牛津版高中英语必修4课件：Unit 3《Tomorrow’s World》Grammar and usage.ppt

unit3tomorrow sworld grammarandusage theman call goodhusband iscalled thepetdog treat byveterinary isbeingtreated afrog catch byabigbirdjustnow wascaught i move bythebraveastronautsfeijunlongandniehaishen havebeenmoved be pastparticiple thepassivevoice pointouttheverb thesubjectandtheobjectinthefollowingsentences wekeepfoodinthefridge theboybroketheglass wemustclosethewindowsandthedoor s v o s v o s v o changethesesentencesintothepassivevoice wekeepfoodinthefridge foodiskeptinthefridge theboybroketheglass theglasswasbrokenbytheboy youmustclosethewindowsandthedoor thewindowsandthedoormustbeclosed howcanwechangeasentenceintopassivevoice 1 findouttheobjectofthesentenceanduseitasthesubjectofthesentencewiththepassivevoice 2 decidethetenseofthesentenceandusetherelatedformofitspassive 3 ifnecessary use by tojointheformersubject whichshouldbeputintoitsobjectform whendoweusethepassivevoice manyhouseswillbebuilthere 1 不知道或没必要指出动作的自行者 thesong theeastisred waswrittenbyapoorpeasant 2 强调动作的承受者 theplanwassupportedbythosewhowishedtohavemorechancestospeakenglish 3 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语 youarerequestedtoattendthemeeting 4 出于礼貌 不愿意说出动作的执行者 changethefollowingsentencesintothepassivevoice 1 allofuslikeher 2 wearediscussingthequestion 3 wehaveputoffthemeeting 4 iwilldevelopmypicturenextweek sheislikedbyallofus thequestionisbeingdiscussed themeetinghasbeenputoff mypicturewillbedevelopednextweek be done am is are am is are being shall will be have has been be done was were would be hadbeen was were being pleasereadpoint3onpage48 fillintheblanketswiththerightformofthewordsgiven i give anewbookbymyfatheronmybirthday english find veryuseful 3 thework finish tomorrow 4 theflowers water bythemnow wasgiven isfound willbefinished arebeingwatered 5 therailway build thistimelastyear 6 thenewway already build 7 thenewrailway build bytheendoflastyear 8 hetoldmethesportsmeeting hold thenextmonth 9 rice grow inthesouthofthestates wasbeingbuilt has beenbuilt hadbeenbuilt wouldbeheld isgrown changethefollowingsentencesintopassivevoiceandaskquestionsabouttheunderlinedparts 1 wewillbuildmanynewsportsvenuesforthebeijingolympics manynewsportsvenueswillbebuiltforthebeijingolympics whatwillbebuiltforthebeijingolympics 2 iwaswatchingthefinalmatchontvyesterdayevening 3 johncarriedthecanadianflagattheopeningoftheolympics thefinalmatchwasbeingwatchedyesterdayevening wherewasthefinalmatchbeingwatchedyesterday thecanadianflagwascarriedbyjohnattheopeningoftheolympics who whom wasthecanadianflagcarriedbyattheolympics 4 wehavemadetheflagsbyhand 5 iwilltakecareofyourdogwhileyouareaway theflagshavebeenmadebyhand howhavetheflagsbeenmade yourdogwillbetakencareofwhileyouareaway whatwillbetakencareofwhileyouareaway modalverb be done wecanusemodalverbsinthepassivevoicetotalkaboutability possibility duty permission etc firefighterscouldbetrainedusingrealcine computerscancalculatethepositionofthevieweranytime thepositionoftheviewercanbecalculatedatanytime practice 1 theviewercantouchtheobjectsinthefilm 2 theviewermayfeelarealsenseofachievementandhappiness 3 realcinemightnotimpresssomeviewers theobjectsinthefilmcanbetouched arealsenseofachievementandhappinessmaybefelt someviewersmightnotbeimpressedbyrealcine 4 teacherscoulduserealcineintheclassroomtoo 5 film makersshoulduserealcineforallfilms 6 scientistsoughttodeveloprealcinefurther 7 theviewermustwearspecialgloves realcinecouldbeusedintheclassroomtoo realcineshouldbeusedforallfilms realcineoughttobedevelopedfurther specialglovesmustbeworn 被动语态的各种句型 1 单宾语结构 ourenglishteacheroftenusesatape recorderinteachingenglish atape recorderisoftenused byourenglishteacher inteachingenglish thevillagersgavetheforeignguestsawarmwelcome theforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythevillagers awarmwelcomewasgiventotheforeignguestsbythevillagers weofferedpeopleinthefloodedareassomefoodandclothes 2 双宾语结构 peopleinthefloodedareasweregivensomefoodandclothes somefoodandclothesweregiventothepeopleinthefloodedareas 3 复合宾语结构 theyheardsomeonesinginginthenextroom object objectcomplement someonewasheardsinginginthenextroom 在主动语态中 有些使役动词和感观动词后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语 但在被动语态中 要改为带to的不定式作主语补足语 如 see hear makesb dosth sb beseen heard madetodosth theysawtheboyfallfromthetree theboywasseentofallfromthetree 4 短语动词结构 相当于及物动词的短语动词也可以有被动语态 如 lookafter giveup takecareof payattentionto makeuseof putoff wakeup putout等 thechildrenmustbetakencareof thebigfirehasbeenputout 特别警士 1 只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态 不及物动词 不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态 如 happen goon takeplace belongto sound feel等 correctmistakes thisroomisbelongedtome thismusicissoundedsweet belongsto sounds 2 有些动词常用主动形式表示被动的意思 如 act cook keep look open write read sell wash等 yourarticlereadswell thistypeofcarsellswellinchina thishallmeasures100metreslongand60metreswide itissaidthat itisreportedthat itishopedthat itiswellknownthat itisbelievedthat itmustbeadmittedthat itmustbepointedoutthat 3 在一些固定句型中常用被动语态 如 被动语态与系表结构 被动语态表示动作 句子主语是该动作的承受者 过去分词表示动作 而系表结构表示状态 说明主语的特点或所处的状态 thelongnovelwaswrittenbymr luxuninthe1920s thelongnoveliswellwritten isn tit theglasswasbrokenbyhislittlesonyesterday look theglassisbroken whobrokeit 被动语态 被动语态 系表结构 系表结构 feedback choosethebestanswers isbobstillperforming i mafraidnot heissaid thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial tohaveleftb toleavec tohavebeenleftd tobeleft 2 don tyouthinkitnecessarythathe tomiamibuttonewyork iagree buttheproblemis hehasrefusedto willnotbesent thatnotbesent thatc shouldbotbesent whatd shouldnotsend what 3 millionsofpounds worthofdamage byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofenglandlastnight a hasbeencausedb hadbeencausedc willbecausedd willhavebeencaused4 muchattentionshould therapidincreaseinthenumberofcarsontheroads whichmay trafficjamsandmoreaccidents a payto resultinb bepaid resultfromc bepaidto resultind bepaid resultfrom 5 sheisveryshyandsheisnotusedto infrontofothers a praiseb praisingc beingpraisedd bepraised6 whatdidthestudentsthinkofthespeechmadebythelectureeryest