牛津深圳版9Achapter8 environment.ppt

environment chapter8 freetalk doyouthinkthatwehaveabeautifulworldnow howmanykindsofpollutiondoyouknow airpollution industrialpollution smog smoke fog waterpollution environmentpollution noisepollution howcanwesaveearth wordsstudy 1author writern 作者dickensismyfavoriteauthor 2consumer personwhobuysgoodsoruseservicesn 消费者consumersareencouragedtocomplainaboutfaultygoods 3topic subjectn 话题 标题atopicofconversation4pollute makesth dirtyorimpurev 污染thisriverispollutedwithchemicalwastefromfactories 5mainly chiefly primarily thepeopleinthestreetsweremainlytourists 6burn beonfirev 燃烧thehouseburnedforhoursbeforetheblazewasputout 7danger riskn 危险there salotofdangerinrockclimbing 8vital bevitalto for essential bevitalto for adj 必不可少的 极为重要的waterisvitalforourlife 9massive verylargeadj 巨大的amassivemonument rock10affect haveaneffectonv 影响thechangeinclimatemayaffectourhealth 11respond to sth answerv回应 回答sheaskedwherehe dbeen buthedidn trespond12inform sb of aboutsth tellv通知 告知didyouinformhimofthetimeofthemeeting 13grateful begratefultosb forsth that thankful感激的 表示感谢的i mgratefultoyouforyourhelp 1臭氧的破坏2热带雨林的砍伐3处于危险中4首先5对环境构成的威胁6温室效应7让阳光射进来8阻止 免于 9与 一样10月球表面 1thedamagetotheozone2thecuttingdownoftherainforests3beindanger4firstofall5threatstotheenvironment6thegreenhouseeffect7letsunlightin8keep from 9as as10thesurfaceofthemoon 11以气体的形式12燃料13海平面14保护层15把 烧起来16比如快餐盒17吸收18土壤的侵蚀19坏习惯20绿色消费者 11intheformofgases12burningfuels13thelevelofthesea14protectivelayer15burn up16suchasfast foodboxes17takein18theerosionofsoil19badhabits20greenconsumers reading readingaanswers 1thetitleistheyounggreenconsumerguide andtheauthorsarejohnelkingtonandjuliahailes 2agreenconsumeronlybuysgoodsharmlesstotheenvironment 3themaintopicofthebookiswhichgoodsareharmfulandwhichareenvironmentallyfriendly 4five readingbanswers 1theglassofagreenhouse2theatmosphere3fuelssuchaspetrol4theozonelayer5cfcs6thegreenhouseeffect reviewvt 评论 复习 回顾review goover lessons复习功课reviewthepast回顾过去reviewthenewbook评论这本新书haveyou 复习 yourlessons covervt 涉及 包括 覆盖n 封面 盖子becoveredwith bycover with用 盖1theenglishbook 封面是红色的 waslost reviewed whosecoverisred 2thefloods 淹没 largeareas 3田野上一片积雪 thefield snow makeoneselfclear使自己清楚makesb happy sad excited使某人高兴 难过 激动makethestreetsmorebeautiful使街道更漂亮makesb dosth使某人做某事 sb bemadetodosth 1我自己搞不清楚 idon t covered wascoveredwith makemyselfclear 2树木可以使我们的街道变得更漂亮 并且减少噪音 treescanmakestreets and 3wearemade finish pare with 把 和 作比较compare to 把 比作 1如果你把英式足球和美式足球做一下比较 你会发现许多不同之处 ifyou britishfootball americanfootball you manydifferences morebeautiful less noisy tofinish comparewith willfind 2我们通常把儿童比作花朵 weoften children flowers bethreattosb sth 对 有威胁1疾病威胁着他的健康 theillness hishealth keep stop preventsb fromdoingsth keep sb doingsth keeptheclassroomcleankeepoureyessafe 1theheavyrainkeptusfromgettingthereontime compareto isthreatto theheavyrain thereontime 2don tkeeptheteacher wait foralongtime 3theglassescankeepoureyes safety withoutprep 无 没有1hewentoutwithout say aword 2ican tworkoutthemathproblemwithoutyourhelp ican tworkoutthemathproblem prevented stoppedusfromgetting waiting safe saying ifyoudon thelpme toomuch 不可数名词 太多muchtoo adj 形容词 太 很 十分1 吃太多食物 isbadforyourhealth 2theboxis heavy ican tcarryit atoomuchbtoomanycmuchtoodmanytootakein吸收takeout getout取出takecare becareful lookout小心takecareof lookafter照顾takeaway拿走 带走takephotos拍照 eatingtoomuch c 1let sgooutand 吸收新鲜空气 2don t please atakeawayitbtakeitawayctookawayitdtookitaway3helikes take photos asmuchaspossible asmuchasonecan尽可能多地1youshouldspeakenglishasmuchasyoucanyoushouldspeakenglish takeinfreshair b taking asmuchaspossible insteadof取代 而不 1youwillgotoitaly hewon tgotofrance hewillgotoitaly france 2youshouldbeoutplayinginsteadof work indoorsallday less 原级形容词或副词 than从句 不如 youaretallerthanhe heis thanyou heisn t you insteadof working lesstall astallas preferatob likeabetterthanb喜欢a胜过bpreferdoingsth todoingsth prefertodosth ratherthandosth 1maryprefersswimmingtoskating 2shepreferswalkingtotakingabus sheprefers ratherthan marypreferstoswimratherthanskate marylikesswimmingbetterthanskating towalktakeabus dealwith处理 在疑问句中与how连用dowith常与what连用howshallwedealwiththisproblem shallwe thisproblem likeprep 像 一样looklike看起来像 thesameas和 一样bedifferentfrom与 不同1he 看起来像 hisfather 2sheisbusylikeabee sheis abee whatdowith lookslike asbusyas 3mr blackisasoldasmr brown mr blackis asmr brown 4yourcarisn tthesameasmine yourcar mine thesameage isdifferentfrom 这本书上讲我们的世界正处于危难之中 对我们来说拯救地球为重要 首先 对我们生存环境的威胁是什么 温室效应作者让我们 假设地核是一种周围有像玻璃一样的大气的温室 让阳光进入面防止热散发出去 大气对所有的生物是必不可少的 没有大气 地球就会像月球一样冷 毫无生命 我们的大气正在发生着变化 因为我们在污染它 用一些化学制品 主要以气体的形式 它吸收了太多的热量 这些气体 主要是二氧化碳 co2 是由燃烧诸如汽油之类的燃料而产生的 温室效应可能使海平面上升 使城市甚至整个国家被淹没 对臭氧层的损害作者告诉我们 臭氧是离地面20 50千米的一层气体 它形成了地球周围的保护层 如果没有臭氧 太阳就会把我们烧焦 我们主要通过使用叫做氯氟烃的化学制品给臭氧弄了几个洞 我们通常在电冰箱里使用这些制品生产诸如快餐包装盒之类的塑料制品 砍伐树木使温室效应更加糟糕 因为树木吸收二氧化碳 它也能导致土壤风化和洪水泛滥 坏习惯许多人将物品用完一次后就将他们扔掉 这个坏习惯制造了大量的垃圾 污染我们的土地和海洋 例如 英国每年扔掉70亿个饮料瓶 那足以从地球铺到月球 我们怎样才能拯救地球 根据作者所说 我们应该成为绿色消费者 那就是 我们应该只买和使用坏保的东西 这些东西对环境无害 vital p1 threats p1 environment p1 lifeless p2 pollute p3 drown p4 massive p8 massive drowned threats lifeless environment polluting vital layer p5 pollution atmosphere p2 fuels p4 polluting p3 erosion p7 b a a b b a listening language 1whybecause的用法 1why 动词原形 暗示某种行为是无谓的whywasteyourtimeonthat 2whynot whydon tyou 后面要跟动词原型 意思是 为什么不呢 一般用在疑问句中 表示提建议 whynothaveapicnicthisafternoon 今天下午去野餐怎么样 3whydon t didn t是疑问的用法 whydon t didn tyou we dosth whydon tyouanswerthisquestion 为什么不回答这些问题 疑问 4why可以放在thereason后面thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathegotuplate because1当我们询问理由时 用why 当我们给出理由时 用because whydoweusecfcsalot becausetheyaresouseful 2because是连词 所以后边跟句子becauseof后边加名词或者动名词短语hecametoworklatebecausehegotuplate hecametoworklatebecauseofgettinguplate 3because不能放在reason后面 2 adverbialclausesofreason 原因状语从句 because since as nowthat for 通常由连词because since as引导 也可由for nowthat等词引导1 ididn tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseiwasill 我昨天没去上学 因为我生病了 2 sinceeverybodyishere let sbeginourmeeting 既然大家都来了 让我们开始开会吧 3 asyouareinpoorhealth youshouldnotstayuplate 既然你身体不好 你就不该熬夜 4 iaskedhertostaytohaveatea forihadsomethingtotellher 我请她留下来喝茶 因为我有事要告诉她 难点 because since as for 辨析在语气上 because最重 表示的是直接理由 回答why时只能用它 其次是since as 一般不表示原因 而是表明理由 进一步说明 译为 由于 既然 for被认为是复合句的并列连词 常用于推断 表示理由 1李明昨天没来上学 因为他病了 limingdidn tcometoschool 2 thejobapplicantishere let sbeginourinterview asincebbecausecfordafter3 whyisouratmospherechanging wearepollutingitwithchemical aasbsincecfordbecause becausehe wasill a d 3 用 not as aslike not thesameasdifferentfrom比较事物 1在某一点上 用 not as as来比较事物i mnotastallasmybrother 2用like在一个或更多的方面说明事物相同 theboylookslikehisfather 3用thesameas说明事物很像另一个 i mnotthesameheightasmybrother 4用differentfrom说事物和另一个不一样 thedogisdifferentfromtheother 很多情况下 not as as not thesameasdifferentfrom之间可以互换 i mnotasheavyashim i mnotthesameweightashim myweightisdifferentfromhis answerfora a11s1whyshouldwes2becausemotorvehiclespollutetheair 2s1whyshouldwes2becausetheycanberecycled 3s1whyshouldwes2becausebatteriescausepollution 4s1whyshouldwes2becauseashoweruseslesswaterthanabath 5s1whyshouldwes2becausemakingitusuallycausesairpollution6s1whyshouldwes2becauseweonlyhaveoneearth a2do s1motorvehiclespollutetheair2basketsforshoppingbecauseplasticbagscausepollution solar poweredcalculatorsbecausebatteriescausepollution answerfora 3haveshowersinsteadofbathsbecauseashoweruseslesswaterthanabath4saveelectricitybecausemakingitusuallycausesairpollutiondon ts1don tthrowawaytinsandglassbottlesbecausetheycanberecycled 2don tpolluteourplanetbecauseweonlyhaveoneearth answersforb b11atheblacksbthebrownscthebrownsb21donotthrowawayasmany as2throwawayasmuch as3throwawayasmuch as4donotthrowawayasmuch as athegreensbthegreenscthegreens answersforc c11differentfrom2thesameas3differentfrom4thesameas5like6likec2e g theclocksaysteno clockinpictureabuttwoo clockinpictureb thestreetnameis firststreet inpictureabut thirdstreet inpictureb thedoginpictureaissmallerthanthedoginpictureb c31s1thesame ass2no theydonothavethesameweight 2s1thesame ass2yes theydrivethesamekindofcar 3s1thesame ass2no theydonotusethesamekindofpetrol 4s1thesame ass2yes theyeatthesameamountoffood 5s1thesame ass2no theydonotthrowawaythesameamountoffood c42different3thesame4different5thesameamountoffoodas6black7brown speaking answersfora a11whichwouldyouprefer 2i dpreferacola 3ineedsomethingtowarmmeup a2e g 1s1let shavesomefood theyhavepizzas hamburgers chickenlegsandchickenwings whichwouldyouprefer s2i dpreferapizza whataboutyou s1i mgoingtohaveahamburger ihadpi