苏州大学研究生英语课后翻译.docx

Unit1爬到山顶找了个有利地形放眼远眺，只见群山逶迤，如龙蛇腾走，蔚为壮观，这是我所见过的最令人敬畏的景象。不远处，一只雄鹰展翅高飞，猛然又一个俯冲直至深谷，让人不由得直呼过瘾。Afterclimbinguptothetopofthemountainandlookingafarfromthevantagepoint,Isawlaidoutbeforemeaspectacularview,whichasoneofthemostawe-inspiringviewIhaveeverbeheld;butequallyexhilaratingwasthefactthatsomedistanceawayahawkwassoaringhigh,andthen,foraninstant,itsuddenlyplummeteddownintothecanyon.我记忆中最令人回味的是住在一山村的农家，与他们共进晚餐，品尝山区特有的菜肴。看着他们穿着传统的盛装进进出出，我们心里暖哄哄的，当然，如果你要在那里呆的时间比较长，你可得准备“吃些苦，受些罪”Myfondestmemoryisofspendingafewdayswithafamilyinamountainvillage,diningwiththemandenjoyingvariousdishesendemictotheregion.Itisofmellowsweetnesstohavewatchedthem,deckedoutintheirtraditionalgarb,movingaroundthehouse,ofcourse,astaythereforsomemoredaysinvolvessomedegreeof“roughing-it”.Unit2不少病入膏肓者为了求得解脱往往要求医生使用致命药物；也有一些病人家属觉得彻底治愈病人已经无望，因此要求医生不要对病人再进行保命式的治疗。最近，“安乐死”这一问题在欧洲国家已酿成一场激烈的大争论。Quiteafewterminallyillpatientswouldoftenliketheirdoctorstoadministerlethaldrugstothemtoberelievedofsuffering;therearealsosomeoftheirfamilieswhowouldpreferthatdoctorswithdrawanylife-prolongingtreatmentsincethereisnohopeofeffectinganultimatecure.ThisproblemhaslatelyboiledintoafiercepublicdebateinsomeEuropeancountries.反对者认为“安乐死”无异于谋杀，是不符合伦理道德的。而倡导者则认为，既然病人自己举得生不如死，干嘛不让他们以一种体面、人道的方式结束自己的生命呢？我们应该尊重病人的最终选择。ThosewhoareopposedtoEuthanasiabelieve/arguethatitisnodifferentfrommurderandthatitisunethical,whilethepro-euthanasistscontendthatsincetheincurablyillconsidertheirexistencemoreofatormentandsuffering,whynotletthemendtheirlivesinadecentandhumaneway?Weoughttorespectthepatientsfinaldecision.人们对“安乐死”可能被人滥用，或不必要使用的担心不无道理，但只要政府和有关方面措施得力，医院严格控制，这个问题最终或许可以得到解决。Unit3我们这么冒险尝试，无非是为了与自己或命运赌一把，并从中实现自我价值。其后果不是被闹个灰头土脸，就是历经磨难，终成事业，或是一直得到上帝的眷顾，一帆风顺，而后无比自豪。Theplungewetakeisnodifferentfromthegamblewearetakingagainstchance,againstdestiny,andinthecourseofitwemayrealizeourselvesasanaddedbonus.Andasaconsequencewewouldbeeitherbledwhiteorfinallymakeacareerafterpainstakingefforts,orinrarecases,becontinuouslyblessedwithanunhinderedadvance,andwewouldtakegreatprideinourobtainedsuccess.一旦一个人沉溺于赌，他不仅会挥霍掉多年辛勤工作换来的财产，而且也会失去尊严和良知，所以奉劝这类人赶紧打住停手，脱离无穷的烦恼。Ifamanmakesgamblinganobsession,hewillnotonlylosehispropertygainedthroughyearsoftoil,hewillalsolosehisdignityandconscience.Thereforeitisadvisablethattheybeatahastyretreatfromsuchanindulgenceandbeawayfromtheseaoftroubles.从好的方面来看，如果我们在与命运的抗争中胜出，形势又对我们非常有利，那么这时，赌或冒险就不再是一种致命的毒药，而是一种摆脱无聊和无趣的良方，很可能会游离液我们保持良好的心情，有耐心和乐观向上，而这会给我们带来无穷的好处。Onthebrightsideofthecoin,wewininthestruggleagainstdestiny,andtheoddsareinourfavor,thengamblingisnolongeratoxicdrug,ratheritisoneagainstboredomandapathy,andmaywellpreserveourgoodtemper,patienceandoptimism,whichwilldousaworldofgood.Unit4在各行各业都有一些成功人士。一方面他们成功离不开与生俱来的天赋，后天的努力以及家人的支持等因素。但另一方面更离不开做人的品行。这些成功人士不到生死存亡的关头，很少与人冲突，必要时他们知道怎样随波逐流，说话能迎合三教九流的品味，讲话恰如其分，说话适可而止。Therearesomesuccessfulpeopleineverywalkoflife.Ontheonehand,theirsuccessesdependontheirborngenius,latereffortandthesupportfromtheirfamilyandotherfactors.Ontheotherhand,theirsuccessesareattributedtovirtuesasahumanbeing.Thesesuccessfulpeopleseldomcontradictothersunlessinalife-and-deathstruggle.Ifnecessary,theyknowhowtoswimwiththetideandtailortheirwordstothetastesofotherfellows.Theywillsaythingsinseasonanddothingsinmoderation.他们非常擅长适应周围的环境，取悦于他人，绝不背后诽谤别人。他们往往很随和，很少与人发生摩擦，一旦与人有了分歧，他们会心平气和的找人谈心，他们从来不会做让自己后悔得要死的事。Theyaremarvelousatadaptingthemselvestothesurroundingsandgoodatpleasingtheearsofotherpeople.Theyneverflingmudatothersbehindtheirback.Theyareusuallyeasy-goingandseldomcontradict(haveconflictswith)others.Iftheyhappentohavefrictionwithsomeone,theywillhaveaheart-to-hearttalkwithhiminaplacidmood.Theywillneverdoanythingthatmakesthembitetheirtonguesofflateron.Unit5笑扮演的作用与角色比人们想象的复杂，发笑的原因众说纷纭，人们不仅在感觉良好时会由衷的笑，而且回应对方一些普通的话时或在一些不是令人舒服的场景中也会笑，如对滑稽可笑的东西感到惊讶时，会自然地的发笑；甚至面临威胁时，笑可以作为一种舒缓紧张气氛的方法。Theroleoflaughterismorecomplexthanpeoplehaveimagined.Peoplelaughforavarietyofreasons.Peoplelaughnotonlywhentheyfeelgood,butinresponsetomundanestatementsandinuncomfortablesituationsaswell.Forexample,whenpeoplearesurprisedatfunny-lookingthings,theirnaturalreactionislaughter.Whentheyfeelawkwardaboutsomethingorwhentheyareatalosswhattodo,theycanthelplaughing.Eveninathreateningsituation,laughtermayserveasawayofcalmingdownthetenseatmosphere.我们为什么笑？令人信服的解释有待更多的证明。但全世界人们都相信笑有很多好处，笑能使人们保持身心健康，笑可以作为人与人之间交流的润滑剂，因为研究表明人们在社交场合中笑得可能性比独处时大，笑能消除人们之间的障碍，建立相互之间的关系。Whydowelaugh?Aconvincingexplanationwaitsformoreconfirmation.Butpeopleallovertheworldareconvincedthatitisprettygoodtolaugh.Laughterenablespeopletokeephealthyphysicallyandmentallyandlaughterfunctionsassomekindofsociallubricantforpeoplescommunicationbecausestudieshaveshownthatpeoplearemorelikelytolaughinsocialsettingsthanwhentheyarealone,anditcanbreakdownbarriersandforgeaconnectionwitheachother.Unit6在中国，每年的高考成绩公布后，学生家长会通过看学校简历，浏览网站等各种方法了解国内外大学的情况，竭力为自己的孩子选择一所理想的高等学府。甚至有些家长认为没有什么比亲眼目睹更好，会亲自带着孩子到学校去看看校园，学生宿舍，食堂，向有关部门如学生处以及所在专业进行咨询，了解情况。Afterthescoresofthematriculationareknown,parentswanttoknowmoreaboutuniversitieshomeandabroadbyreadingprospectusesandsurfinguniversitywebsites,anddotheirutmosttochooseanidealinstitutionofhighereducationfortheirchildren.Someparentseventhinkthatnothingbeatsseeingforthemselves.Theywilltaketheirchildrentoseethecampus,hallsofresidence,cafeterias.TheymakeenquiriesatsuchdepartmentsasStudentsAffairsOfficeandtheschoolsoftheirmajorstobebetterinformed.美国的一些大学对家长开放，设立开放日，是为了让家长了解学籍管理，住宿，伙食，学业负担，师资阵容，就业前景等情况，但父母与孩子对优先考虑事项会出现一些分歧，最后孩子通常还是应该听父母的，因为父母的一点智慧和一点经验就大有帮助。SomeuniversitiesintheU.S.areopentoparentsbysettingupopendaysinorderthatparentscanknowmoreaboutacademicadministration,accommodations,food,workload,andjobprospects.Buttherearesomedifferencesbetweentheirlistofpriorities.Asarule,childrenoughttolistentotheirparentsbecauseabitoftheirparentswisdomandexperiencegoalongway.Unit7语言是价值观念体系和文化表达形式的载体，是团体和个人身份的决定因素。然而，据估计世界上6000种语言中，50%的语言都处在消亡的边缘，事实上，平均每两星期就有一种语言消亡。造成语言消亡的原因是多方面的，但英语在全球盛行难辞其咎，它的一统天下是令人担忧的。Languagesarevehiclesofvaluesystemsandofculturalexpressionsandtheyconstituteadeterminingfactorintheidentityofgroupsandindividuals.Yet,itisreckonedthatmorethanfiftypercentoftheworlds6000languagesareonthevergeofbecomingextinct.And,asamatteroffact,onelanguagedisappearsonaverageeverytwoweeks.Manyfactorscontributetolanguageextinction.ButtheEnglishlanguageprevalentworldwideiscertainlytoblameanditshegemonyisworrisome.有大量的证据表明，美国在许多方面无疑都扮演着全球领头羊的角色。它在输出其高科技产品和商业产品的同时，也在潜移默化地向世界兜售美国的价值观念，因此，有人对全球化嗤之以鼻，担心全球化其实就等同于美国化。这种担心并非夸大其词。Thereisoverwhelming/compellingevidencethattheUnitedStatesisundoubtedlyagloballeaderinmanyways.Whileexportingitshigh-techproductsandcommercialartifacts,theUnitedStatesissubtlyimposingAmericanvaluesontheworld.Therefore,somepeopleturntheirnosesupatglobalization,fearingthatitisinfactequivalenttoAmericanization.Suchfearsarenotover-blown.Unit8由于竞争激烈，他不得不整天忙于工作，几乎抽不出时间给年迈的父母打电话，更不用说常回家看看他们了，每次想起父母他心中总是充满歉意，他明白他有负于父母的恩情。Owingtothefiercecompetition,hewascompelledtobebusywithhisworkalldaylong.Hecouldhardlyaffordthetimetophonehisagedparents,tosaynothingofgoingbackoftentosee/visitthem.Heneverthoughtofhisparentswithoutfeelingapologetic,knowingthathewasunworthyoftheirkindness.在J.B.Priestley看来，穿戴整齐似乎要花费大量时间，因此，他总是乐于穿得松松垮垮的，看上去就好像是和衣而睡的那样，他弄不明白有人是如何做到既穿得整洁漂亮，又能做事的。ItseemedtoJ.B.Priestleythatwearingclotheproperlywasafull-timejob(costalotoftime).Therefore,healwayscheerfullybaggedandsaggedasifhehadsleptinhissuits.Andhecouldnotunderstandhowamancouldcontrivetolookneatandspruceanddoanythingelse.Unit9从全球范围看，环保运动已经开展了数十年，公众的环保意识也已相应的提高了。但尽管如此，地球母亲的健康仍在以史无前例的速度恶化，许多人不禁要问人类何时才能扭转局势。Atthegloballevel,theenvironmentalmovementhasalreadybeenunderwayfordecadesandthepublicawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionhasbeencorrespondinglyenhanced.Inspiteofthis,thehealthofMotherEarthisstilldeterioratingatanunprecedentedrate.Manypeoplecanthelpwonderinghowlongitwilltakeforhumanbeingstoturnthingsaround.在过去的几十年里，由于不遵循基本的生态原则，一些欠发达国家虽取得了经济的快速发展，却牺牲了环境，更为糟糕的是，他们没能采取有力措施控制人口过度增长，结果是环境恶化，人口膨胀使得越来越多的人陷于贫困。Withoutabidingbythebasicecologicalprinciples,someunderdevelopedcountrieshaveachievedrapideconomicgrowthinthepastdecadesbutattheexpenseoftheenvironment.Tomakemattersworse,theyhavefailedtoputeffectivebrakesontheovergrowthoftheirpopulations.Asaresult,environmentaldegradationandpopulationexpansionaredrivinganever-increasingnumberofpeopleintopoverty.Unit10当人们经受了某种天灾人祸以后，身体上和感情上的创伤会使他们长时间感到疲惫不堪，这时候除了适当的医学治疗以外，亲朋好友或心理咨询家酒必须使出浑身解数，说出恰当的话来安慰他们，以使他们能摆脱心理困扰Afterundergoingsomedisastersandsufferings,peoplewillfeelexhaustedfromphysicalandemotionaltraumasforquitealongtime.Thus,besidespropermedicaltreatment,theirrelatives,friendsorcounselorsshouldmusteralltheirsourcesandexpertisetocomeupwiththerightwordstosoothethemtogetridofmentaldisturbance.霍利没有留在家里享受家庭宠物无忧无虑的生活，而是承担了陷入痛苦孩子们感情上的责任。她并不要求给予她自己多大的关注，只是默默的奉献挚爱和安慰，在那漫长而痛苦难熬的一天里，她不知疲倦的给人们以无声的慰藉。Hollydidntstayhomeandenjoythecarefreelifeofahousepet,buttookontheemotionalresponsibilityoftroubledchildren.Shecallednosignificantattentiontoherself,butquietlyexpressedloveandconsolation.Shediligentlykeptuphersilentcomfortthroughoutthatlong,difficultday.Unit11这家极富盛名的医院里，绝大部分手术都是以平安无事结束。但也不能忽视病人的权利，由于医生有权利进行整容手术，病人就必须自己去查明医生的专业背景，决定他或她对医生曾经接受的培训情况是否感到宽心，病人还必须调查打算做手术的场所情况，以保手术结果万无一失Inthismostprestigioushospital,thevastmajorityofoperationsconcludewithoutincident,buttherightofthepatientsshouldntbeignored.Sincedoctorshavetherighttoperformcosmeticoperations,itisuptothepatienttomonitortheirbackgroundanddecidewhetherheorshefeelscomfortablewiththeirtraining.Apatientshouldalsoinvestigatethefacilitywhereaprocedure(operation)wouldbeperformedtomakesurethattheoperationcanbemadesuccessfully.整容手术在当今看来似乎很时髦，很多爱美人士为了改变面貌不惜经受外科手术之苦和可能致命的风险。即使一些失败的手术和死亡病例在社会上激起片刻的波动或几个表示担心的咨询电话，但事实上美容诊所里的预约电话还是响个不停。Nowadayscosm