《傲慢与偏见》中的幽默和讽刺分析.doc

Pride and prejudice humor and ironyAbstractJane Austen is one of the most famous novelists in the 19th century, occupying a place in the history of English novels. Her style of writing and succinct, humor and wit, sharp profound observation and brilliant shining mocking make her works alongside comedy glorious realism masterpiece. Austen created the six works, including pride and prejudice , which is one of the most popular with readers. Since the novel came out in 1813, nearly 200 years, many critics from different angles, different levels of analyzes the artistic charm of the works. There are also many comments on the study of pride and prejudice humor and irony. But most of them are separate humor and irony to study. This paper aims to analyze the work of the humor and irony. In this work a sense of humor and irony are everywhere. Austen is a perfect use of humor and irony to make this work the comedy classics.IntroduceJane Austen (1775-1817) was an outstanding female characters in English literature in the 19th century novelist. In her short life, she wrote a total of 6 complete novel. Pride and prejudice is her best and the most famous works. Although it was first published in 1813, nearly 200 years , it is still very popular all over the world. Is a truth universally acknowledged that the popularity of Jane Austen will continue for a long time to come. (Jennifer Crusie,2005), this novel has often been two television and film adaptation and it also have a large number of loyal readers all over the world. Xinhua news agency has said that pride and prejudice, the row of shops in China one of the most popular works. The purpose of this paper is to solve why the novel is readable, so popular, English literature and enjoys a high position.Pride and prejudice there are many important research, the work has been from various aspects, such as marriage, character, and the analysis of the feminist movement. There are also many important articles in pride and prejudice Austen research of humor and irony. But after a careful study, I found that most of the critics analyze humor and irony, pride and prejudice. In my point of view, humor and irony cannot entirely separate analysis. A good satire and humor often considered provocative and insight of human survival conditions.The purpose of this paper is to analysis of the novels humor and irony, and reach a conclusion, this is Jane Austens humor and irony, makes it so readable and unremitting perfect combination. It is to make the work good comic masterpiece, is left to readers and viewers more interesting cooperative action between humor and irony.1. Jane Austen, the writer and the pride and prejudice, the novel1.1 introduction to Jane Austen1.1.1 Jane Austens lifeJane Austen, born in southern England, on December 16, 1775, of Steven hampshire, her father was the minister in charge of a country, while her mother is a housewife who is interested in literature, can write stories and poems. Jane Austen was the seventh of eight children and a second of the two girls in her family. She has a particularly close to her sister Cassandra. Austin, unlike many famous writer, she has a quiet life. Jane began writing at a young age. Almost all of the Austin works are mostly about love and marriage, but she never married. She died in 1817, 42 years old, after a long illness.1.1.2 the writing characteristics of Jane AustenIn the day of Austin, many important political events, but in her novels, we cant find these external events. She only depict in the countryside, she is familiar with the quiet. After reading austens works, we can easily find that almost all of austens has the common features: 1 the narrow scope of society and activity description; Mainly deal with marriage problems, focus on the daily life and so on, while in the ordinary and trivial details these are very common social activity, Jane Austen is very vivid description on them, make them more interesting than the reader can be expected. Jane Austen is the most common, the most common scene into the most charming art talent. As Sir Walter Scott praise, the young lady describe participation and feelings and characters of ordinary life, this is my gift of wonderful, I have met with the ordinary commonplace. present truth and character interesting description of delicate touch and my mood was refused. (walter Scott, 1972)Another famous works of Jane Austens characteristic is using her novels the irony in subtle humor. Jane Austen was born artists and most importantly, irony. (David Cecil, 1978), Jane Austen often put her in the late eighteenth century strong upper middle class lifestyle pointed out of irony,pride and prejudice is no exception. (Bradford booth, 1963) in Austen, smart humor is very effective and obvious, it is widely considered to be characteristic of her tone. At the same time, she was to convey her bright humorous irony, and draw our attention.1.2 introduction of pride and prejudice1.2.1The story of pride and prejudiceIt depicts in the Georgian era of rural social society of love and life, about arrogance Mr.Darcy prejudice, Elizabeth bennet between initial misunderstandings and later mutual edification. The story began in hertfordshire longbourn Mr And Mrs Bennet family in the village chief, a sleeping village. They have five daughters - Jane, Elizabeth, Mary, and Catherine and Lydia, their own characteristics and charm. Through a day of talks and humor and irony of young men and women the perfect use of the description of the actions, Austen describes four kinds of marriage and very real and vivid characters. 2. Analysis pride and prejudice comic tone2.1 define sense of humorAccording to longman contemporary advanced English dictionary (new version), humor is 1) very interesting things, make quality; 2) the way that a person or group found something interesting; 3) to be able to understand and appreciate what is fun, and make people laugh at things. For the purpose of this study, using the first definition, will be in broad sense to accept any kind of language, causes the amusement humor pride and prejudice in the discussion. Special attention will be paid to satire, this is an intelligent device.2.2 analysis of pride and prejudice comedyDue to her familys license within the scope of testing the degree of laughter and humor, Jane Austen through the comic spirit in life framework and develop her talent, in her novel creation (tian urge any, 2005). In her six complete novel pride and prejudice is her talents.The novel is a shining light in every respect humor comedy: in characters, plot, structure, dialogue and sound. Open a novel it is a truth universally acknowledged, have a good luck a bachelor must be in want of a wife. The comic novel sound of definition (Mr Zhu, 1997). From two aspects, we can feel sense of comic novel. First of all, the author depicts the vivid cartoon characters. In the novel also have to strengthen the work of comic color two important features: Mrs. Bennet, she is a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper. Mr. Collins, arrogant, pompous, narrow mind, a fool. Jane Austen (1970) second, there are a lot of comedy scene. Writer with comedy scene depicting the story, and said she thought the marriage. Through its comedy scenes, a novel is full of humorous (Mr Zhu, 1997). One of the most famous and the most brilliant is Mr. Collins suggested that Elizabeth. Have a happy happy ending: the novel heroine Elizabeth and darcy, the hero finally got a happy marriage and other perfect couple Jane and Bennet are reunited, more hopeless Lydia and wickham, and become a couple. Mrs. Bennet, who has been laughing was proved to be correct, the most important thing is that in the end.2.3 pride and prejudice in the sense of humorWrite all the novels of Jane Austen, critics say is the most funny pride and prejudice. The book is full of humor and comic, this is one of the most important feature of this job. (Bai Xinmin, 2003). There are two main types of pride and prejudice in the sense of humor. The first is the subtle humor, this is usually a conversation in the novel, especially Mr. Bennet, Elizabeth and darcy. 2 it is Mrs. Bennet jump a new richest man in town, or a nervous breakdown between Mr. Collins and excitement of bow to see more clearly an embarrassment, farce comedy. Between the former type of humor in the person mostly found that used to display relationships that exist in the familiar and comfortable level. The latter is humor, Austen scorn and derision, some people she deprecated.3. Analysis of irony in pride and prejudice3.1 definition of ironyAccording to longman contemporary advanced English dictionary (new version), the irony is that 1) talk about something or written way, politics and politicians, for example, when you deliberately make them look very funny, so, people will see their shortcomings; 2) plays, books, write this story, etc. This paper through the above-mentioned two aspects of meaning, because Jane Austen USES a lot of irony, make pride and prejudice of satire. The fourth part of this paper is to pay a lot of attention, the author of how to use humor in order to achieve the purpose of irony.3.2 Austens pride and prejudice in the satire artJane Austen, one of the features of the writing is her in her novel the good use of satire. She be fond of, and with proper words in the right place opinion is implicit in all of her literary irony. (Mary Russell, 1989), pride and prejudice of irony art is not only used to describe a persons character, but also can be used in the structure of the whole story. Austens main object is the irony of the novel mercenaries and ignorance of people, a common criticism of the 18th century.Carry the best qualities of the characters in the novel are: Mrs. Bennet, a foolish woman, said too much, and let the obsession with her daughter get married; Lydia bennet, who is the youngest bennet daughter dance, fashion life gossip and flirting; Mr Williams Collins, lady Catherine to make. Was very surprised, in every aspect of his life, he had forgotten his own morals and duty is completely stupid and arrogant baboons.3.3The irony in pride and prejudice We can see the irony in pride and prejudice mainly through two aspects: 1) the theme is the irony; 2) characters and language is the irony. Marriage is the theme of the novel. The author describes the four kinds of marriage. Her sarcasm to marry money (Mr. Collins and charlottes marriage) and warm (wickham and Lydia marriage). Has many characters, austens irony: Mrs. Bennet, Mr. Collins, lady Catherine, wickham and Lydia, like the fool in the world of comic play. Writers irony Elizabeth who in this novel wise. In a word, you can see irony in the novel.4. humor and ironyIn pride and prejudice, we can easily amused the humor and irony. This is the best comedy of the novel. We cant read this scene, in stitches. In the following section of this article, I want to take Mr. Collinss proposal to Elizabeth and coffee lady Catherine access to longbourn Elizabeth as an example. Because they are the most humorous moments in the novel, we can find a lot by Jane Austens irony in these two scenarios wit humor. As we all know that the reason Pride and Prejudice can exceed the ordinary fictions and rank the top in the world is that Irony is used lively throughout the whole story. While reading this novel, readers can get feelings of relax and funny through Irony and the authors sense of humor. Moreover, some hints of life and marriage can also be got from it. Now, lets discuss and enjoy irony used in this novel together. (1) The beginning sentences of the novel:From the very beginning of the story, the author uses a so-called truth to start expressing his ironic attitude towards marriage in the society of that time. “It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.” “However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighborhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of someone or other of their daughters.”From the sentences above, readers may firstly get information that any single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife, which is apparently conveyed by the author. However, read and think deeply, this is just an irony that the author used in order to convey an opposite meaning. The real meaning of these sentences is that women educated well but without a good fortune would always want to marry a husband that has a good fortune, they treat it as the only way to get rid of their humble status. Here in the story, instead of expressing it out directly, the author uses irony to indirectly deliver this message to readers. By doing this, she intends to satirize marriage in the society of that era. At that time, marriages mostly base on money and interest. After thinking deeply and finally getting the authors real meaning, certainly we always cant help laughing and getting deeper impression. Its effect is much better than that of expressing it directly. This is the effect of using irony, much funnier, more impressive, more outstanding effect of irony.(2) Mr. Bennett:At the beginning of the novel, we can know that Mr. Bennett has a peculiar characteristic and he likes to make jokes on droll people around him, especially his wife who is light in the head. For example, at the beginning of the novel, when Mr. Bennett refuses to visit Mr. Bingley, Mrs. Bennett is very angry:“Mr. Bennett, how can you abuse your own children in such a way”“You mistake me, my dear. I have a high respect for your nerves. They are my old friends. I have heard you mention them with consideration these twenty years at least.”Mr. Bennett is a moody woman, she complain again that her husband doesnt respect her nerves. Mr. Bennetts reply is fully ironic, he states that he “have a high respect for your nerves”, “they are my old friends”, “at least 20 years”. He likes to use ironic tones to reply to his wife. For another example, when Mr. Bennett pretends to refuse his wifes request of visiting Mr. Bingley because he gets tired of her, he says:“Why me? You and the girls can go, or you can send them alone, which will be even better. You are as handsome as any of them. Mr. Bingley might like you best.“My dear, you flatter meWhen a woman has five daughters she ought to stop thinking of her own beautyBut you must go and see Mr. Bingley when he comes.”In the above dialogue, Mr. Bennett knows clearly that his wife and daughters are not able to visit Mr. Bingley base on the current custom, and he does not really think that his wife is pretty. His praise is lack of sincerity, but only with irony. Moreover, this ironic description also reminds readers to pay attention to Mr. Bennetts life attitude of loving to tease others, and Mrs. Bennetts ridiculous thought of making the daughters married anxiously.Lastly, when Mrs. Bennett misunderstands that any other girl live neighborly has got to know Mr. Bingley firstly, she is angry and upset, so she begins to blame her 4th daughter Kitty:“Dont keep coughing so, Kitty, for heavens sake! Have a little compassion on my nervesYou tear them to pieces“Kitty has no discretion in her coughs”, said her father, “she times them ill.”But when Mrs. Bennett knows that Mr. Bennett has already visited Mr. Bingley, and Mr. Bingley will soon visit them back, she gets excited immediately and speaks to her husband that:“How good it was in you, my dear Mr. Bennett! But I knew I should persuade you at last. I was sure you loved your girls too well to neglect such an acquaintance. Well, how pleased I am! And it is such a good joke too, that you shall have gone this morning, and never said a word about it till now.”“Now, Kitty, you may cough as much as you chuse,” said Mr. Bennett, and as he spoke, he left the room, fatigued with the raptures of his wife.Mr. Bennetts reply is an irony. Firstly, he replies to his wifes long praise with “Now, Kitty, you may cough as much as you chuse”, the subject that he sneers at is not his daughter Kitty, but his wife Mrs. Bennett, who is moody and with blank brain except for the only thought of making her daughters married with rich men. Secondly, “and as he spoke, he left the room, fatigued with the raptures of his wife”, this sentence enhances the ironic tone more deeply, and readers can also know that relationship between Mr. and Mrs. Bennett has been lack of respect and trust.(3) Sisters Bingley:Although Household Bingley is rich, they make their fortune by the flourish industry of North England, which is just similar with Sisters Bennetts uncle who is often sneered at by them of making a live of doing business. The two sisters remain themselves with the upper society, their characteristics of pride make them unwilling to be close to Sisters Bennett, who belong to middle class. Although both of them like the beautiful and kind Jane, they still often sneer at her relatives in private. For example:“I think I have heard you say that their uncle is an attorney in Meryton”“Ye, and they have another, who lives somewhere near Cheapside.”“That is Capital,” added her sister，and they laughed heartily.Here, Miss Bingley particularly stresses that Cheapside is near London, and this is very familiar to the hearer. We can see that although the sisters Bingley belong to upper class, they are both dissemblers. They treat Jane like their sister seemingly, but sneer at her relatives in private. Meanwhile, in the above dialogue, their satiric words seem to entertain themselves seemingl