词汇第五单元

第五单元 第一课时 知识点 ppt 类别新课程标准所要求的项目 词汇 erupt compare alongside appoint evaluate wave absolute suit potential act ual precious unconscious shoot vary appreciation guarantee burn to the ground in the distance make one s way glance through give birth to 语法Revise the ing form 复习 ing 形式 重点单词 1 erupt v 1 火山 爆发 岩浆 烟等 喷出 An active volcano may erupt at any time 活火山随时可能喷发 2 into sth 突然发生 爆发 Violence has erupted on the streets 大街上突然发生了暴乱 3 in into sth 突然发出 尤指叫喊 My neighbor erupted in anger over the noise 噪声使我的邻居勃然大怒 知识拓展 eruption C doing B comparing do C compared doing D compared do 答案 C 本题题意 她本来不应该做那类事情 与你的所作所为相比 她无论干 什么都是合理的 这件事与你无关 开始工作吧 compared to with 表示 与 相 比 在句中担任状语 此外 get down to 表示 开始做某事 开始认真注意 或对待 某事 to 为介词 后接名词或动名词担任宾语 重点短语 Yet however weak we are we are not completely powerless 然而 无论我们的力量有多弱小 我们却并非完全脆弱无力 知识剖析 however 在本句中 表示 无论到什么程度 不管多么 与形容词或副词连用 引导 让步状语从句 例如 She leaves her bedroom window open however cold it is 无论天气多么冷 她都敞着卧室的窗户 However long a vacation is I always feel I want a few days more 无论假期有多长 我总觉得想再多几天休息休息 He will never pass the examinations however hard he works 无论他怎样努力 他永远无法通过考试 However tired you may be you must do it today 不管怎样累 你也得今天做 知识拓展 however 的其他用法 1 conj 不管怎样 无论如何 However I cook eggs the child still refuses to eat them 不管我用什么方法煮鸡蛋 小孩还是不肯吃 Dress however you like 你喜欢怎么穿就怎么穿 2 adv 然而 不过 仍然 I d like to go with you however my hands are full 我很想和你一块儿去 可是我忙不过来 He said that it was so he was mistaken however 他说事情就是那样 不过他错了 However I will do it in my own way 可是 我将照我的方式去做 3 用以强调疑问词 how 口语 到底 究竟 如何 However did you manage it 这件事你究竟如何处理的 表惊讶 However did you go yourself 你一个人究竟是怎么去的 表感动 知识运用 1 2008 上海 40 well prepared you are you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing A However B Whatever C No matter D Although 答案 A 本题题意 在登山运动中 无论你准备得多充分 你仍然需要大量的运气 however 与形容词或副词连用 表示 无论到什么程度 不管多么 引导让步状语从 句 相当于 no matter how 2 2008 辽宁 28 hungry I am I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread A Whatever B Whenever C Wherever D However 答案 D 本题题意 无论我饿得多厉害 我似乎从来没有吃完过一个大面包 however 后接形容词或副词 引导让步状语从句 3 2006 陕西 20 This is a very interesting book I ll buy it A how much may it cost B no matter how it may cost C however much it may cost D how may it cost 答案 C 本题题意 这是一本非常有趣的书 无论花多少钱 我都要买 本题考查 however 形容词或副词 引导让步状语从句的用法 选项 B 可以修改为 no matter how much it may cost 4 We have not yet won we shall try again A then B instant C however D but 答案 C 本题题意 我们还没有取胜 不过我们还要再试一下 however 和 but 都 表示转折关系 但 however 为连接性副词 用在句中时其前后通常都有标点符号 逗 号 存在 或者是前面有分号 后面用逗号 第二课时 词汇 1 next to or at the side of sth 2 to choose sb for a job or position of responsibility 3 a raised line of water that moves across the surface of the sea ocean ect 4 a set of clothes made of the same fabric including a jacket and trousers pants or a skirt 5 a mountain with a large hole at the top through which hot rocks and ash sometimes rise into the air from inside the earth 6 all the special tools machines clothes etc that you need for a particular activity 7 a structure from which water is sent up into the air which is often in a small pool 8 complete or total 9 the possibility that something will develop in a certain way or have a particular effect 10 real especially as compared with what it is believed expected or intended 答案 1 alongside 2 appoint 3 wave 4 suit 5 volcano 6 equipment 7 fountain 8 absolute 9 potential 10 actual 短语 1 share sth sb 与某人分享某物 2 compared 和 比起来 3 be suitable 适合 4 make one s way 前往 5 be appointed 被任命为 6 burn the ground 全部焚毁 7 as as 和 一样 除 以外还 8 protect 保护 免受 9 the distance 在远方 10 be enthusiastic sth sb 对某物 人充满热情 答案 1 with 2 with to 3 for 4 to 5 as 6 to 7 well 8 from 9 in 10 about over 语篇导读 请根据课文内容 填充表格 The writer s jobTravel to unusual places and work 1 people from all over the world Help protect ordinary people from the 2 Collect information for a 3 about Mount Kilauea Help other scientists to 4 where lava will flow next and how fast The first experienceThe day of the 5 My bed began 6 and I heard a strange sound My bedroom became as 7 as day Red hot lava 8 hundreds of metres into the air The day after the eruptionTwo other scientists and I were driven up the mountain and dropped as close as possible to the 9 that had been formed during the eruption We slowly made our 10 to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red boiling centre 重点单词 1 alongside prep they look very well together A suit B fit C compare D match 答案 D 本题题意 她的鞋子与衣服相匹配 整体效果非常好 match 表示 与 相配 般配 2 How about eight o clock outside the cinema That me fine A fits B meets C satisfies D suits 答案 D 本题题意 八点钟 电影院外见面如何 正合我心意 suit 表示 对 某 人 方便 满足 某人 需要 合 某人 心意 7 potential 1 adj 潜在的 可能的 Every seed is a potential plant 每粒种子都可能长成植物 The dispute has scared away potential investors 这一争端吓走了潜在的投资者 2 n 1 U for sth for doing sth 可能性 潜在性 She recognized the potential for error in the method being used 她意识到在所采用的方法中可能出错 2 U 潜力 潜质 She has acting potential but she needs training 她有表演潜力 但需要训练 知识运用 1 These effects must be monitored carefully A buried B likely C potential D portable 答案 C 本题题意 这些潜在的影响必须仔细地加以研究 potential 表示 潜在的 可能 的 2 Does this proud and historic little state really measure up to its A comfortable B potential C possibility D opportunity 答案 B 本题题意 这个自豪而具有历史意义的小州是否有真正无愧于自己的潜力 potential 表示 潜力 潜质 2 强调事情最重要的部分 真正的 本身 The wedding preparations take weeks but the actual ceremony takes less than an hour 准备婚礼要几周 而婚礼仪式本身还不到一小时 It was they that were out of harmony with the actual world not she 和实际世界格格不入的 本是他们 不是她自己 词语辨析 actual real true 这些形容词均有 真的 真实的 实在的 之意 1 actual 指事物的实际存在 并非出自主观臆造 What were his actual words 他实际上是怎么说的 All actual objects are concrete 一切实际存在的物体都是具体的 2 real 暗指某事物是真实的 货真价实的或表面看不出虚假的 或指看上去或宣称与事实 吻合的事物 This is a real experience not a dream 这是一次真实的经历 并不是做梦 My mother showed real sympathy for my predicament 妈妈对我所处的困难表示出真正的同情 3 true 暗指与事实 现实或事物的真实状态相一致 口语中多用 Is it true you re getting married 你要结婚是真的吗 Indicate whether the following statements are true or false 标出下列说法是对还是错 知识运用 1 2009 安徽 24 Do you think it s a good idea to make friends with your students I do I think it s a great idea A Really B Obviously C Actually D Generally 答案 C 本题题意 你认为与自己的学生交朋友是个好主意吗 说实在地 我认为 是个好主意 actually 表示 礼貌地纠正他人 实际上 事实上 2 采用 actual real 或 true 填空 The pickpocket was caught in the commission of a crime His dream will come sooner or later The TV play was based on life In the physical world the location of a thing is the means to finding it Is this leather or plastic She is not the owner of this house 答案 actual 译文 这扒手是在一次作案时被当场捉住的 true 译文 他的理想迟早会实现 real 译文 那出电视剧是根据现实生活写成的 actual 译文 在物理世界里 事物的实际位置意味着找到它的手段 real 译文 这是真皮的还是塑料的 true 译文 她不是这所房子的真正所有人 重点短语 1 burn to the ground 烧光 烧成平地 The building was burned to the ground 该建筑物已全部焚毁 Seattle had a major fire nearly 100 years ago when most of the city was burned to the ground 约一百年前 西雅图市发生了一场大火灾 整个城市变成废墟 知识运用 1 On October 8 1871 a huge fire started near Chicago s downtown area and four square miles to the ground before it was extinguished A burned B blazed C blared D flamed 答案 A 本题题意 在 1871 年 10 月 9 日 芝加哥市区附近发生了一场大火 在大火被 扑灭前 已经延烧将近四平方英里的范围 burn to the ground 表示 烧光 烧成平地 2 One day their house caught fire and speedily burned the ground with all the splendid furniture books pictures gold silver and precious goods it contained A onto B to C with D from 答案 B 本题题意 一天 他们的房子着了火 一下子连同其中所有的高级家具 书画和 金银财宝全都化为乌有 burn to the ground 表示 烧光 烧成平地 2 in the distance 在远处 在远方 I could see the bus coming in the distance 我看见公共汽车从远处开来了 In the distance you can see the cows quietly eating the grass 远处 你可以看见牛在悠闲地吃草 知识拓展 1 at from a distance 离一段距离 从远处 遥远的 久远的 The oil painting looks better at a distance 这幅油画远看起来更美一些 2 be distant towards with sb 对某人冷淡 She s always very distant with Ann 她对安妮总是很冷淡 3 keep sb at a distance 对 冷淡 同 疏远 与 保持一定的距离 She always keeps me at a distance 她总是对我疏远 4 keep one s distance from sb sth 与 保持距离 疏远 避免 与 亲近 避免介入 I would keep my distance from that dog if I were you 我要是你 就离那条狗远一点 知识运用 1 Sadly they saw the shores of England disappear the distance A at B in C within D beyond 答案 B 本题题意 他们黯然看着英国的海岸在远处消失了 in the distance 表示 在远 处 在远方 2 a distance she was a beauty but closing up things came apart a little A From B In C Within D Beyond 答案 A 本题题意 稍微远点看 是个美人儿 只是靠近就有点走样 at from a distance 表示 离一段距离 从远处 3 The railway station is at a of two miles away from our school A length B distance C way D space 答案 B 本题题意 火车站离我们学校二英里路程 at a distance of 表示 距离 时隔 例如 At a distance of decades I am staggered by our thoughtlessness in those years 事隔几十年后 回顾那些年头醉生梦死的状况 着实使我惊愕不已 3 make one s way 1 艰难地向前走 As soon as he saw us Henry made his way through the crowd to greet us personally 亨利一看见我们就从人群中挤过来 亲自迎接我们 2 自力更生 自食其力 She was anxious to finish school and make her own way in the world 她渴望早点毕业 好在社会上谋生 知识拓展 1 feel one s way 谨慎小心地进行 He felt his way across the room when the lights went out 灯熄之后他摸索着走过房间 2 fight one s way 奋斗前进 打开一条道路 We fought our way through the enemy line 我们从敌军中杀出一条血路来 3 find one s the way to into 设法赶到 进入 It was with some difficulty that he found the way to his own house 他费了不少的劲才找到回家的路 4 force push squeeze one s way 挤 出去 冲 出去 They forced their way through a crowd 他们在人群中挤过去 知识运用 1 Disappointed bewildered ashamed he made his slowly from the opera house and stood on the steps outside thoughtful his head bent A road B path C way D line 答案 C 本题题意 他意气消沉 心里发慌 觉得惭愧 慢慢的走出歌剧院的场子 站在 外面台阶上 低下了头思量 make one s way 表示 艰难地向前走 2 采用动词的适当形式填空 Americans admire the self made person Abraham Lincoln who his way to the top Mr Smith couldn t understand how the stranger his way A number of them their way into the office of the headmaster As day broke General Zhao Yun discovered that Liu Bei s wife and son were missing Zhao gathered 30 troops and his way back onto the battlefield to look for Liu s wife Madam Mi and son A Dou Naturally the people of the town felt very sorry for this little boy when they saw him completely blind his way along the streets with his cane 答案 fought 译文 美国人崇拜亚伯拉翰 林肯 一个自食其力 奋斗前进而达到顶峰的人 found 译文 史密斯先生不能理解这位陌生人是如何找着路的 forced pushed squeezed 译文 他们中的一些人强行闯入校长的办公室 fought 译文 天亮时 赵云发现走散了糜夫人母子 急集合三十骑 又杀回乱军中寻 找 feeling 译文 很自然 当镇上的居民看见这个双目完全失明 拄着手杖在街上行走的 小男孩时都很为他难过 重点句式 1 The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock 而顺着山坡下流的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多 这是因为火山岩浆所流经的地方 一 切东西都被掩埋在熔岩下面了 知识剖析 far more damage 属于程度副词修饰比较级的用法 在英语中 可以用来修饰比较级的词语 有 a little a bit much no still far by far even rather a great good deal a lot hardly any slightly somewhat 等词 此外 名词词组 two years two meters ten times 等 分数或百分 数 57 two thirds 等也可以用来修饰比较级 注意 very 不能用来修饰比较级 但可以 修饰形容词原级或最高级 例如 She s much better today 她今天好多了 You seem even more beautiful than usual today 你今天好像比平时更漂亮 Tom is tall but Mary is taller still still taller 汤姆很高 但是玛丽更高 He is able to function far better than usual 他能发挥比平常好得多的作用 She had got to know him a good deal better 她需要进一步了解他 知识运用 1 2008 全国 1 28 You re driving too fast Can you drive A more slowly a bit B slowly a bit more C a bit more slowly D slowly more bit 答案 C 本题题意 你开车太快了 你能稍慢一点吗 比较级前可用 any much far rather even still a lot a little a bit a great deal by far 等表示程度 2 2007 全国 2 9 After two years research we now have a better understanding of the disease A very B far C Fairly D quite 答案 B 本题题意 经过两年的研究 我们现在对于这种疾病有了更深入的了解 本题考 查 far 修饰比较级的用法 其余三个词通常用来修饰形容词或副词的原级 3 2006 江苏 33 I wish you d do talking and some more work Thus things will become better A a bit less B any less C much more D a little more 答案 A 本题题意 我希望你少说多做 这样情况将会更好些 本题考查 a bit 修饰比较 级的用法 根据逻辑关系 排除选项 C 以及选项 D any 在修饰比较级时 通常用于疑问 句 否定句或 if 从句中 表示 少许 稍微 例如 Don t go any closer 别再走近 4 2006 全国 3 14 Did you take enough money with you No I needed I thought I would A not so much as B as much as C much more than D much less than 答案 C 本题题意 我需要的钱远比我预料的数额要多 本题考查 much 修饰比较级的用 法 2 I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound like a railway train passing my window 我在熟睡中突然感到床铺在摇晃 接着我听到一阵奇怪的声音 就好像一列火车在我的窗 外行驶一样 知识剖析 在并列句 when suddenly my bed began shaking 中 并列连词 when 表示 其时 当时 当 场 例如 We played outside till sunset when it began to rain 我们在户外一直玩到太阳下山 那时天下起雨来了 The Queen s last visit was in May when she opened the new hospital 女王上次来访是在五月份 她那时主持了这座医院的落成典礼 I was taking a bath when the light went out 我正在洗澡 这时灯灭了 I was about to go out when it began to rain 我正要出去 这时天下起雨来 知识拓展 并列连词 when 常用于以下结构 1 be about to do when I was about to phone him when he walked into the room 我正要给他打电话 他进屋了 2 be on the point of doing sth when I was on the point of going to bed when you rang 你来电话时我正要睡觉 3 be doing when I was standing there lost in thought when I was called from behind 正当我站在那里沉思的时候 有人从背后叫我 4 had just done when He had just drifted off to sleep when the phone rang 他刚迷迷糊糊地睡下 这时电话铃就响了 知识运用 1 2010 全国 2 7 Tom was about to close the window his attention was caught by a bird A when B if C and D till 答案 A 本题题意 汤姆正要关窗户 突然一只鸟引起了他的注意 be about to do when 表示 刚要 正打算 突然 2 I was on the point of going to bed there was a knock at the door A when B as C while D until 答案 A 本题题意 我正要睡觉 突然有人敲门 when 表示 其时 当时 当场 引 导并列句 3 Saturday is the day I get my hair done A when B as C while D until 答案 A 本题题意 星期六是我做头发的日子 when 表示 用于时间的表达方式之后 在那时 其时 4 Why bother to paint it you can photograph it with the same effect A when B while C as D although 答案 A 本题题意 既然拍照也能达到同样的效果 你干吗要费事去画它 when 表示 考虑到 既然 相当于 considering that 5 I m saying it now I should have told you long ago A when B while C as D since 答案 A 本题题意 我早就应该告诉你了 可是我现在才说 when 引导让步状语从句 注意 while 也可以引导让步状语从句 但须前置 例如 While I admit that there are problems I don t agree that they cannot be solved 尽管我承认有问题存在 但我不同意说 这些问题不能解决 第三课时 词汇 1 I am very 不舒服的 lying on this hard cold floor 2 Let me see all the official 证件 concerning the sale of this land 3 He 射击 at the bird but missed it 4 He was 未察觉的 of his mistakes 5 A 小说家 creates characters and a plot 答案 1 uncomfortable 2 documents 3 shot 4 unconscious 5 novelist 短语 1 be unconscious of 2 shoot at 3 find out 4 find oneself 5 take by surprise 答案 1 未意识到 2 朝 射击 3 查明 弄明白 搞清楚 4 发现自己是 在 5 使 吃惊 突袭 重点单词 1 precious adj 1 珍奇的 珍稀的 Pandas are precious creatures 熊猫是珍贵的动物 2 宝贵的 珍贵的 You should make good use of every precious minute to study 你应很好利用宝贵的每一分钟去学习 2 valuable 物品指有相当价值 可高价出售的 非物品指重要的或有用 有益 This dictionary will be very valuable to you for studying English 这本字典对你 学习英语将很有帮助 The flaw in this vase makes it less valuable 这个花瓶因为有点缺陷 不那么值钱了 知识运用 1 Treasured memories live and grow more with time May those beautiful yesterdays help to ease today s sorrow A precious B valuable C expensive D priceless 答案 A 本题题意 珍爱的记忆与时光同在且日益珍贵 愿那些美好的昨天帮助你减轻 今天的悲哀 precious 表示 受珍爱的 受珍惜的 2 They carried out criticism and self criticism and made many proposals A precious B valuable C expensive D priceless 答案 A 本题题意 他们进行了批评和自我批评 提出了许多有价值的建议 valuable 表 示 很有用的 很有价值的 很重要的 2 unconscious adj 1 无知觉的 昏迷的 不省人事的 She remained unconscious for several hours 她不省人事有好几个小时 2 感情 思想等 无意识的 自然流露的 It is difficult to live with such mixed feelings so they fade away into the unconscious mind and only return in troubled dreams 这些混杂的情感很难让人接受 所以它们被淡忘于潜意识里 只有在扰人的梦境中才会重 现 3 of sb sth 未察觉的 未意识到的 未注意的 They were so quiet that he was completely unconscious of their presence 他们非常安静 他完全不知道他们在场 知识运用 1 After she hit her head she was for several minutes A absent minded B unconscious C unaware D senseless 答案 B 本题题意 她把头碰了一下后昏迷了几分钟 unconscious 表示 无知觉的 昏 迷的 不省人事的 2 The new worlds Freud explored were inside man himself For the mind is like a deep well full of memories and feelings A absent minded B unconscious C unaware D senseless 答案 B 本题题意 弗洛伊德探索的新世界是人自身的内心世界 因为潜意识就像一口深 井 装满了各种记忆和情绪 unconscious 表示 感情 思想等 无意识的 自然流露的 3 shoot v 1 sth at sb sth sth from sth 开 枪或其他武器 射击 发射 He enjoys riding fishing and shooting 他喜欢骑马 钓鱼和射击 2 射杀 射伤 He shot the bird with his gun 他用枪打鸟 3 发射 子弹等 The searchlight shot a long ray across the sky 探照灯射出一道长长的光柱划过天空 4 sth at sb sb sth 突然把 投向 They shot angry glances at her 他们对她投以愤怒的目光 5 拍摄 摄影 The new movie was shot in Africa 这部新的影片是在非洲拍摄的 6 at sth 射门 投篮 He shot two goals in the game 在比赛中 他进了两个球 知识拓展 shot 1 C at sb sth 射击 开枪 或开炮 Two of her shots hit the centre of the target 她有两枪打中靶心 2 C 针对对手 多为一系列之一的 一席话 一击 His remark was meant as a shot at me 他的话是冲着我来的 3 C 击球 射门 投篮 The striker had took a shot at goal 前锋射门 知识运用 1 The wonderful of goals are usually shown again in slow motion A gains B shots C scores D obtains 答案 B 本题题意 精彩的射门镜头常常用慢镜头重映 shot 表示 击球 射门 投篮 2 Hearing the sad news he felt the tears from his eyes A shooting B rushing C floating D flowing 答案 A 本题题意 一听到令人伤心的消息 他就感到泪水从眼中涌了出来 shoot 表示 射出 放出 抛出 新课标语法 Revise the ing form 复习 ing 形式 1 动名词 动名词的句法功能 1 主语 Reading French is easier than speaking it 法语读比说容易 Checking information is very important 核实情况的工作很重要 知识拓展 1 不定式与动名词作主语的差异 动名词作主语往往表示普通的 一般的行为 不定式作主语常表示某次具体的行为 Collecting information about children s health is his job 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作 It s necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的 2 常用动名词做主语的句型有 It s no good use fun doing It s no use pretending you didn t know 你装糊涂是无济于事的 It s a waste of time doing It s a waste of time doing that 做那种事是浪费时间 It s worthwhile doing It s worthwhile taking the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees 给新雇员详细解释一下工作要求 费点事也是值得的 There is no point denying telling in doing There is no point in complaining They can t do anything to help you 抱怨于事无补 他们没办法帮助你 3 常用不定式作主语的句型有 It s difficult important necessary for sb to do It is important for students to attend all the lectures 所有的课学生都应该去听 这是很重要的 It s kind good friendly polite careless rude cruel clever foolish brave of sb to do It wasn t very polite of you to serve yourself without asking 你也不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的 2 表语 He works in a bank but his hobby is building model boats 他在银行工作 但他的业余爱好是做船舶模型 His job is selling newspapers 他的工作是卖报 知识拓展 1 动名词作表语是对主语内容的解释 主语与表语位置可以互换 动名词常用于口语中 Her job is teaching English to Chinese students 她的工作是教中国学生英语 2 不定式作表语 通常表示具体的 特别是将来的某次行为 The next step is to search the titles for more information 下一步是查标题 以获得更多的信息 3 宾语 I have no objection to hearing your story again 再听一遍你的故事 我没有异议 He avoided answering my questions 他避而不答我的问题 知识拓展 1 在英语中 下列动词或动词短语只接动名词作宾语 avoid advise allow admit appreciate consider de