyone know what to do if a fire _ _?人人都知道火灾发生后该做什么吗？break off 打断结束She _ _ their engagement only a few weeks before they were due to be married.就在他们预期结婚前几个星期她解除了婚约。break through 突破He failed many times but he finally _ _ to find a successful way to cure this disease.他失败了很多次，最终发现了有效治疗这种疾病的方法。break away from 脱离打破They _ _ _ the national union and set up their own local organization.他们脱离了国家联邦建立了自己的地方组织。break up 解散分解绝交There are plans to _ _ _ _ into several smaller independent companies.计划把这家公司分解成几个独立的小公司。9. accuracy n “精确, 准确”（尤指用心的结果） 如： It is impossible to say with any accuracy how many are affected. 无论如何也说不准受影响的有多少。accurate adj10. annually adj “每年;每年一次”(yearly)They celebrate their wedding anniversary_.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。annual 既是形容词又是名词annual report 年度报告 annual ring 【植】年轮n. “年刊, 年报, 年鉴, 年金, 年税”11. regarding prep “关于（某人/某事物）;”I wrote a letter regarding/as regards my daughters school examinations. 我写了一封关于我女儿学校考试的信。其同义词：as regards / concerning / over 12. keep up with 赶上不落后与Employees need to _ _ _ the latest technical developments.职工们需要跟上最新的技术发展。keep away from 远离使不靠近Keep the children _ _ the machine especially when it is running.不要让孩子靠近机器尤其当机器在运转时。keep back 隐瞒使不往前I got the feeling he was _ _ _.我有一种感觉他在隐瞒什么。keep down 控制限制压迫_ _ _! I am trying to talk on the phone!别吵！我在打电话。keep from忍住阻止The play was so boring , I could hardly _ _ _ falling asleep.keep off 挡住避开The sign in the garden says, keep off the grass!花园里的指示牌上写着“勿踏草地”。keep to 坚持信守When we ride or walk , we must _ _ _ _.无论是骑车还是走路，要靠右边。keep out of 置身。之外Youd better _ _ _ their quarrel.你最好不要介入他们的争吵当中。 13. spy vt./ vi (第三人称单数spies) (过去式、过去分词spied) (现在分词spying)Vt.（1）暗中监视;侦察出He sent out a party to _ the enemy. 他派出一个小分队暗中监视敌人的行动。（2） 察觉,发现（复合宾语）We _ a stranger hanging around the corner. 我们发现一位陌生人在拐角处闲荡。vi. 当间谍;暗中监视;刺探(+on/upon/into)We spied on the man. 我们监视那个人。n. 间谍;密探可数名词She liked the adventures of a spy. 她喜欢间谍的冒险。14. apply to 向 申请使用应用于适合于（apply sth to sth ）I _ _ four universities and was accepted by all of them.我申请了四所大学都被他们接受了。Do the same rules apply to part-time workers?这同样的规章制度适用于那些兼职工人吗？New technology _ _ _ _ almost every industrial process.新技术正用于差不多各个工业生产过程中。apply oneself to sth / doing sth 致力与You would pass your exams if you _ _ _ your lessons.努力学习就会通过考试。apply for 申请She _ _ _ _with the local newspaper.她在当地报社申请了一份工作。15. similarly adv (1) 相似地; 类似地: The two boys dress _ . 两个小男孩穿得差不多一样。(2) 也; 同样: She was late and I _ was delayed. 她迟到了, 我也晚了。similar adj “相像的,相仿的,类似的(+to)” 如：His problem _ _ _ yours. 他的问题和你的相似。similarity n. （1）类似;相似不可数The similarity between the two reports suggests that one person wrote both.那两个报告极其相似,这意味着它们出自一人的手笔。（2）相似点;类似点可数Bees and wasps both sting, but they have other _ too.蜜蜂和黄蜂都刺人,但它们还有其他相似之处。16. strait n. 常以复数表示单数意义, 尤其用于专有名称 (1). 海峡; （联接两大水域之间的）狭窄水道 如：the Straits of Gibraltar 直布罗陀海峡 the Magellan Straits 麦哲伦海峡. (2). 困难； 陷于（恶劣的极度的/严重的）财务困境中（常用复数）She has been_ _ _ (financially) since her husband died.自从她丈夫去世, 她(在经济方面)一直处于困境。17. aboard adv 在船(或飞机,车)上;上船(或飞机,车)All passengers aboard fell into the river. 船上所有乘客皆落入河中。prep 在(船,飞机,车)上;进入,上(船,飞机,车)They were the last two to _ _the ship. 他们是最后两位上船的。on board = aboard We went on board the ship. 我们登上了轮船。(做状语)Everybody