英语竞赛试题.doc

2011年水利与环境学院英语竞赛试卷（满分120分）时间：120分钟Part I Vocabulary and Structures (15 marks)There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices, marked A, B C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. The _ driver thinks that accidents only happen to other people.A. generalB. usualC. commonD. average2. Our planned visit to the United States _ because we were unable to get the visas.A. fell overB. fell downC. fell throughD. fell on3. When Sally _ the criminal _ her house, she screamed at the top of her voice because she didnt want _.A. saw; enter; killed B. saw; enter; to be killedC. sees; entering; be killed D. sees; enter; killing4While senior officers tried to play down the racial aspects of the riots，the internal Metropolitan police files released this month at the public record office confirm that the disturbances were overwhelmingly _ by 300 to 400 strong “Keep Britain White” mobs ，many of them Teddy boys armed with iron bars ，butchers knives and weighted leather belts，who went “nigger-hunting” among the West Indian residents of Noting Hill and Noting Dale Aerupted Bcommenced Ctriggered Dinaugurated5The first night left five black men _ on the pavements of Noting Hill Alying unconscious Bthere died Cfeel faint Dserious hurt6The Met com missioner was told that _ the 108people who were charged with offences ranging from grievous bodily harm to affray and riot and possessing offensive weapons，72 were white and 36 were “colored” Afor Bfrom Cof Din7. Scientists have warned that penguins in the Antarctic could be very_to changes in climate and could be threatened by any long-term temperature shifts. A. superstitious B. acceptable C. suspicious D. susceptible8. Its freezing outside; youd better _ black ice when you drive home. A. look down on B. check up on C. watch out for D. keep out 9. He wouldnt want _ of his parents to know that he has a girlfriend. A. either B. any C. neither D. none10. Her performance in the last scene was _ . A. fairly describable B. quite remarkable C. rather notable D. very noticeable 11. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, _symbolic representation of reality.A. what it is conceived B. that is conceivedC. what is conceived to be D. that is being conceived of12. Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother _to swim.A. how will it learn B. will it learn howC. it will learn how D. and it learns how13. Several of the administrative participants recognized the support and leadership from their institutions chief executive officers as a serious motivating factor at those moments _. A. if the problem was challenging B. as the situation became serious C. when the challenges seemed overwhelming D. which the counterpart grew manipulating14. Girl: Hi Paullooking forward to your holiday? Boy: Oh, yeahits going to be great. Though Im a bit worried that Ive packed the wrong clothes. I dont think the weathers going to be as good as I hoped. Girl:_ Boy: Thats rightmy first flight. A. Everything will be OK, isnt it? B. Youre flying on Saturday, arent you? C. Its far from here, as everybody knows. D. Thats a good idea, anyway. 15. John: What plastic products do you have in mind that are easy to recycle? Tom: Shampoo bottles, detergent bottles, medicine bottles, food containers, etc. They are all easily collectable and reusable. John: _, but actually I think you are missing the point of recycling. It doesnt just mean using old bottles again and again for the same purpose. What it means these days is melting the plastics down and building them up again into some completely new product. A. Not too bad B. Something is wrong C. Youre right there D. Its a new ideaPart II Reading Comprehension (50 marks)Directions: There is5 passage in this part .For each of part with 5 questions, and there are four choices marked A, B, C and D in each question. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. (Passage1) New Findings in Archaeologyl South America and Madagascar were joined 70 million years ago Picture: ReutersAn old croc: The discovery in Brazil of a nearly complete fossilised skeleton of the prehistoric crocodile Ubera-basuchus terrificus, above, supports theories that South America and Madagascar were joined 70 million years ago.Weve all just got 40,000 years older Two skulls found in Africa have been identified as the oldest human remains known to science. The fossilised bones found in 1967 were originally thought to be 130,000 years old. But a re-dating of rock layers near those which yielded the fossils showed they are actually about 195,000 years oldfrom the time modern humans emerged. The skulls, known as Omo I and II, push back the known presence of Homo sapiens in Africa by 40,000 years. The previous oldest Homo sapiens skulls, dated to between 154,000 and 160,000 years old, were found near a village called Herto in the afar region of eastern Ethiopia. Omo I and II were unearthed by famous palaeontologist Richard Leakey along the Omo River in southern Ethiopia, near the town of Kibish. Omo Is more modern features led to disagreement among experts over whether they were the same age. The rocks in which they were found show they are, said Australian archaeologist Prof Ian McDougall, who made the discovery. He told scientific journal “Nature”: “Omo I and Omo II are relatively securely dated to 195,000 years old, making them the oldest anatomically modern human fossils yet recovered.” 16. By which means could the scientists tell the age of fossils they have found? A. The bones of the fossils. B. The place where they were found. C. The history of humans. D. Identifying the rock layers of the fossils. 17How many years older has our species become by the new discovery? A. 130,000. B. 40,000. C. 195,000. D. Between 154,000 and 160,000. 18. Where were the Omo I and II found? A. Near Herto. B. Along the Omo River. C. Near Kibish. D. In Australia. 19. What does the word “ homo sapiens” mean in this passage? A. Human being. B. A sample of fossils. C. A river. D. A country. 20. Which of the following statements are NOT true according to the passage? A. The discovery of an old crocodile skeleton in Brazil makes people believe that South America and Madagascar were joined 70 million years ago. B. Prof Ian McDougall thought Omo I and II were the oldest human fossils discovered. C. Prof Ian McDougall discovered that Omo I and II were not the same age. D. Omo I and II were discovered in southern Ethiopia.(Passage2) Taking a peep at whats going on in your headCARL Filer，18，a star salesman at a BQ hardware store in the UK，was called up for promotion within one week of starting workBut，instead of being made supervisor，he was sackedafter his employers saw the results of his psychometric test You might think that anyone who answers that he“strongly disagreeshe is an over-achiever is asking for trouble，but Mr Filer already thought he had proved himself more than capable This year，nearly half of UK firms46 percentwill use psychometric tests to select trainees，compared with just 17 percent in 2000，according to a report for GTI，a publisher of graduate career guides These tests，which rate candidates ability and gauge their personality，have been used in the UK since the 1980sBut assorted studies have shown most peoplegraduates in particularare wholly cynical about the idea of their personality being“measured “People tend to see them as either too silly or too clever，says Clive Fletcher，professor of occupational psychology at University of London“But all the evidence indicates the tests do have some value The first personality test as we know it，was developed by the American army in 1917 to filter out weak recruits But it was not until the 1980s that the tests became popular in BritainWith a rising number of graduates going for a decreasing number of jobs，organizations began to see psychometric testing as a cheap，reliable alternative to the expensive，time-consuming interview But today the tests are becoming alarmingly sophisticated and are edging towards probing the“dark side：pathology and personality disordersIncreasingly，tests are being used to try to detect promising young graduates who may，later in life，fly off the rails（go crazy）；or to stop psychopaths（having mental disorder）getting recruited In the future，interviewees could even be given a mouth swab to reveal the genetic and biological markers of personality“We are heading for the era of genetic screening，”warns Carolyn Jones，of the Institute for Employment Rights“I think these tests are very flawed And there are other problems with the testsFor starters，it is possible to fake iteven the test producers agree on thisBut they have made it as hard as possibleFor example， look at whether you agree or disagree with the following two statements：“New ideas come easily to me” and“I find generating new concepts difficult” How long did it take you to realize they both could mean the same thing？ The main argument，however，is that the tests are invalid and cannot quantify（put a numerical value on）something as changeable as personality The golden rule is then，that a psychometric test should never be used as the sole basis of selection，but should always be followed by interviews 21Most peoples attitude towards the psychometric test is _ Acontemptuous Bfavorable Ctolerant Dconfounded 22Which of the following is one of the reasons why psychometric testing wins an advantage over interviews？ AIt doesnt cost any money BIt requires no equipment CIt is time-saving DIt can be done within seconds 23Which of the following statements is the authors idea？ APsychometric tests are defective BPsychometric tests should not be the only way to recruit promising young graduates CPsychometric tests are invalid and cannot quantify something changeable as personality DPsychometric tests are golden rules 24The test producers make the tests very complicated to _ Aavoid cheating Bimprove genetic screening Cfind out the best ideas Dgenerate new concepts 25Which of the following is not true according to the passage？ AThe American army developed the first personality test to screen out weak recruits BIn the future，interviewers could give a mouth swab to reveal interviewees symptoms CThere are possibilities for starters to cheat in the psychometric tests DInterviews still play an important role in evaluating interviewees(Passage3) Sixteen-year-old Karlos Dearmans future is looking much brighter than he might previously have imagined. “Ive always been into bikes, but never thought Id end up working with them,” he says. “This scheme has changed my life.” Karlos is learning to refurbish (翻新) old bicycles in the workshop of ReCycle Bikes, a local community charity in Sheffield, which has a contract with the city council to provide training opportunities for young people aged 14 to 16, particularly those struggling in mainstream education or excluded from school. “Its about engaging youngsters with education and youth training by teaching them work and life skills,” explains Des Pearce, workshop training manager. “These young people have so much potential, but often dont realize it.” Established in 2001, ReCycle Bikes repairs bicycles donated by the public, which, once restored, are sold for 20. Abandoned bikes supplied by the council ensure a steady flow of bikes, but a recently formed partnership with Sheffield University should improve further the prospects of the young mechanics. “The student population presents a large and ready market,” says Pearce. “So we approached the university last year and offered to host bike sales on the campus. They thought it was a great idea, and agreed to supplement our council funding. This means we can train youngsters to repair extra 500 bikes over three years, and fund Karloss apprenticeship.” Having set up ReCycle Bikes on his own, Pearce now has the staff and resources to track the career development of those who have passed through his workshop. “At the moment we depend on anecdotal evidence from the schools,” he says. “But we are planning exit interviews with the young people to ascertain what they plan to do, and these will allow us to check on their progress.” That most of the teenagers enjoy the work is, according to Pearce, easily explained. “Most kids have ridden a bike and know how to oil a chain or mend a puncture. As low-cost transport, cycling gives the young and old a sense of freedom and independence, and the impact on their well-being is immense. Add to that a growing concern for the environment, and its no surprise that bike sales are on the increase.” 26. What do we know about ReCycle Bikes? A. It is a popular brand of bikes which are sold in Sheffield. B. It is a local community charity that provides training opportunities for young people. C. It is a contract signed between a local community charity and the city council. D. It is a training program offered by the city council to those excluded from school. 27. How did ReCycle Bikes run at the beginning? A. By repairing bicycles donated by the public and selling them. B. By donations from the public and Sheffield University. C. By selling bicycles supplied by the city council. D. By tuition fees from kids aged between 14 and 16. 28. ReCycle Bikes has formed a partnership with Sheffield University because _. A. students at Sheffield University assure a large and ready market B. Sheffield University offers many mechanical teachers to ReCycle Bikes C. Sheffield University donates a lot of money to ReCycle Bikes D. teenagers at ReCycle Bikes can study at Sheffield University in the future 29. Why does ReCycle Bikes depend on information from the schools? A. The schools give accurate information. B. Students dislike telling the truth in interviews. C. ReCycle Bikes doesnt have the ability to track students career development. D. All the training organizations do it this way. 30. According to Pearce, why do most of the teenagers enjoy the work? A. Most kids want to learn how to repair bikes. B. Teenagers dont have enough money to buy cars. C. Youngsters care more about bikes than adults. D. Teenagers are familiar with bikes and they have a passion for them.(Passage4)A class action lawsuit has been filed against a prominent Toronto doctor by patients who allege he injected a banned substance into their faces for cosmetic purposes. The doctor had already been investigated for more than three years for using the liquid silicone, a product not authorized for use in Canada.Some patients say they are now suffering health problems and think the liquid silicone may be to blame. One of those patients is Anna Barbiero. She says her Toronto dermatologist told her he was using liquid silicone to smooth out wrinkles. what she says he didnt tell her is that it isnt approved for use in Canada. I didnt know what liquid silicone was and he just called it liquid gold, Barbiero remembers. After her last treatment, Anna discovered Dr. Sheldon Pollack had been ordered to stop using the silicone two years earlier by Health Canada. Experts say silicone can migrate through the body, and cause inflammation and deformities.My upper lip is always numb and it burns, Barbiero says. Barbiero is spearheading(带头)a lawsuit against the doctor, who her lawyer thinks might involve up to 100 patients injected with the same material. The fact, a physician of his stature would use an unauthorized product on a patient because he thought it was okay, is really very disturbing, says lawyer Douglas Elliott.Ontarios College of Physicians and Surgeons is also investigating Dr. Pollack to see if, in fact, he continued to use the silicone after agreeing to stop and whether he wrote in patient records that he used another legal product when he used silicone. However, in a letter to the College, Dr. Pollack wrote that he had always told patients that the silicone was not approved for sale in Canada, and had warned them of the risks. And in Barbieros case, .at the time of her first visit, prior to her ever receiving IGLS treatment, I specifically informed her that the material was not approved for sale in Canada by the Health Protection Branch and that I did receive the material from outside the country .I would like to emphasize that, as is evident on Ms. Barbieros chart, I drew a specific diagram on the chart which I carefully discussed with and explained to Ms. Barbiero as I did with every other patient to explain the nature and likelihood of complications and the reasons and consequences of those possible complications.Dr. Pollack declined to speak to CTV News, or to have his lawyer discuss the case. None of the allegations have been proven in court. But the case raises q