新版八年级下UnitTwo单元基础知识汇总.doc

Unit Two知识汇总一、重要短语1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2.an old peoples home 养老院3.help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4.used to do sth 曾经做;过去常常做.5.care for 关心,照顾6.the look of joy 快乐的表情7.at the age of 在.岁时 8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9.cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋 10.give out 分发(=hand out);散发11.come up with=think of= think up想出;提出12.in an after-school study program 在课后辅导班13.make a plan 制订计划14.make some notices 做些公告牌 15.work for 为工作;为效力 16.put up 挂起;举起;张贴17.hand out 分发;散发;发给 18.call up sb 打电话给.;召集.19.put off doing sth 推迟;延迟20.for example 比如;例如21.raise money 筹钱;募捐 22.take after 与.相像;像23.be similar to .与.相似24.fix up= repair sth. 修理;修补;解决25.be similar to sb=take after sb=look like sb与相似26.set up 建立;设立 27.disabled people 残疾人28.make a difference to 影响.;对.有作用29.be able to do sth 能够做. 30.in an after-school reading program在课外阅读辅导班31.at the same time 同时32.look after= take care of = care for 照料, 照顾33.work out fine 结果很好 34.at once= right away 立刻,马上 35.work outside在外工作 36.help homeless people帮助无家可归的人37.at a food bank在食物储蓄站 38.come ture (梦想、愿望）实现 39.give away sth. to sb.=donate sth. to sb.赠送某人某物 40.run out of=use up sth=dont have any more of sth用完,用尽41.sb. spend time (in) doing sth=It takes sb +st + to do sth 花时间做某事42.be hungry 饥饿的 die of hunger 死于饥饿43.less (后缀表否定) ful (表肯定) homeless无家可归的 nameless 匿名的 careless粗心的 careful 细心的44.at the primary school 在小学 45.help sick/lonely/disabled/blind/deaf people46.Volunteer Day志愿日 47.volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事48.make it possible使.成为可能 49.answer the telephone 接电话50.a friend of mine= one of my friends 51.feel lucky感到幸运 good luck祝你好运52.best wishes to sb致某人最良好的祝愿53.at the age of 在.岁时54.raise money for. 为.筹钱/募捐55.need to do sth. 需要做某事 56.make plans to do sth. 制订计划做某事57.ask sb.（not） to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做59.give up+时间+to do sth. 放弃时间去做某事 give up (doing) sth 放弃（做）某事60. get a feeling of 有感觉 get such a strong feeling of satisfaction 得到如此强烈的满足感61.decide to do sth.决定做某事 62.help sb.（to）do sth. 帮助某人做某事63.make a difference to 对产生影响64.make it possible for sb. to do sth. 使得做某事对.来说是可能的二、重点句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。 2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning每周六上午,他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年,她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5. . . . you can see in their eyes that they re going on a different journey with each new book.从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。7.Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 在你的帮助下,我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。 三、重要知识点1. sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语Mary could not come because she is sick.也可作定语a sick child【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come because she is ill.2. alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩： lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。Eg: The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself. The lonely boy is not lonely now.3. such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词： so +形容词/副词+many, much, few, little +that. (so +形容词/副词+ a/an+名词+that)如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time4. try out for参加.评选，选拔，争取成为 try out试用，试验 Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.5. journey 【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程；trip【名词】多指短途旅行；travel【名词、动词】travel around the world 【名词】traveler旅行者6. raise money集资，筹钱；raise money for为.筹钱 raise【动词】举起；提高；募集7. keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物）； keep+形容词，保持.怎么样8.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聋的；disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的 在句中做定语和表语：9. make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使（某人）做某事成为可能， make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth.（对某人来说）使做某事成为.；think/find it +形容词to do sth. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 10. make a difference to对.有影响；对.有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰，如：The rain made no difference to the game. Hard-working makes much difference to study.11. order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）。 May I take your order? 可以点菜了吗？12. change【动词】变化，改变Its hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名词】变化；零钱 change A for B用A换成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.13. . repair 【动词】修理，修补； fix【动词】安装；使固定 【fix up修理=repair】14. set up 成立 建立The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在2000年成立的。15. each 每个 各自的 强调第一个 人或事物的个别情况 常与of 连用every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用16.not only but (also) 不但 而且 用来连接两个并列的成分(1)引导以not only but (also)开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。因此 Not only do I feel good but (also). 是倒装句。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best.我不仅能做到而且做得最好。Not onlybut (also) 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则 如：Not only Lily but (also) you lik e cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。常见的就近原则的结构有：Neither nor即不也不 (两者都不)Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。Either or 不是就是 (两者中的一个)Either Lil y or you are a student.Not only but (also)There be17.join 参加 (指参加团体、组织)如：join the Party 入党take part in 参加 (指参加活动) 如：take part i n sports meeting 参加运动会18. run out 与 run out ofrun out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本身就含有被动意义。His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。My patience has completely run out. 我没有一点耐心了。Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。两者在一定条件下可以互换如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are runn ing out of time19.take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像20. work out v. + adj.结局，结果为The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。 He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。22. be able to do 能 会be unable to do 不能 不会23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如：thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我24. for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问You dont have m oney. Thats for sure. 你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。25. fill with 使充满 用填充 She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。 fill in blanks填空26. help sb. out 帮助做事，解决难题(摆脱困境) I cant work out this math problem. Please help me out.我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。27. train n. 火车 train v. 训练 training n.训练 train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事 She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。28. at once = right away 立刻 马上 如： Do it at once. 马上去做。 Ill go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。29. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去 some day 有一天(指将来) 如： One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。 Some day Ill go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。30. hand out 分发 hand out bananas give out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分.给某人 give up doing 放弃 give up smoking 放弃吸烟 give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to . give away money to kids give sb. sth. 给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱 give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线31. no longer = not any longer 指时间上不再延续。 no more = not any more 指动作上不再延续。32、重点语法动词不定式A. 作主语为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作