英语六级常用词汇详解汇总.doc

英语六级常用词汇详解汇总历年大学英语六级常用词汇详解1. Thus, they learn early to hide vulnerable emotions such as love, joy, and sadness because they believe that such feelings are feminine and imply weakness. (2010.12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】因此，男孩子们便早早地学会了隐藏诸如爱、喜悦、悲伤等的脆弱的情绪，因为他们认为这些情绪是女性化的，而且意味着软弱。【词汇】1. vulnerable a. 脆弱的，易受伤的例：Children are vulnerable members of our society.孩子是社会的弱势群体。2. feminine a. 有女性特质的，阴柔的例：You look very feminine in this dress.你穿这条裙子看上去非常有女人味。3. imply a. 暗含，意味，说明例：What did he imply in his words?他的话意味着什么?. It seems that men with traditional views of masculinity are more likely to suppress outward emotions and to fear emotions, supposedly because such feelings may lead to a loss of composure. (2010. 12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】对男子气概有传统观念的男人更可能压抑自己不将情绪外露且害怕情绪，这可能是因为这些情绪可能导致他们情感失控。【词汇】1. masculinity n. 男子气概例：People see sports as a way to show masculinity.人们将体育运动视为展现男子气概的一种方法。2. suppress v. 压抑，镇压例：The young girl couldnt suppress a smile.年轻女孩忍不住笑了出来。3. outward a. 向外的，表面的例：In spite of his outward calm, he is very excited.虽然他看上去很平静，但他其实非常激动。4. composure n. 镇静，沉着例：He retained composure in such a crisis.他在这样的危机中始终保持沉着。. For example, men who endorse traditional masculine norms report lower relationship satisfaction, as do their female partners.(2010.12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】举例来说，据报道，支持传统男性标准的男性的感情关系满意度较低 而他们的另一半也是如此。【词汇】1. endorse v.支持，赞成例：Im afraid I cant endorse your opinion.恐怕我不能赞成你的观点。2. masculine a. 男子气概的，男性化的例：Her voice sounds quite masculine.她的声音听上去相当男性化。3. norm n. 标准，规范例：These are the commonly accepted norms of behavior.这些都是被普遍接受的行为准则。历年大学英语六级常用词汇详解21. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as government-run personnel management and a dangerous precedent. (2010.06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】虽然的确有益处，但商会和其他商业团体都强烈反对，将其形容为“政府运行、自我管理的”、一个“危险的先例”。【词汇】1. modesty n. 谦虚，中肯，端庄例：Modesty helps one make progress.谦虚使人进步。2. chamber n. 会客室，议事厅例：The lawyer is in the chamber.律师现在在会议厅里。3. precedent n. 先例例：There is no precedent for this case.这起案件没有先例。. Society expectsand needsparents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. (2010. 06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】社会期待、同时也要求父母为他们的孩子提供持续的照顾，也就是人类智力、情感、道德能力发展所需要的彻底的、亲密的关爱。【词汇】1. continuity n. 连续性，继续例：There is no continuity between the two passages.这两个段落之间没有连贯性。2. intensive a. 密集的，彻底的，强烈的例：The result was based on an intensive research.这个结论是建立在一项彻底的调查上的。3. intimate a. 亲密的，私人的例：We are intimate friends.我们是亲密的朋友。4. intellectual a. 智力的，聪明的，需要智力的例：Chess is a highly intellectual game. 象棋是一项需要高智慧的比赛项目。. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. (2010.06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】换句话说，家长的所作所为对于国家深切关注的，显而易见地，是因为照顾孩子不仅仅是道德上所必须的，同时也是社会未来的基础。【词汇】1. obvious a. 明显的例：It is obvious that he loves her.很明显，他爱她。2. urgent a. 紧急的，急迫的，坚持要求的例：There is an urgent need for medicine in the earthquake-stricken areas.地震灾区急需药物。3. essential a. 必须的，重要的例：Water is essential for human beings.水是人类的必需品。【语法】1. “be of +抽象名词(词组)”表示主语的某种形状或特征，相当于 be+形容词例：be of value=be valuable;be of interest=be interesting;be of importance= be important历年大学英语六级常用词汇详解3. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better hes reimbursed. Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures. (2009. 12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】不管质量或者结果如何，内科医生做得越多，他获得的返还费用越多。另外，返还费用的多少很大一部分是靠医疗或外科手术。【词汇】1. regardless of不管，不考虑2. reimburse v. 偿还，报销，赔偿例：We will reimburse our customers for their loss.我们会赔偿我们顾客的任何损失。3. surgical a. 外科的，外科医生的，外科手术的例：surgical operations 外科手术4. procedure n. 程序，手续，步骤例：All of our procedures are legal.我们所有的手续都是符合法律规定的。. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries. (2009.12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】通过减免选择初级护理作为职业的学生的助学贷款、减少专科医生与初级护理内科医生之间明显的工资差距等让初级护理对医科学生更具吸引力。【词汇】1. reconcile v. 调和，和解，一致例：We finally reconciled when he apologized.他道歉之后我们就和解了。2. specialist n.专科医生，专家例：He is a specialist in cosmetic surgery.他是整形手术的专家。【语法】1. choose sth. as将选择作为2. by doing + n. 这里的by 表方式，意味：通过的方式，后文“forgiving”和“reconciling”可以看出都是跟随by的，分析此句时可以注意。. Within a few years, the first wave of the 76 million Baby Boomers will become eligible for Medicare. (2009. 12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】几年之内，第一波7600万的婴儿潮一代即将步入老年医保行列。【词汇】1. Baby Boomers n. 那些在第二次大战后大约二十年期间(1946-1965)出生的人; 婴儿潮时期出生的人2. eligible a.合适的，有资格当选的例：He is eligible to apply for the membership of the association.他有资格申请加入这个协会。3. Medicare n.(美国)医疗保险制度例：The Medicare cost is estimated to be one billion dollars.医疗保险制度估计要花费十亿美元。历年大学英语六级常用词汇详解4. Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighborhood activists and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus childrens health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. (2009.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】从12月的新闻报道出来之后，市长、街区活跃分子、各种各样的家长老师联合会都参与到了一场激烈的争论其合法性的战争中：争论小镇西边的钢铸件厂的罪责，争论到底是工会工作重要还是孩子的健康重要，争论到底我们能做什么、该做些什么。【词汇】1. activist n. 积极分子，活动分子例：He is an activist in the union jobs.他是工会工作中的积极分子。2. be engaged in从事，致力于例：Im engaged in writing a letter.我忙着写信。3. validity n. 合法性，正确性，有效性例：I have some questions about the validity of his statement.我对他的陈述的合法性有些疑问。4. versus prep. 对抗，与相对，可简写为：VS例：The most exciting game was Brazil versus Spain.最激动人心的比赛是巴西队对西班牙队。【语法】三个连续的“over”形成排比句，与battle相连，组成a fierce battle over关于的战争。. A 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics explained that nervous parents have more to fear from fire, car accidents and drowning than from toxic chemical exposure. (2009.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】2004年儿科杂志的一篇报道解释说：比起暴露在有毒化学物质中，家长更害怕火灾，交通事故和溺水。【词汇】1. pediatrics n. 儿科学例：He received a Masters degree of pediatrics.他获得了儿科学硕士学位。2. toxic a. 有毒的例：The flower is toxic.这种花有毒。3. exposure n. 暴露，揭发，公开例：Exposure of the skin to the strong sunlight may lead to skin cancer.皮肤受阳光暴晒可能会导致皮肤癌。. Crippling health care bills, long emergency room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily. (2009. 12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】巨额的医疗费用，急症室外漫长的等待，以及初级护理医生的匮乏，这些只是病人每天面对的种种问题的冰山一角。【词汇】1. crippling a. 有严重后果的，此指费用高昂的例：He was burdened with crippling debts.他负债累累。2. inability n. 无能，无力例：He feels upset about the inability to speak English.他对于自己不会说英语感到很苦恼。3. physician n. 内科医生;而surgeon 指外科医生4. scratch n. 抓痕，乱写，起跑线例：Theres a scratch on the side of my car.我汽车的侧面有一道划痕。历年大学英语六级常用词汇详解5. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting sites on the Atlantic coastlines. (2009. 06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】我们已经建立了强大的政府机构来保护它们在大西洋沿岸的主要巢穴。【词汇】1. formidable a. 强大的，可怕的，令人敬畏的例：We have a formidable task ahead of us.我们面临着一项艰巨的任务。2. bureaucracy n. 官僚主义，官僚机构例：People usually complain about the bureaucracy.人们常常抱怨官僚主义。3. erect v. 建立，使竖直例：The building was erected in 1910-1915.这栋建筑是在1910年到1915年间建造的。4. prime a. 最好的，主要的，基本的例：He is the prime suspect.他是主要嫌疑人。. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from threatened to endangered-meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. (2009. 06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】这些数字促使海洋环境保护组织向政府请愿要求将北大西洋的红海龟的保护等级从“近危”升级到“濒危”，这意味着如果没有进一步帮助，他们即将灭绝。【词汇】1. prompt v. 提示，促进，唤起例：Her curiosity prompts her to ask questions.她的好奇心促使她提问。2. petition v. 向请愿，请求例：He petitions his neighbor to turn down the radio.他请求他的邻居把收音机音量调小点。3. upgrade v. 升级，提高，改善例：You need to upgrade your player.你需要升级你的播放器。. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. (2009. 06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】一方面是由于发展，另一方面是海平面逐渐升高，海洋变暖，所以供海龟产卵的本就狭窄的海滩越来越窄。【词汇】1. strip n. 条状，长条例：The kid decorated the present with a silk strip.这孩子用一根丝带装饰了礼物。2. squeeze v. 挤，捏，压迫例：Tom squeezed the bottle, and the water rushed out.汤姆挤压了瓶子，里面的水就喷出来了。【语法】beach on which the turtles lay their eggson which引导的是一个定语从句，先行词是beach，介词+which = where，这里的介词要根据动词来选择，此处是lay their eggs on the beach，故用on。历年大学英语六级常用词汇详解6. The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United States has been creeping upward for years. (2008. 12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】近几年来，美国移民的百分比(包括那些非法入境的)一直在缓慢升高。【词汇】1. immigrant n. 移民 a. 移民的例：The country has large numbers of immigrant population.这个国家移民人口很多。2. unlawfully a. 非法地，不正当地例：They were unlawfully married.他们是非法结婚的。3. creep v. 爬行，匍匐;缓慢地前进例：The baby is just learning to creep.宝宝才刚刚学着爬。. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. (2008. 12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】经过一段时间之后，意大利人，罗马尼亚人还有其他所谓劣等种族的人变成了模范美国人并且对这个伟大的国家做出重要贡献，这些贡献太多以至于不能详述。【词汇】1. In time a. 最后，经过一段时间后，及时2. inferior a.(质量等)低劣的，下等的;(位置在)下面的例：to make someone feel inferior 是某人自惭形秽3. exemplary a. 模范的，典型的例：His behavior was exemplary.他的行为堪称楷模。4. numerous a. 许多的，数不清的例：She has been late on numerous occasions.她已经迟到无数次了。5. magnificent a. 壮丽的，宏伟的例：The magnificent sights attract hundreds of people to come.壮丽的景色吸引了成千上万的人前来。. Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community may become mired in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement. (2008.12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】泰尔斯担心墨西哥裔美国人命中注定会跟随美国黑人的脚步，团体中的大部分人都会陷入一个似乎是永久的贫困和低成就的状态。【词汇】1. be fated to 命中注定2. community n. 社区，社会团体例：The local community was worried about his disappearance.当地社区对他的失踪感到担忧。3. mire v. 深陷例：I am mired in confusion.我深陷在迷惑之中。4. permanent a. 永久的，持久的例：He is looking for a permanent position.他在寻找一个永久的职业。5. underachievement n. 低成就历年大学英语六级常用词汇详解7. Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. (2008.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】可持续发展被应用到各个领域，从能源到清洁的水到经济发展。因此，很难去怀疑其背后的基本假设或者想法被付诸实践的方法。【词汇】1. sustainable a.可持续的例：Sustainable development is the common target of humans.可持续发展是全人类的共同目标。2. be applied to 被应用于3. question v. 对表示怀疑，询问例：The teacher will question us on nouns.老师将提问我们关于名词的知识。4. assumption n. 假定，设想例：The theory is based on a series of wrong assumptions.这个理论是建立在一系列错误的假定之上的。5. concept n. 概念，想法例：the concept of social class 社会等级的概念6. put +n. +to use 将付诸实践，利用. Whats more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050. (2008.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】另外，发展中国家对动物制品的需求增长极快;到2050年，多消耗3亿吨的谷物才能满足这一需求。【词汇】1.whats more 连词，另外2. demand +for 对的需求3. meet the demand 满足需求【语法】demand为主句的主语，for animal products in developing countries都是修饰demand的;从句中meeting it 做主语，其中it是指主句中的demand。. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. (2008.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】关键是要抛弃那些极其简单且一成不变的保持可持续性的方法，那些方法集中于保持产量又不增加破坏。【词汇】1. static a. 静止的，不变的例：The price of the product has been static recently.这件产品的价格近期一直固定不变。2. sustainablity n. 可持续性，永续性可以结合.中的形容词记忆，同一词根的词一起记可以增加背诵效率。历年大学英语六级常用词汇详解8. We have a full-blown prestige panic; we worry that there wont be enough prizes to go around. (2008. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】我们对声誉有极度的恐慌，我们担心没有足够的奖赏给每一个人。【词汇】1. full-blown a. 完全成熟的，盛开的例：He is a full-blown director.他是一名成熟的导演。2. prestige n. 威望，威信，声誉例：He has high prestige among the masses.他在群众中很有威信。3. panic n. 恐慌，惊恐例：There was a panic when the building caught fire.这栋大楼起火一度引起恐慌。. Underlying the hysteria is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. (2008. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】歇斯底里的状态下潜藏的是“稀缺的精英学历必定是非常珍贵的” 这样的一种信念。【词汇】1. hysteria n. 歇斯底里，狂暴的情绪例：Eventually the hysteria died down.狂暴的情绪最终平息了下来。2. scarce a. 缺乏的，稀少的，罕见的例：Good fruit is scarce in winter.好水果在冬天很少见。3. elite n. 精英，精华 a. 精英的，最优秀的例：He is elite in information technology.他是信息技术方面的精英。. Getting into Yale may signify intelligence, talent and ambition. But its not the only indicator and, paradoxically, its significance is declining. (2008. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】能考入耶鲁大学说明学生有智力、天资和抱负。但这并不是唯一的指标，反常的是，其重要性正在下降。【词汇】1. signify v. 表示，意味着，预示例：Dark clouds signify rain.乌云预示着降雨。2. indicator n. 指示器，指标例：Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黄金的价格经常被视为通货膨胀的指示物。3. paradoxically adv. 矛盾地，反常地例：Paradoxically, the success was frustrating.矛盾的是，那次成功让人很沮丧。4. significance n. 重要性，意义They didnt realize the significance of the discovery.他们没有意识到这项发现的重要性。历年大学英语六级常用词汇详解9. With the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound, already-expensive London has become quite unaffordable. (2008. 06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】随着美元兑换英镑的汇率暴跌至26年来的最低点，生活成本已经很高的伦敦着实让人难以承受。【词汇】1. slump v. 大幅度下降，暴跌例：Net profits slumped by 41%.净利润暴跌了41%。2. unaffordable a. 买不起的，负担不起的例：The patient had incomplete treatment because of the unaffordable medical fees.由于无法负担医疗费用，这位病人无法接受完整的治疗。【语法】“with + n./pron. + v-ing”：这一结构在句子中作伴随状语，说明情况，现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作。. The weak dollar is a source of humiliation，for a nations self-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency. (2008. 06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】美元疲软是一种羞辱，因为一个国家的自尊心有一部分源于本国货币的坚挺。【词汇】1. humiliation n. 羞辱例：The result is a total humiliation for him.结果对他来说完全是一种羞辱。2. self-esteem n. 自尊例：Obese people suffer from low self-esteem and depression.肥胖的人深受自尊心弱、抑郁之苦。【语法】for：因为，由于。表附加或推断的理由，引导的分句前常有逗号，for分句一般不放在句首。. Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. (2008.06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】许多欧洲人也许会视美国为一个对外国人有敌意的傲慢的超级大国。【词汇】1. arrogant a. 傲慢的，自大的例：She was selfish and arrogant.她很自私、自大。2. superpower n. 超级大国; 超级强权例：The Chinese Government declares that China will never be a superpower.中国政府声明中国将永远不做超级大国。3. hostile a. 敌对的，怀有敌意的例：Th