句子成分与五种基本句型 .doc

句子成分与五种基本句型 班级： 姓名： 一、句子成分 一）主语：是句子要说明的人或物，是句子的主体，一般放在 。 1.The book is mine. ( )2.I teach you English. （ ）3.Three plus four equals seven. ( )4.To see is to believe. （ ） 5.Smoking is not allowed in public places. （ ）6.Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. （ ）二）谓语由_ _担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语。 划出以下句子的谓语：1.We clean the classroom every day .2.I dont like the picture on the wall. 3.You should have breakfast.三）表语 它的位置在_之后。是用来说明主语的_,_, _的.1.My father is a professor. ( )2.Everything here is expensive. ( ) 3.The story of my life may be of help to others.( )4.His plan is to seek work in the city. ( )5.The match became very exciting.( ) 6.My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. ( )四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在_之后。1.She covered her face with her hands.( ) 2.We havent seen her for a long time. ( )3.We need to know what others are doing. ( )4.We should care about our friends. ( )五）定语 是修饰_ _. 单个词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_ _。1.Mary is a beautiful girl. （ ）2.China is a developing country. ( )3.I have nothing to eat. ( )4.The boy who is talking with Tom is from Beijing. ( )六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况等。1. There is a shop near the school gate. ( )2. I left the village five years ago. ( )3. I arrived late because of the traffic jam .( )4. Well send a car to fetch you. ( )5. The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones.( )6. The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.( )7. If you work hard, you will be successful. ( )8. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. ( )七）宾语补足语英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾补放在 后面补充说明 。1.He found the boy clever.( ) 2.The teacher asked us to hand in our homework.( )3.We elected her monitor of our class. ( )4.I found everything in good order here. ( )5.I saw him going upstairs. ( ) 巩固练习一： 一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：51. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. The apples tasted sweet.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. Would you please tell me your address?9. He found it important to master English.10. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. He sat near the table, reading a newspaper.二、划出从句并判断是哪种从句：1. I dont know if I can do it .2. What he is doing is interesting. 3. The important thing is how we can improve our studies.4. Mr. Li always thinks of how he can do more for us. 5. The news that some foreigners from America will visit our school is exciting. 6. The news that we heard from the teachers office is exciting.7. He began to learn English when he was eleven. 8. I was surprised at what he said . 9. Thats what you are going to do. 10. When the sports meeting will be held is still under discussion. 11. Corn was not the only food that was taken to Europe . 12. He broke the promise that he would pay back my money.13. The promise that he made yesterday is unbelievable. 14. The promise that he made yesterday is that he would pay back my money.15. She loves the library because she loves books. 三、翻译句子：1五年前我住在北京。2.他们成功地完成了计划。 3布朗夫人看起来很健康。4.妈妈给我买了一本新书。5.她邀请我们参加派对。6灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。 7.我们叫她爱丽丝。8.他不知道说什麽好。二、五种基本句型 （一）句子种类：1）、按句子的用途可分四种：陈述句（肯定、否定）; 疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）；祈使句；感叹句 2）、按句子的结构可分三种：简单句、并列句、复合句判断：1.He often reads English in the morning.2. Tom and Mike are American boys.3. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.4. You help him and he helps you. 5. The future is bright；the road is tortuous. 6. We took a lot of pictures when we were at the Great Wall.Conclusion：1简单句： 2. 并列句： 3复合句： （二）简单句的五种基本句型1)、 ： He is a student.在这类结构中最常用的系动词是：“变化”类：_ _ _ _. “感官”类: _ _ _. “持续”类：_ _ _ _. 其他：（似乎）_ _ _ _ (证明是)_ _Exercise： 1. 你的故事听起来很有趣。2. 这种炎热的天气将会保持几天，把鱼放在冰箱里，否则它会变坏的。3. 这个计划证明是可行的。2)、 ： Class begins.1.我们(八点)开始上课。2.我(每天)起床(很早)。3. 玛丽看着那幅漂亮的画。3）、 ： My father bought a car.1.爸爸(昨天)(在宁乡)买了一辆(新)车。2.我们八点开始上课。4)、 ： My father bought me a car. (改写句子) 1.他给了我一个(又大又红的)苹果。2.请把报纸递给我。 5)、 ： We keep our classroom clean and tidy.1.我们选她当班长。2. 我听见有人正在(隔壁房间里)唱歌。注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。（三）并列句的分类Conclusion1: 用来表 关系的并列连词有： 1. He had plenty of money and he spent it freely.2. Not only did he speak more correctly, but also he spoke more easily. Conclusion2: 用来表 关系的并列连词有： e.g. Hurry up, or youll miss the train.Conclusion3: 用来表 关系的并列连词有： 1. Some are rich, while others are poor.2. He is clever, but he is so lazy.Conclusion4: 用来表 关系的并列连词有： 1. I want to be a good doctor, so I study very hard.2. It must have rained last night for it is wet all over.Exercise：1. （2011全国）-Someone wants you on the phone. - nobody knows I am here. A. AlthoughB. And C. ButD. So 2.（2011 山东） Find ways to praise your children often, _ youll find he will open hearts to you. A. till B. or C. and D. but （四） 复合句分为：定语从句 名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句） 状语从句巩固练习二： 一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：1. We often study history on Friday afternoon.2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3. My brother and I go to school at 7:00 a.m. and come back home at 6:00p.m every day.4. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.5. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.6. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.7. What he said at the meeting is very important.8. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.二、判断下列句子的基本句型结构：1. It rains almost every evening here. 6. The meeting will last two hours. 2. All of us considered him honest. 7. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.3. He broke a piece of glass. 8. He made it clear that he would leave the city4. Trees turn green when spring comes. 9.