8A_Unit1_Friends复习要点[1].doc

牛津初中英语8A Unit1 Friends复习要点序号ChineseEnglish1喝(吃)的东西something to drink/eat2更多一些食物some more food3没有任何别的东西nothing else4一个八年级学生a Grade 8 student5写信给某人(有关有事/某人)write to sb. (about sth./sb.)6举办一次写作/绘画比赛hold a writing/drawing competition7愿意/乐意做某事be willing to do sth. = be ready/glad to do sth.8在任何时候（at）any time9给需要座位的人让座give seats to people in need10环球旅行travel around the world11和. 一样as +(形容词或副词原级) + as .不如not as/so+ (形容词或副词原级) + as .= less + (形容词或副词原级) +. than.12保守秘密keep a secret / keep secrets13使我快乐make作使役动词make me happy (make + 宾语 + 形容词)让我笑make me laugh (make sb. do sth.)14走过walk past . =pass15把.撞翻knock over (代词放中间)16告诉某人某事tell sb. sth.告诉某人有关某事tell sb. about sth.17讲笑话tell (funny) jokes开某人的玩笑play a joke on sb18说某人的坏话say a bad word about sb.19视力差have poor eyesight20(富)有幽默感have a (good) sense of humour21因为/由于because of(+名词/代词/名词性短语)22感到无聊/不开心feel bored/ unhappy23与.混合在一起get mixed up with . 24对某人很大方be generous to sb.25投票给某人/投票选举某人vote for sb.26努力（不）做某事try (not) to do sth.尽力做某事try/do ones best to do sth.27A和B两者都.both A and B.28所有的这些户外活动all of these outdoor activities29倾听人们的难题listen to peoples problems帮助人们解决难题help people solve problems30一个社会工作者a social worker31与某人交朋友make friends with sb.32高兴做某事be happy to do sth.33分享某人的快乐share ones joy34面带微笑wear a smile on ones face35同意某人的意见（或所说的话）agree with sb.同意某件事（计划，安排等）agree to sth.经过协商在某件事在达成一致agree on sth.同意做某事agree to do sth.36在左边的那个男孩the boy on the left37希望做某事hope to do sth.38在将来in the future39你们杂志的一个读者a reader of your magazine40在午餐期间during lunchtime41给某人提意见give sb. advice42对.很了解know very well43在某事上有困难have some problems with sth.做某事有困难have some problems (in) doing sth.44在隔壁next door = in the next room/flat/house45因.而出名be famous for.作为.而出名be famous as.【基础知识精讲】1.Something （1）不定代词，意思是“某事；某物”，常用在肯定句中。如：We have something interesting to tell you. 我们有一些有趣的事告诉你。I want something to drink. 我想喝点东西。（2）用在疑问句中往往是向别人提出请求。如：Can I have something to drink ? 我能喝点东西吗？Could I have something delicious to eat ? 我可以吃点美味的东西吗？2. Share 动词，意思是“分享、合用”常用词组share sth with sb。如：Eddie never shares food with Hobo 埃迪从不和霍波共享食物。Mary shared her umbrella with me. 玛丽让我和她合用她的雨伞。3.Make 动词，意思是“ 使，让”，它的宾语后面常接宾语补足语，其常用结构是：make sb do sth和 make +宾语 +adj,如：Her words made me sad.她的话使我很难过。 He tells funny jokes and always makes me laugh.他讲滑稽的笑话，总是让我发笑。4.Willing形容词，意思是“愿意的，乐意的”.常用在:“be willing to do sth ”这一巨型中，表示“愿意做某事”。如：I am willing to help you.我乐意帮助你。The boy is not willing to stay at home by himself.那个男孩不愿一个人呆在家里。3 in need短语，意思是“有需求的” “处于需求状态的”。如：A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难之交才是真朋友。She is willing to help people in need.她乐于帮助需要帮助的人们。4 Because 和 because of 连词because，后接从句，表原因；短语because of 也可表示“因为”，它后接名词、名词短语或代词。如：I must go home now because it is too late.我现在必须回家了，因为太晚了。He didnt go to school because he was ill yesterday.He didnt go to school because of his illness.他昨天没有上学，因为他生病了。She has poor eyesight because of too much computer work at night.她因为夜里做了大量的电脑工作，所以她的视力不好。5 bore , bored 和boring(1) bore 作及物动词，意思是“使厌倦”“使枯燥”。如： That lesson bored the students.那堂课使学生厌倦。 His fathers words bored him to death. 他父亲的话使他烦的要死。(1) bored 作形容词，意思是“感到厌倦”，主语通常是人。如： Xiao Ming feels bored at home. 小明在家觉得无聊。 Do you feel bored when you are alone ? 当你独自一人时，你觉得无聊吗？(2) boring 作形容词，指人或事物性质，意为“令人厌烦的”。如：I think playing computer games is boring. 我认为玩电脑游戏很无聊。The meeting is boring. 那个会议令人厌烦。8. wear 动词，意思是“穿，戴”也可表示“带着”。与put on 的区别，wear 强调的是状态；put on强调的是动作。May likes wearing a dress. 梅喜欢穿连衣裙。He put on his raincoat and went out. 他穿上雨衣出去了。9. fit (1) 作及物动词，意为“适合”。如：The coat doesnt fit me. 这件大衣不适合我。These keys dont fit the lock. 这些钥匙不配这把锁。 （2）作不及物动词，意为“适合”“合身”。如：They dont fit together. 它们不相配。My clothes fit well. 我的衣服很合身。10. knock动词，意思是“敲”，如：Alan is knocking at the door. 艾伦正在敲门。Knock over ,意思是“打翻”，“打倒”，“撞倒”。如：Betty knocked over the cups on the table.贝蒂把桌子上的杯子碰掉了。Nick was knocked over by a bus yesterday.尼克昨天被公共汽车撞倒了。11think of动词短语，意思有“想起”“记起”“考虑”等；类似的短语还有：think about(思考，考虑)；think over(仔细考虑)等。如：I cant think of your name. 我想不出他的名字。We are thinking of/about going to America for our holiday.我们考虑到美国去度假。I must think over this question. 我必须仔细想一想这题。12vote 动词，意思是“投票”“选举”。常用词组Vote for（投票赞成） vote against（投票反对）。如：We will vote for/ against you. 我们将投票选举你/不选举你。You are only fifteen. You are too young to vote.你只有十五岁，还不到投票的年龄。13advice不可数名词，意思是“忠告，建议”，通常用以下几种方式来表达其数量：a piece of advice, some pieces of advice some advice.Can you give me some advice about this article?你能就这篇文章提些建议吗？14Can I have some more food too? 我还能在吃一点食物吗？More 在这里不是比较级，意思是“另外的”，“附加的”，常用来修饰名词。如：Have some more tea! 再来点茶吧！We need three more minutes to think about it.我们要再用三分钟考虑这事。15There is nothing else in the fridge. 冰箱里没有别的东西了。else 和 other 都能表示“别的”，但是词性和用法有所不同。（1）else 作副词时，常后置修饰疑问副词；作形容词时，常后置修饰不定代词和疑问代词。如：What else do you want to say ? 你还想说什么？Where else did you search just now? 你刚才还搜索了哪里？（2）other 作形容词修饰名词时，置于名词之前。“the other +单数名词”指“两者中的另一个”；“ the other +复数名词”指“除去整体中的一个或一部分之后剩下来的全部”；“any other +单数名词”泛指“其他当中的任何一个”“other +复数名词”泛指“其他所有的”。如：I am looking for the other boy. 我正在寻找两个男孩子中的另一个。I am looking for the other students. 我正在寻找剩下来的一部分学生。Max is taller than any other student in our class.马克思在我们班上比任何一个学生都要高。Dont bother her. She has other things to do. 不要打扰她，她还有其他的事要做。16 We have been best friends for a long time. 我们成为好朋友已经很久了。这是一个现在完成时的句子，“have +过去分词”够成现在完成时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。如：They have been in China for five years. 他们在中国已有五年了。The old man has been dead for two years. 那个老人去世两年了。17Peter is the tallest of the six students. 彼得是六个学生中最高的。最高级后面常用of 或in 短语表示比较范围。of短语表示具体的比较对象，而in短语则表示一个范围.如：He is the strongest of the three. 他是三个同学中最强壮的。Lesson one is the easiest of the seven lessons. 第一课是七课当中最简单的。She is the slimmest in her class. 她是班上最苗条的。Jacks drawing is the most beautiful in our class. 杰克的画是我们班上最漂亮的。18Millie is as tall as Kitty. 米莉和基蒂一样高。as +形容词原级+as 意思是“与一样”not as +形容词原级+as 意思是“与不一样”English is as important as Chinese. 英语和汉语一样重要。This story is not as interesting as that one. 这个故事没有那个有趣。19. Youre so kind. be kind / polite / helpful /generous to sb. Its kind/ polite / friendly of sb. to do sth. / Its important for sb. to do sth. e.g. He is very kind. He helps me with my English. 二合一_20. Can I have some more food too? 数量词+more +名词 = another +数量词+名复/ some(no; a little; many; much; a few) +more +名词e.g. He wants to have two more cakes._21. What about the pizza in your bowl? What/ How about (doing) sth? / What about sb./one/s doing sth? 1. Theres nothing else in the fridge._ something/ anything/ nothing + else ; what/who/where +else; somebody elses +n. other +n. e.g.What else can you see in thepicture?=_22Do you believe what she says?(划线处是宾语从句。语序必须用陈述语序)Do you know _(他正在干什么)？23I think that to be helpful and polite is quite important.= I think it is quite important to be helpful and polite. / Its very important for us to be friendly. I think _(对我们来说帮助别人是很重要的)24She is as slim as I am.= Both she and I are slim./Not only she but also I am slim./She as well as I is slim. 25We have been best friends for a long time. have/ has been + n./adj. for some time. (现在完成时强调过去的动作一直延续到现在。它是助动词have/has +过去分词构成)e.g. He _(成为一个医生)for five years. = He _ a doctor five years _. 26I never feel bored or unhappy when he is with me.(划线处是时间状语从句)27I hope to become a famous singer hope to do sth. / hope that 从句 e.g. I hope him to become a wonderful singer. (改错) _28I dont know how to talk to my new classmates./ I dont know how I shall talk to my new classmates.e.g. I dont know what I can do now.=I dont know _ .III.Grammar: 1. She has short hair. (形容词作定语)/ Her hair is short.(形容词作表语) 2. Sandys hair is longer than Millies hair. (两者之间用比较级) / Millies hair is not as long as Sandys. My book is more interesting than his book. / His book is not as interesting as mine./ His book is less interesting than mine.记住：much; a little; a lot; even; still等修饰比较级。 A +比较级+ than B B is not as +原级+ as A3. He is the tallest boy in my class.(三者以上用最高级) / He is taller than any other boy in my class. A the +最高级+sth./ sb. A +比较级than any other +名单4. A as +原级+as B (程度相同用原级) 5. Anot as/so +原级as B (程度不同)e.g. 1)Swimming is not as interesting as hiking.= Hiking is more interesting than swimming. 2) Cycling is as dangerous as diving.= Cycling is dangerous, so is diving./ Both _ and _ _ dangerous. / Not only _ but also diving _ dangerous. / Cycling _ _ _ diving _ dangerous. 6. The +比较级+句子，the +比较级+句子 越越e.g.你工作越细心，你犯的错误就越少. The _ _ you are, _ _youll make mistakes.7. 比较级+and +比较级 越来越e.g.我们的国家变得越来越强壮。Our country is getting _ _ _.EXX：I. 同义句改写：1. Li Lei has many apples. Jim has more apples. Jim has _ _ _ Li Lei.2. Wu Dong runs fastest in his class. Wu Dong runs _ _ _ _ students in his class. No one _ _ _ _ Wu Dong.3I like Chinese better than maths. I _ Chinese _ maths. 4She has been in this school for 3 years . She _ to this school _ _ _. 5Jane arrived here earlier than the other two girls. Jane arrived here _ _ the three girls. 6I believe what he says. I believe _ _. II. 改错：1. Climbing hills is so exciting as skiing. _ 2. He is much taller than student in his class. _ 3. Parents and teachers should give children some good advices on study. _ 4. Her hair is a little longer than me. _ 5. They make her looks really pretty and kind. _ 6. When I feel boring, I go on the Internet. _ 7. The more careful we do our homework, the fewer mistakes we will make. _ 8. It is colder in Beijing than Shanghai in winter. _ 9. Beijing is more beautiful than any other city in Australia. _ 10. She is more younger than Tom. 【同步练习及讲解】一.词汇1 根据英文释义写出正确的单词 to have or share the same idea, feeling etc. be good at or fond of music to use and have something with others a shape with four same sides and four right angles someone in his or her teens very well known goodlooking public notice in newspaper and TV to attract public attention 2. 根据汉语提示用单词的正确形式填空 Mum and Dad ask me to be (诚实). I often help my friends (解决) problems. She has straight , (齐肩的) hair. Our English teacher has a good sense of (幽默). Good friends can keep (秘密). Stephen often wears glasses because of bad (视力). They are (乐意) to help others. Tom likes to play (玩笑) on everyone.二 单项选择1 Daniel doesnt run Simon.A. as quick as B. so quick as C. as quickly as D. so faster as2. Have you got to tell us?A. anything new B. new nothing C. new something D. nothing new3. We have lots of cakes here. What about one?A. other B. the other C. another D. others4. “ do you want to have ?” “Nothing.”A. What other B. Else what C. What else D. Other what5