高中英语：Period One Explations ofnew worda and phrases知识点分析人教版必修4

BookBook 4 4 UnitUnit 3 3 A A tastetaste ofof EnglishEnglish humourhumour Period One Explanations of new words and phrases I Words I 1 content adj 表示或感到满意或满足的 心满意足的 vt 1 We should never content ourselves with book knowledge oniy Adj 1 He is content to stay in his present job 2 Don t be content with such a small success n 1 The drawer had been emptied of its contents 2 The content of your essay is excellent but it s not very well expressed 3 We can swim in the river to our heart s content 2 inspire adj 有创作力的 受灵感启示的 有创作力的诗人 vt 1 Our first sight of the dingy little hotel did not inspire us with much confidence 2 This inspired in us a love for learning 3 The teacher inspired us to work harder 4 The teacher inspired us to great efforts 3 entertain adj 使人愉快的 有趣的 n 宴客 招待 款待 娱乐 n 娱乐节目的 表演者 尤指 艺人 vt 1 He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes 2 I usually entertain friends to dinner on Sundays 拓展 entertaining adj 使人愉快的 有趣 his entertaining silent movies 他那逗乐的无声电影 an entertaining story guess 一个有趣的故事 客人 4 direct n 方向 指导 主管 导演 说明书 vt 1 Can you direct me to the station 2 The owners directed that the factory be closed 3 The officer directed them to advance 辨析 direct directly direct adv 1 中途不停地 径直地 笔直地 2 亲自地 直接地 directly adv 1 径直地 直接地 坦率地 直爽地 2 立即 马上 Come in directly 3 conj as soon as 一俟 一 就 He took a direct flight to New York 他直飞纽约 We flew direct from London to New York 我们直接从伦敦飞到纽约 5 sense n 官能 感觉 理性 vt 感觉到 理解 n 1 He is far from any sense of responsibility 2 There is no sense in getting upset about it 3 It doesn t make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good 4 Can you make sense of this poem 5 She came to senses in hospital 6 Your brother has a good sense of humor 你兄弟很有幽默感 7 The dog sensed that I was afraid 这只狗感觉到我害怕了 6 astonish vt 使惊讶 surprise sb greatly The earthquake astonished the whole country 这次地震震惊了全国 辨析 astonishing adj 令人震惊的 astonished adj 感到惊呀的 7 particular 非一般的 特别的 特殊的 He left for no particular reason 他无缘无故就走了 To Jane her diary is a particular friend 对简来说 日记是她的特殊朋 友 搭配 in particular especially 特别是 8 throughout prep 遍及 贯穿 adv 到处 始终 全部 It rained throughout the night 雨下了一整夜 I watched the film and cried throughout 我看那个电影时从头哭到尾 9 failure n 失败 不可数 失败的经历 失败的人或事 可数 Failure is the mother of success 失败是成功之母 I became successful after many failures 在多次失败后 我终于成功了 She was a failure as a manager 她是一个不称职的经理 10 overcome v 克服 战胜 defeat 找到解决 的办法 He has overcome the bad habit of smoking 他改掉了吸烟的坏习惯 After hours of hard working they overcame the difficulty 经过几个小 时的努力 他们终于把这难题解决了 搭配 be overcome with by 因 不能自持 He was overcome by the heat 他热得受不了 11 fortunate adj 幸运的 交好运的 lucky He is a fortunate man a lucky dog 他是个幸运的人 I was fortunate to have a good teacher 我很幸运 有位好老师 派生 fortunately adv 幸好 luckily 常置于句首 unfortunate adj 不 幸的 unlucky unfortunately adv 不幸的是 unluckily fortune n 运气 财富 巨款 12 mouthful n 一口 满口 I m so full I couldn t eat another mouthful 我吃得太饱了 一口也不 能多吃了 He took a mouthful of fresh air 他吸一口新鲜空气 注 不要因以 ful 结尾而误以为是形容词 这类名词还有 handful 一把 等 13 outstanding adj 突出的 杰出的 显著的 She is an outstanding actress 她是一个杰出的演员 He has many outstanding gifts 他多才多艺 14 sense n 官能 感觉 理性 vt 感觉到 理解 She has no sense of time 她没有时间观念 He has a good sense of smell 他的嗅觉很灵敏 Your brother has a good sense of humor 你兄弟很有幽默感 The dog sensed that I was afraid 这只狗感觉到我害怕了 Phrases 1 be content satisfied with to do 对 感到满意 满足的 He was content with his work 他对自己的工作很满意 The old man seems content to live here 这个老人似乎很乐意住在这里 注 content 是表语形容词 若需作定语 可用 contented 如 a contented person smile 心满意足的人 微笑 2 badly off 穷的 缺少的 处境差 比较级 worse off 境况更差 更穷困 反义词 well off 富裕 处境好 比较级 better off I am quite badly off recently 最近我经济上很拮据 His health is worse off than before 他的身体比以前更糟糕 He is quite well off I hear 我听说他相当富裕 He is much better off than I am 他的日子比我宽裕得多 注 well to do life 或 a better off life 小康生活 well off family 小康 之家 3 pick out 挑选出 认出 弄懂 Please pick out the books that you d like to read 请把你想看的书选 出来 Can you pick out your sister in this crowd 你能在这人群中认出你姐姐 来吗 The box was so dirty that we couldn t pick out the directions on the label 盒子太脏 我们看不清标签上的说明 真题 This picture was taken a long time ago I wonder if you can my father 湖北 A find out B pick out C look out D speak out 解析 表示从人群中 辨认出 用 pick out 故选 B 4 cut off 切断 割下 隔开 断绝 停止供应 Mind you don t cut your fingers off 小心别切断手指头 She feels very cut off living in the country 她感到生活在乡间很闭塞 Our water supply has been cut off 我们断水了 真题 He was in hospital for six months He felt as if he was from the outside world 安徽 A cut out B cut off C cut up D cut through 解析 表示与外界 隔绝 用 cut off from 故选 B 5 star in 主演 在 中担任主角 She has starred in some thirty films 她主演过大约三十部影片 6 knock into 撞上 撞见 The boy knocked into her 那个男孩撞到了她身上 I knocked into an old friend of mine in the park 我昨天在公园里碰见 一位老朋友 7 bump into 碰上 偶遇 邂逅 meet sb sth by chance I bumped into an old friend of mine in the street yesterday 我昨天在 街上遇到一个老朋友 The bus bumped into the car in front 巴士撞上了前面那辆汽车 8 in search of 寻找 寻求 They came here in search of new markets for their products 他们来此 为他们的产品寻找新市场 They started off at once in search of in their search for the missing girl 他们立刻动身寻找那个失踪的女孩 注 若名词 search 前有物主代词或冠词等限定词时 多用介词 for 9 be get caught in a rain traffic jam 遇上雨 交通阻塞 We got caught in the storm 我们碰上暴雨了 Caught in a rain he was wet all over 淋到了一场雨 他全身都湿了 I was caught in the traffic jam That s why I was late 我遇上阻车了 这就是我迟到的原因 10 as if as though 好像 似乎 as if 引导状语或表语从句时 从句内容若是事实用陈述语气 若不是事实就 用虚拟语气 be 一般用 were 如 She talked to me in such a way as if we were sisters 她那样对我说话 就好像我们是姐妹一样 He opened his mouth as if he was to speak 他张开嘴好像要说话 III Exercises I 根据中文或首字母提示 填写所缺单词的适当形式 1 By the end of February schools are opened t the country 2 He is a f as an artist but a success as an art teacher 3 If we work with a strong will we can o any difficulty no matter how great it is 4 He had great d in getting the work done within a week 5 They sent the enemy ship to the b of the sea 6 I found it 令人惊讶的 that the young player beat the chess master in the game 7 I still remember her 特别的 way of smiling 8 My family 款待 him as an honored guest 9 Elizabeth Fry helped to improve prison conditions and gave the 无家可 归的 work and education 10 After graduating from Peking University he was 幸运的 in having a good job Key 1 throughout 2 failure 3 overcome 4 difficulty 5 bottom 6 astonishing 7 particular 8 entertained 9 homeless 10 fortune II 下列各句均有一处错误 请找出并改正 1 In some parts of London missing a bus means to wait for another hour 4 He requested that we must offer some money to him 3 He searched for all his pockets but failed to find his pass 4 She was broken down when she heard the news but quickly recovered 5 The scientist is content to work here but he isn t content at this small success Key 1 wait waiting mean 意为 意味着 时 后面接动词 ing 形式 2 去掉 must request 连结从句时用虚拟语气 should 动词原形 3 searched for searched search 的宾语是寻找的东西所在的处所 4 去掉 was broke down 意为 精神垮了 break 是不及物动词 没有被动 形式 5 at with 对形容词短语 be content with 的考查 意为 对 满意 Period Two Important sentences I Sentences 1 You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as hecould speak and dance as soon as he could walk 1 find it adj that clause 中 find 之后是复合宾语 it 是形式宾语 指代 that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk 2 注意 love like hate appreciate it if when 从句中 it 作 形式宾语 if when 从句做真正宾语也可以说是模糊指代 这是近几年的高考 热点 典例探究 2006 湖南 As the business woman in Norton she made her duty to look after all the other people s affairs in that town A this B that C one D it 2007 山东 worries me the way he keeps changing his mind A This B That C What D It 2006 全国 If I can help I don t like working late into the night A so B that C it D them 2007 全国 felt funny watching myself on TV A One B This C It D That 2 Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe treating it as if it were the finest meat 1 He looks as if he were an artist 同时 2 He soeaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America 先于 3 He learns English so hard as if he would go to the U S A 后于 归纳总结 若从句中的动词与主句谓语动词同时发生 则从句谓语动词用过去式 若先与 主句则用过去完成式 若后于主句 则用过去将来式 巩固运用 The child talked to us 那个小孩和我们谈起话来象成年人 似的 He acts as if 他做起来就象知道了事实似的 When a pencile is partly in a glass of water it looks as if it A breaks B has broken C were broken D had been broken Looking around the town he felt as though he away for ages A has been B was C is D had been Key 1 典例探究 DDCC 2 巩固运用 as if he were an adult he had known the fact C D II Practices 1 It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly my friend A turn out B bring out C call out D pick out 2 Never in my dream these people are living in such poor condition A I could imagine B could I imagine C I couldn t imagine D couldn t I imagine 3 He didn t look but said nothing A convinced B convincing C well D beautiful 4 So long as you make Lily happy I am A contenting B contented C satisfy D satisfying 5 the exam will disappoint your parents A Fail B Your failing C You fail D You to fail 6 What me most was that he didn t pass the exam A astonish B astonishing C astonished D to astonish 7 It is believed that if a book is it will surely the reader A interested interest B interesting be interested C interested be interesting D interesting interest 8 The old man abroad for twenty years is on the way back to his motherland A to work B working C to have worked D having worked 9 I found his living conditions were much after his father died A badlyoff B worse off C more worse off D worst off 10 He was in hospital for six months He felt as if he was from the outside world A cut out B cut off C cut up D cut through Key DBABB CDDAB Period Three Grammar I 语法讲解 1 1 动词动词 ing ing 形式作表语形式作表语 1 动名词作表语 说明主语的内容 指一般性 经常性的动作 如 His job is teaching English 他的工作是教英语 可以说成 Teaching English is his job 2 现在分词作表语 相当于形容词 说明主语的性质 可有比较形式 亦可被 very 等副词所修饰 如 He was very amusing 他很有趣 Skiing is more exciting than skating 滑雪比溜冰更刺激 2 2 动词动词 ing ing 形式作定语形式作定语 1 动名词作定语表示所修饰名词的功能 被修饰的名词与动名词没有逻辑上的 主谓关系 可用 名词 for 动名词 来表达 动名词通常只能位于所修饰的名 词前 如 a swimming pool a pool for swimming 游泳池 a walking stick a stick for walking 手杖 2 现在分词作定语表示性质 特征 状态或动作 被修饰的名词与现在分词在 逻辑上有主谓关系 可换成定语从句来表达 单个的现在分词作定语 常置于 被修饰的名词的前面 现在分词短语作定语 须置于被修饰名词的后面 如 Nobody can stop the running horse the horse that is running 没有 人能阻止那匹奔马 horse 与 running 在逻辑上有主谓关系 I know the man standing there who is standing there 我认识站在那 儿的那个人 the man 与 standing there 在逻辑上有主谓关系 3 3 动词动词 ing ing 形式用作宾语补足语 形式用作宾语补足语 1 动词 ing 形式用作宾语补足语 宾语与补足语有主动关系 表示 动作正 在发生 即处于发生的过程中 如 She caught them stealing her apples 她撞见他们偷她的苹果 them 与 stealing 有主动关系 在 撞见 时 正在偷 2 试比较以下句子 I saw the boy climb the wall 我看见小孩爬墙 强调爬墙这件事 I saw the boy climbing the wall 我看见小孩正在爬墙 强调爬墙的情景 II Practices 1 Alien said that his trip was A interested B interest C interesting D of interest 2 We can t understand a decision until it is too late A him to postpone to make B his postponing to make C him to postpone making D his postponing making 3 I couldn t understand at the poor child A you to laugh B you laugh C why laugh D you laughing 4 It s no use with him You might as well with a stone wall A arguing argue B to argue arguing C arguing arguing D to argue argue 5 It is no good today s work for tomorrow A to leave B leaving C that you leave D leave 6 The old man s pity on the snake led to his own death A take B taking C being taken D have 8 Some people s greatest pleasure is A fishing B to fish C to be fish D being fishing 9 Remember the book when you have finished it A putting back B having put back C to put back D will put back 10 You didn t hear us come back last night That s good We tried noisy A to not be B not to be C being not D not being 11 Though he failed he tried it again and again A to do B doing C do D done 12 You ll regret those words You may hurt her feelings A say B to say C having said D to have said 13 You can keep the book until you A have finished reading B finish to read C will finish reading D have finished to read 14 We are looking forward to another chance it again A be given to try B give to try C giving trying D having to try 15 Most of the students enjoy stamps A collect B to collect C collecting D collected 16 Excuse me for in without A coming asking B coming being asked C to come asking D to come being asked 17 People couldn t help the foolish girl A laugh at B to laugh at C laughing at D laughing 18 What do you think of the book Oh excellent it s worth a second time A to read B to be read C reading D being read 19 It is no use to come now He is busy A ask him B to ask him C that you ask him D asking him 20 Do you know the boy under the big tree A lay B lain C laying D lying 21 Can you read Mary said to the notice A angrily pointing B and point angrily C angrily pointed D and angrily pointing 22 There was a terrible noise the sudden burst of Tight A followed B following C to be followed D being followed 23 Your mother and I are looking forward you A of seeing B for seeing C to see D to seeing 24 The girl couldn t how red his face was A help to notice B be helping to notice C be helping noticingD help noticing 25 There is no question of able to finish it himself A Tom was B Tom s being C Tom s be D Tom is 26 The new shopping center now will be put into use by the end of this year A built B be built C being built D to be built 27 Strictly it isn t worth the price you are asking A to speak B speaking C speak D spoken 28 Time they ll come here to watch us football A permitted playing B permitted to play C permitting play D permitting to play 29 The man was seen into the courtyard A stealing B stolen C be stealing D had stolen 30 The noise of the desks could be heard in the next classroom A being opened and closed B opened and closed C having been opened and closed D to be opened and closed 31 I remember someone the umbrella away A to see take B having seen to take C to see to take D having seen take 32 She was noticed the shop A to enter B enter C having entered D entered 33 I couldn t help when I heard the joke A being laughed B laughing C to be laughing D to laugh 34 Anna spends one hour a day spoken English A practise B to practise C on practising D in practising 35 No one was surprised at the examination A he passing B his pass C him pass D his passing 36 Although swimming is his favourite sport yet he doesn t like today A to swim B swimming C swim D to have swim 37 She sat at the desk and set about a letter to her friend A to write B writing C write D written 38 Anna is often heard songs in her room A sung B singing C sing D to sing 39 The more you practise English the better your English will be A to speak speakingB speaking spoken C spoken spoken D spoken speaking 40 Time I can have done it better A permit B permitted C permitting D to permit 41 When that it was getting late I put off the light and went to bed A find B finding C found D founded 42 I m sorry to have kept you so long a time A wait B to wait C waited D waiting 43 the rain had stopped he left his raincoat at home A Seeing B To see C Seen D See 44 Thousands of peasants are up into the city vegetables fruit and some other things every day A sell B selling C sold D to be selling 45 The mother is very glad her baby is beginning A understanding what she means B to understand that she meant C to understand what she means D noticing what she means KEY 1 5 CDDAB 6 10 BAACB 11 15 BCADC 16 20 BCCDD 21 25ABDDB26 30CBCAA31 35DABDD36 40ABDBC41 45BDABC Period Four 综合演练综合演练 一 单选一 单选 1 It was so cold that they had the fire all night during the winter A burn B burned C burning D to burn 2 The driver will be stopped at once if he or she is found over the limited speed A drive B drivingC to drive D driven 3 If we are not the progress we have made we will have greater success A interested in B strict inC popular with D content with 4 The boss wasn t at the the news at all A astonished astonishing B astonishing be astonished C astonishing astonishingD astonished astonished 5 Mr Kou is an English teacher who isn t about his clothes A particularB carefulC worriedD contented 6 Do you know the tall man to Mr King over there Sorry I don t know him A to speak B speaking C is speakingD has spoken 7 Can you your sister from that group of girls A bring outB pick up C pick out D bring up 8 In the he had to go to the lonely island to protect the wild animals A days followed the Spring FestivalB days following the Spring Festival C the Spring Festival followed daysD followed the Spring Festival days 9 In fact most people in that area are than they were 5 years ago because of years of wars A poorer off B worse offC better offD richer off 10 He had to to his wife so that he would not wake the baby A whisperB shoutC speakD cry 11 If you don t pay your gas bill the gas will soon be A cut down B cut upC cut out D cut off 12 The baby sitter s job is the child A look after B looked afterC looking after D having looked after 13 Shortage of water is a problem in the west area of China which should be paid attention to by the public A to be continued B continued C being continued D continuing 14 What most people hate most at