英语一轮复习.doc

襄阳一中 高三年级 导学提纲 英语一轮复习 编写：王艳琼 使用时间：2015年9月至10月 姓名： 学号：必修二 Unit 1重点短语A survive B by + 时间 A比B多活survive sth(war/earthquake.) 从中存活survive on 靠存活下来in search of search (place) for (sb/sth) = look forsth. amaze sb = make sb amazed 使吃惊in amazement 惊奇地 be amazed at/that 对感到惊讶be amazed to do(see,find,learn.)吃惊地（看到，发现.） be designed to do/for sth 专为而设计;目的是做.by design: on purpose 故意地in style 流行 out of style 不流行instyle: in the style of.以的风格decorate A with B 用来装饰belong to (无进行，无被动)属于in return (for).作为回报a troop of 一队at war 交战中declare war on 对宣战 go to war 开战remove sth 除去remove .from把从去除/移开/免职.remove from sp to sp从搬到be removed from school 开除less than 少于more than 多余；超出 no less than 多达not less than 不少于 no more than 不过；仅仅not more than 至多；不超过There is no doubt that/about .毫无疑问without doubt 无庸质疑 be worth doing sth /n (money/effort) 值得做be (well) worthy of being done/to be done/n.某事值得被做take apart 拆开take up 拿起；占据；从事做 take on 呈现,雇佣,接纳take over 接管 take place 发生take in 欺骗；包含；领会；理解take part in 参与,参加 take ones time 慢慢来,不着急take ones place 取代 take charge 负责；掌管in evidence 显而易见；明显的It is evident to sb that.对某人来说显而易见key/answer/reply/solution/guide/way/entrance to. think/speakbadly/ill/poorly/little/highly/well of 对评价(不)高sing high praise for 高度评价debate with sb about sth 同某人讨论某事be used to do 被用于做be/get used to doing 习惯于做 used to do.过去常常做serve as担当, 充任serve sb/sth with sth 为某人/物提供. add to把加入 add to 增加；增添add up 加起来 add up to 合计；总共consider doing 考虑做。consider sb/sth to be/as .认为某人/物为。consider it + n/adj + to do 认为做某事是。Have +n.+ do/doing/done 让某人或物做/一直做/被做Happen to=:become of 发生在；遭遇It happens that 碰巧Sb/sth happens to do/be doing/have done Sb/sth remains + n/adj/adv/分词/介短等 仍然是；保持Sth remains to be done 有待于被.It remains to be done whetherManage to do sth= succeed in doing 设法做成be made of 由制成（看见原材料）be made from由.制成（看不见原材料）be made into 把制成某产品 be made in 由制造be made up of 由.组成 make up for 弥补Prove sth to sb 向某人证明。prove sb/sth (to be) + n/adj 证实是 prove that- Prove (to be) +adj/n 证实是care about 担心；在乎 care for 喜爱；照顾be buried in 专心于.take turns to do sth 轮流做take turns at doing sthin turn 依次；反过来 by turns 轮流To ones + n (surprise, joy, disappointment) 令某人吃惊，开心的是等provide sb with sth 提供某人某物 provide sth for sbMust have done过去一定做过Cant/couldnt have done 过去不可能may/might have done过去可能should/ought to have done本应该做而事实未做。neednt have done本不必要做而事实做了重点句型：1. The gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.这件礼物就是琥珀屋，她之所以有这个名字，是因为这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。2.The next king of Prussian, Fredarick Willaim, to whom the amber room belonged,decided not to keep it.下一位普鲁士国王，非特烈。威廉一世，这个琥珀屋却决定不要它了。3.In 1770年, the room was completed the way she wanted. 1770年，这间琥珀屋按照他的要求完成了。4. After that, what happened to the Amber room remains a mystery. 从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。5 This is a time when the two countries were at war这是两国交战的时期6.Nor do I think they should give it to any government.我认为他们也不应该把它交给任何政府。提纲类作文：Writing 1(2015课标)假定你是李华,你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿,要点如下:1.栏目介绍;2.稿件内容;3.稿件长度:约400词;4.交稿日期:6月28日前。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头语已为你写好。Dear Peter,Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper写作提示本文为书信体提纲式作文。写作时以一般现在时为基本时态,以第一人称为主体人称;注意要点要齐全,包括栏目介绍、稿件内容、稿件长度和交稿日期;写作时注意恰当地使用衔接词和过渡词,以使文章行文连贯、流畅,这一点是高考英语高分作文所必须具备的要素。One possible version:Dear Peter,Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.The “ForeignCultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals, and the life of American high school students. You can write anything relevant so long as its interesting and informative. 400 words would be fine. Could we have your article before June 28?Im looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua必修二 unit 2 重点短语1.compete in : 参加比赛：在方面竞争compete with /againstfor: 为争取而与对抗竞争compete to do sth:竞争做某事cant compete with ： 比不上take part in ：参加、参与play /act a part in : 在方面起作用take part in: 指参加群众性活动、会议等并在其发挥作用join :指参加党派、组织、团体成为其一员join in : 指参加一些大型活动，如球赛、游戏等join sb in doing sth：和某人一起做事情attend: 多指参加大型的集体活动，如会议、婚礼、典礼、报告、上学、上课等，且有照顾、照料之意2. stand for:代表、象征、表示stand up for 为而站起来，支持，维护stand up to.面对，勇敢地面对，顶得住stand out: 突出；显眼；杰出stand by: 站在旁边；袖手旁观stand on ones own feet : 自立,不依靠他人stand doing sth : 忍受做某事3. on the basis of :/that 因为;由于；以为基础on a day-to-day basis按每日一次的标准on a weekly basis 按每周一次的标准4. admit sth /doing(having done)/that-clause: 承认admit to sth /to doing sth : 承认admit sb /sth to/into ：准许进入；准许加入；接收入学be admitted as 作为被接受5. as well : 也；又；还；may /might as well do sth = had better do sth : 最好做某事；做倒也好6. take on the responsibility 承担责任a sense of responsibility : 责任感7. charge sb for sth 因向某人收取费用charge sb with sth :控告某人某物take charge of sb /sth :掌管，负责某人/物in charge of sb /sth : 控制/管理某人/物in the charge of sb /sth 受某人/物的管理free of charge : 免费的8. bargain with sb about/over/for sth : 和某人就某事讨价还价make a bargain with sb : 和某人达成协议a good/bad/real bargain 一笔划算的交易/一笔不划算的交易、吃亏的交易/真正的便宜货9. deserve to do :应该deserve doing = deserve to be done : 应受 、值得（deserve 后接动名词主动形式表被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式，同样用法的有need, want, require）长途陆路用journey ,短途短期用trip , 观光旅游用tour ,海上航行用voyage ,travel 用法最普遍，特别用于指“游记”。10. run against ：和赛跑，竞选，撞到run across :无意间碰到run for : 竞选 run out : (某物) 用完run after : 追赶，追求run into : 无意间碰到，撞上run out of : 用完“某物”run short : （某物）快用完了,不够用11. its a great honour to ：十分荣幸be honoured to do 很荣幸的做某事in the honour of sb / sth = in sbs/sths honour : 为了表示敬意，为了纪念12/ every four years =every fourth year 每隔四年 “every+基数词+复数名词”表示“每隔” every other day/ line每隔一天/行 every few days每几天 every two or three days每两三天13. pick up 拾起；接收；搭车；恢复；好转；（偶然）学会；便宜买到；加速14. one after another 陆续地；一个接一个15. against time争分夺秒，尽快地ahead of time提前all the time一直，始终as time goes on随着时间的推移at any time 在任何时候at a time一次，at no time在任何时候都不at one time曾经at the same time同时at that time 那时at times有时，不时for the time being暂时，眼下in time及时on time 准时from time to time时时，不时once upon a time从前in no time立刻，马上kill time消磨时间take (ones ) time不着急，从容进行重点句型 ：1. ，and both are held every four years on a regular basic . 他们都是有规律地每四年举办一次。.“every+基数词+复数名词”结构，意为“每隔”How often do you hold your Games?Every four years. 2. no other countries could join in , nor could slaves or women 其他国家不能参加，奴率和妇女也不能参加。nor/neither+be/助动词/情态动词+主语句型（1）“nor/neitherbe/助动词/情态动词主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“也不”，相当于either用于否定句。(2)“so助动词/be/情态动词主语”，是一种倒装句型，意为“也是如此”，表示上句所谈到的情况也适用于另一主语，so用来代替上句的内容。(3) 如果下文表达的是对上文的赞成或肯定，则仅需把so放句首，其后用正常语序。(4) 如果表示前面两件或两件以上的事且谓语动词不同时，则需要用So it is/was with.或It is/was the same with.。He has finished his homework， and so have I.他完成了作业，我也完成了。He came to school late yesterday.So he did.他昨天上学迟到了。他确实迟到了。Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States. So it was with Jane./It was the same with Jane.玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。3. women are not only allowed, but play avery important role in gymnastics, team sports and 妇女不能参加，而且她们在体操、田径、团体运动等方面还起着非常重要的作用4. its a great responsibility but also a great honour to be chosen .被选中不仅要承担巨大的责任同时也享有极大的荣誉。5. theres as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals . 国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟竞争奥运金牌一样激烈。6.It is (was)+被强调部分+that (指人时可用who)+其余部分Its in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing all the team sports. (教材P10)Writing 1(2015课标)假定你是李华,计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件,邀她一同前往,内容包括:1.出发及返回时间;2.活动:包饺子、表演节目等。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.结语已为你写好。写作提示1.本文为应用文电子邮件的写作,属于提纲类作文。在写作时应使用第一人称,时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。2.内容要点:(1)出发及返回时间;(2)在敬老院的活动:包饺子、表演节目等。One possible version:Dear Lucy,Id like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.It is the day for the elderly in our culture.Well go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there.Well also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games,which we hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 oclock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and well wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua必修二 Unit3重点短语1.calculate on=depend on 指望 2.a universal problem 一个普遍的问题 3.in sum 总而言之 sum up 总结，概括4.solve difficulties/a mystery/a puzzle/a problem solve 解决，侧重是给出一个答案 settle an issue/an argument/a matter/a quarrel settle 解决，其对象通常是某种争端5. from.on.从.时起 from then/that time/now on 从那时/现在起6.in reality=in fact=as a matter of fact 事实上7.as a result 结果，因此 as a result of 由于，因为 result in 导致result from 因为表示原因的还有：on account ofthanks tobecause ofowing todue toas a consequencein consequence8.so+adj/adv+that so+adj+a/an+n+that so few/many+可数n+that so little/much+不可数n+that 表示“如此.以至于.” so+adj+a/an+n=such+a/an+adj+n9. make an application (to sb) for.（向某人)申请 application form 申请表apply sth to sth 将. 应用于/涂抹于apply for 申请.apply to 向. 申请10.achieve sbs goal 实现目标 kick a goal 踢进一个球11.in a way 在某种程度上 on ones/the way to 在.的途中；即将成为by the way 顺便说 in many ways 在很多方面 in the way 妨碍；挡道 in this/that way 以这种那种方式 in no way 绝不(部分倒装)give way to 让位于;让路于12.with the help of sb=with ones help 在某人的帮助下.,with/without whose help.(定语从句)13.arise from/of 由.引起，由.产生14.deal with 和.做买卖；处理；涉及；对付;和.打交道 与 how连用 do with 处理与what连用15.watch over 看守；监视；照看 watch out (for) 留神；提防；注意 keep (a) watch 值班；守望 on/off watch 在/不在值班 be under close watch 被严密监视16.have nothing/little/sth/a lot in common 无/几乎无/有一些/有许多共同之处 in common with.与.有共同之处17.compare A with B A与B相比较 compare A to B 把A比作BCompared with/to B,A.（作状语）18.work out 计算；锻炼身体；带来好的结果；解决；制订;理解19.devote time/ money/ attentionetc to (介) (doing) sth 为某事付出时间/金钱/注意力等 devote oneself to 献身于/致力于某事(物) Sb be devoted to (doing)sth 献身于/致力于某事(物)20.develop an interest in 对.产生兴趣take/show/have an interest in 对.产生/有兴趣 develop a habit of doing sth 养成做某事的习惯 develop a film 冲洗胶卷21.be crazy about 对.疯狂22.consist of=be made up of 由.组成 make up 组成；编排；编造，捏造；化妆; 与某人和解；弥补23.take advantage of 利用 have an advantage over 比.有优势24.sb be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事(表状态)sb determine to dosth下定决心做某事(表动作)25.signal (to) sb.to do sth. 示意某人做某事 signal to sb. 向某人示意 signal (sb.) that 示意重点句型1.before引导的时间状语从句 I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.2.consider+宾语+(to be/as) +n/adj At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my artificial intelligence.3.as引导的时间状语从句 As time went by,I was made smaller.4.so+adj/adv+that引导的结果状语从句 Over time my memory has developed so much that ,like an elephant ,I never forget anything I have been told. 5.with the help of 在.的帮助下 After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything,using my intelligence is what Im about.Writing 1(2015天津)1.假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津,你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。请根据以下提示,写一封邮件与中文班班长Chris联系,并告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。(1)自我介绍;(2)拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等;(3)询问对方的其他需求。注意:(1)词数不少于100;(2)请适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯。参考词汇:学生会the Student UnionDear Chris.写作提示1.书信格式,用第一人称和第二人称,主要用一般现在时和一般将来时;2.要点齐全:自我介绍;捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等;询问对方的其他需求;告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。3.注意上下文的连贯性和书信语言的得体性。One possible version:Dear Chris,Im Li Jin, chairman of the Student Union in Chenguang High School. Im writing to tell you something about donating books to your class.To enhance communication with your school, we prepared about 100 books ranging from Chinese cartoon to literature.With them,you may have a better understanding of China and its culture. Well take the books when participating in the summer camp this July to your school. Would you please tell me something about your other requirements? We will spare no effort to meet your needs.I sincerely hope that we may exchange with each other more and develop our friendship.Best wishes!Yours,Li Jin必修二 Unit 4 重点短语.under the protection of /under ones protection在.保护下 protect.from/against 保护.不受危害 prevent/keep/stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事（keep.from中from不能省）.decrease in 在.方面减少 decrease to 减少到 decrease by 减少了 on the decrease 在减少die out 灭亡；(风俗，习惯）逐渐消失 die down 平息；减弱 die away （声音，光）逐渐消失 die of 死于.(内因） die from 死于.（外因） be dying for/to do 渴望at a loss 困惑；不知所措 hunt for 寻找hunt after追逐go hunting 去打猎in peace 和平的；安详的 in trouble 在困境中 in order 井然有序in danger（of）在危险中 out of danger 脱离危险 respond to /reply to作出响应in relief 如释重负 to ones relief 使某人安慰的是 go on relief 靠救济金生活burst into laughter/out laughing突然笑起来burst into tears/out crying突然哭起来have mercy on 对某人发慈悲 show mercy to 对.表示同情 at the mercy of sb/sth 处于.控制下 without mercy 残忍的be certain to do sth 一定会做某事 be certain of doing sth 对做某事有把握 be certain that 确信 make certain that 弄清楚for a certain reason/certain reasons为了某种/某些原因be greatly/deeply affected by 被深深打动 have an effect on 对产生影响 in effect 实际上 come into effect 开始生效 take effect 生效；起作用pay attention to 注意draw/ attract/get ones attention to 吸引某人的注意 fix/focus ones attention on 专心于 call ones attention to 唤起某人对的注意 appreciate doing sth I would appreciate it if. 如果我将不胜感激（若接if从句时，要借助it，类似有like，hate，dislike）succeed in doing sth 成功做了某事 succeed to sth 继承 succeed sb as 接替某人成为 be successful in doing 在做方面成功employ sb to do雇佣某人做某事 employas 雇佣某人作. employ oneself in doing/be employed in doing 忙于/从事于employ proper words使用正确的词语do harm to sb /do sb harm /be harmful to 对.有害come into being 形成；产生 come into power 当权 come into fashion 开始流行 come into effect/force 开始生效according to 根据，按照.so that 为了，以使（目的） sothat 如此以至于(结果)as a result 结果，因此as a result of 由于，因为result in 导致result from 因为set up开办，设立 set off出发，动身set down写下，（飞机）着陆set about doing/set out to do 开始着手做某事long to do 渴望做long for sth 对渴望used to过去常常 be used to do 被用来做.be used to doing习惯于做be related to 和有关重点句型：Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.请带我到遥远的地方，在那里我可以发现为制作这件毛衣而提供毛绒的那种动物。We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs. 为了取得我们肚皮底下的羊毛，我们正在被屠杀。It is a pity that in the story nobody helped the dodo.遗憾的是在故事中没有人帮助渡渡鸟。They learned this from the way the bones were joined together. 他们是根据恐龙骨骼的连接方式得知的这些。First, I suggest making a special park for them.首先，我建议为他们建立一个专门的公园。Writing 1(2015安徽)某英文杂志正在举办以“Fancy yourself as an interviewer”为主题的征文活动,请你以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview”为题,写一篇英语短文。内容包括:1.采访的对象;2.采访的原因;3.想提的问题。注意:1.词数120左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息;4.短文的标题已给出,不计入总词数。A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview写作提示1.本文为提纲类作文,写作时主要采用第一人称,时态主要使用一般现在时和一般过去时,同时还要恰当使用虚拟语气。 2.内容要点:(1)表明采访的对象;(2)阐明采访的原因;(3)说明想提的问题。One possible version:A Famous Chinese I Would Like to InterviewThe person I would like to interview is Yang Liwei.I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world. I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it. If I could interview him,I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained.I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read.Finally,I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life,which must be very interesting.必修二 Unit 5一重点短语1、dream of /about sth /doing 梦见，梦想做2、pretend sth (ignorance )假装 pretend to do 假装做某事 pretend to be doing 假装在做某事 pretend to have done 假装做过某事 pretend that。 假装3、to be honest 说实在的 be honest with sb 对人坦诚 be honest to /about sth 对事坦诚 honestly speaking 老实说4、attach to 附上；认为有 attach importance /value to 认为有重要性/有价值 attach oneself to +sb 缠着 attach to sb/ sth 与有关系 be attached to +n 附属于；依恋5、form the habit of doing 养成做某事的习惯 take the form of 采取形式 in the form of 以的形式 in any form 以任何形式 fill in /out a form 填写表格6、earn money /ones living /respect 挣钱/谋生/ 赢得尊重7、perform the role of 扮演角色perform an operation / ones promise/ an experiment 执行，进行手术/履行承诺/进行实验 give a performance 演出8、in cash /check用现金/支票9、play jokes on 戏弄 play tricks on 捉弄 make fun of 开玩笑10、rely on / depend on/ count on/ calculate on 依赖/靠 rely on it that.11、be /get familiar with 熟悉be familiar to 被熟悉 be similar to +n 与相似12、or so 大约3 years or so 大约3年13、break up 打碎；分手；解体break down 坏了；垮了；分解 break in 破门而入；打断break into 闯入；突然起来 break out 爆发break away from 摆脱break through 突破；克服14、in addition 另外，也in addition to +n 除外15、sort out 分类；整理，挑出all sorts of 各种各样的16、dip into +n 浏览；把手伸进17、be confident in +n自信in confidence 自信地；秘密地18、in brief /i