小升初时态综合.doc

小学六年级英语讲义语法考点一般现在时态一、 一般现在时：表示习惯性或经常发生的动作和客观存在的现象。1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。Peter usually goes to school by bike.2.表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征。Miss Zheng teaches English.3.表示现在的状态。 It is cold.4.表示客观事实和普遍真理。The earth moves around the sun. 标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期天）, every day/month/year（每一天/月/年）例：I go to school every day. He is a boy.一般现在时的构成 v 1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。 Eg：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 v 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。 Eg：We study English.我们学习英语。注：当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化v 1. be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 Eg：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 Eg：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 Eg：Where is my bike? v 2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。 Eg：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。 Eg：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。Eg：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。Eg：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 Eg：My father goes to work by bike. How does your father go to work? My mother likes to go shopping in the weekends. What does your mother do in the weekends? 注意 当主语是第三人称单数时，须在动词词尾加-s或-es。例：He often goes to school at 7:30.Her mother works in a hospital.现在进行时态二、 现在进行时：表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段一直在进行的动作。标志: now（现在）listen（看）look（听）构成：be ( is/am/are) + ing例：Im writing a letter now. Theyre swimming.Look! Amy is reading an English book.注意 动词的ing形式的构成规则： 直接加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,（双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing.）句型转换1.肯定句转换成否定句,要在 be 后加 not 构成eg. We are reading English now. We are not reading English now.2.陈述句转换成一般疑问句,把be动词提到句首eg. The student is drinking. Is the student drinking?3.陈述句转换成特殊疑问句,由“疑问词+一般疑问句”构成eg. He is working. What is he doing?一般将来时三、一般将来时：表示在将来会发生的事或动作。常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow（明天）, next week（下周）, next year（明年）, in a few days（几天之后）等。构成：be going to + 动词的原形 will/shall + 动词的原形例：She is going to Hong Kong next week. You will see many birds in the sky.句型转换:肯定句 Students will go to school in the future.主语+ will +动词原形+（宾语）+其他改为否定句：_在will 的后面加not即可。will not 可缩写为 wont改为一般疑问句：_把will 提到句子主语之前，结尾变问号。改为特殊疑问句：_特殊疑问词+will +主语+动词原形+其他？v 对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 v 1. 问人。Who Eg：Im going to(will) New York soon. Whos going to(will) New York soon. v 2. 问干什么。What do. Eg： My father will watch a race with me this afternoon. What will your father do with you this afternoon. v 3. 问什么时候。When. Eg：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed? v 六、同义句：be going to = will Eg: I am going to go swimming tomorrow. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 一般过去式四、一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或事情。它经常与表示过去的时间连用：last week（上周）, yesterday（昨天）, last year（去年）, ago（之前）等。例：I went to a park yesterday. I went on a big trip last weekend. v Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： v am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） v are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 注意动词的过去式的构成规则有： 、规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加ed，如worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加d；如lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，要改y为i再加ed，如study studied； carry carried； worry worried （play、stay除外） 双写最后一个字母，如stopped 、不规则动词。记住以下动词的原形和过去式： sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read , fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt 句型转换：否定形式 was/were+not; 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词 一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他+？ She often came to help us last year. I was not a teacher five years ago.I didnt know you were so busy just now.Did you go to school yesterday?三、专题训练一）、 选择题（ ）1 -He came early this morning, didnt he? -Yes, he did. He often_ to school early. A. come B. comes C. came D. has come（ ） 2 The sun _ in the east and_ in the west. A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set（ ）3 She will go if it _ tomorrow.A. isnt rain B. dont rain C. doesnt rain D. didnt rain（ ） 4.1 _ you _ your homework now? A. Do; doing B. Are; doing C. Were; doing D. Does; do（ ）5.My father_ breakfast at home every day. A. hasnt B. isnt having C. doesnt have D. has had（ ）6. There_ two English films next week. A. is going to be B. are going to have C. will have D. are going to be（ ）7. -_ they often _ these old men? -Yes, they_. A. Do; help; are B. Are; helping; are C. Do; help; do D. Are; helped; are（ ）8. These little boys_ playing football. A. are liking B. like C. likes D. were liking（ ） 9. We wont go to the Great Wall if it _ tomorrow. A. snows B. snowed C. snow D. will snow（ ）10. _ he _ a good time last Sunday? A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have （ ） 11. When he was a child, he_ in the garden in the morning. A. always plays B. always played C. plays always D. played always（ ）12. -What is he doing now? -He_a picture. A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing（ ）13 . _ she _ her homework every day?A. does; do B. do; does C. Does; do D. Do; Does（ ）14. They _ home by bike sometimes.A. goes B. dont go C. doesnt go D. went（ ）15 . Look! The children_kites over there. A. flew B. fly C. are flying D. were flying（ ）16. He _ that film last weekend.A. see B. didnt saw C. didnt see D. doesnt saw 二） 根据动词的适当形式填空。1. Toms brother usually (do) some reading on Sunday.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_ (do) he usually _ (do) after school?5. Danny (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. My mother and my father _ (have) an exciting party last weekend.7. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting book.8. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.9. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. 10.When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year.11. Were (have) a party at Janes house now. Would you like (come)，Judy?12. Wellington is much (small) than Tokyo. But it is much (clean).13.We (go) shopping from nine oclock to twelve oclock yesterday morning.14. Jane often (help) her mother (clean) the house on Sunday.三）. 按实际情况回答问题1. What does your mother do?_2. What did you do last weekend?_3. How many days are there in March? 4. What do Chinese children usually get during Spring Festival? 5. Is New York the Capital of America? 6. What time does your school begin? 7. Does your mother have lunch at home? 四）改写句子1. John usually brushes his teeth before he goes to bed.(用what对划线部分提问) What _ John usually _ before he goes to bed.2. They