高考英语阅读理解专项练习

第 1 页 共 18 页 高中毕业班英语阅读理解专项练习 两套 第一套 A Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together Others say that the opposite is true that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred There is probably some truth in both arguments but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of athletes but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests One country received its second place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match as the losers objecting to the final decisions They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents victory was unfair Their manager was in a rage when he said This wasn t hockey Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three years The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia after a disputable end to their contest The game had ended in disturbace It was thought at first that the United States had won by a single point but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other and another player popped it into the basket It was the first time the U S A had ever lost an Olympic basketball match An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals or in non national 第 2 页 共 18 页 terms might be too much to hope for But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism 1 According to the author recent Olympic Games have A created goodwill between the nations B bred only false national pride C hardly showed any international friendship D led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred 2 What did the manager mean by saying Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished A His team would no longer take part in international games B Hockey and the Federation are 60th ruined by the unfair decisions C There should be no more hockey matches organized by the Federation D The Federation should be dissolved 3 The basketball example implied that A too much patriotism was displayed in the incident B the announcement to prolong the match was wrong C the appeal jury was too hesitant in making the decision D The American team was right in receiving the silver medals 4 The author gives the two examples in paragraph 2 and 3 to show A how false national pride led to undesirable incidents in international games B that sportsmen have been more obedient than they used to be C that competitiveness in the games discourages international friendship D that unfair decisions are common in Olympic Games 5 What conclusion can be drawn from the passage A The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved B Athletes should compete as individuals in the Olympic Games C Sport should be played competitively rather than for the love of the game D International contests are liable for misunderstanding between nations 第 3 页 共 18 页 B There are two major parties in Britain today the Conservative Party and the Labour Party which have been in power by turns since 1945 The two party system of Britain was formed in the course of the development of the capitalist state and the political parties In order to strengthen the state machine the British bourgeosie have let it come into being and exist in one form or another form since the 17th century P S Tregidgo once said The more parties there are the less likely it is that any one of them will be strong enough in Parliament to outvote all the others but when there are only two one of them is sure to have a majority o f seats This helps to ensure a strong and stable government This may be the reason why the British have the two party system The division into two parties grew out the establishment of a Protestant Church of England in the 16th century Because of a purely religious difference of opinion the Puritans were separated from the broad body of the Anglican Church The non Puritan Anglicans were on the side of the King and Church and their supporters were called by their opponents Tories The Puritans were for Parliament and trade and their supporters were called by the Tories Whigs The Tories and the Whigs were in power by turns for a long time In 1833 the Tory party split into two and its name was changed to Conservative In the 1860s the Whigs became Liberals From that time on the Liberals and the Conservatives were in office by turns until 1922 The policies they put into effect were sometimes different but they were both controlled by the rich The working class became more and more unwilling to follow the Conservatives and the Liberals They wanted to have their own party So the Labour party was formed by the trade unions After 1922 the Labour Party gradually replaced the Liberal Party to become one of the two major parties in Great Britain 6 What does it stand for in the third line A The two party system B The state machine C The Partiament D The capitalist state 7 We can learn from what P S Tregidgo once said that 第 4 页 共 18 页 A if there are parties in Britain none of them will be strong enough to have con trol in the government B the more patients there are the more likely it is that they will have the deci sive say in the government C the two party system contributes to the establishment of a powerful and long lasting government D if there are only two parties in Britain it will be easy for the government to control them 8 What can we infer from the forming of the Tory Party and the Whig Party A These two parties originally believed in different religions B These two parties were established under the influence of different religious believes C The British King and the Parliament supported different religions becaused they were for the two party system D The British King and the Parliament were supported by different parties for political reasons 9 According to the passage why was the Labour Party established in Britain A Because the trade unions did not do much good for the working people B Because the Liberal Party were not strong enough to defeat the Conservative Party C Because the working people would not like to be members outside the Liberal Party D Because neither of the two major parties was the parties for the working people 10 Which of the following is true concerning the Tory Party or the Whig Party A The Whig Party no longer exists in Britain B The Tory Party has kept its unity until the present day C The Whig Party has taken the place of the Liberal Party D The Tory Party has taken the place of the Conservative Party C The immune system is the body s defender It identifies tracks down and destroys troublemakers before they can hurt the body Those troublemakers may be for example bacteria from a cut or splinter a measles germ a cold bug or even a cancer cell 第 5 页 共 18 页 These invaders try to take over our tissues and feed off our bodies nutrients If they succeed we become sick or sometimes even die It s the job of our immune systems to destroy these invaders before they destroy us Say you picked up a flu virus 病毒 last week Perhaps it entered your body through a cut from a drinking glass or from the air you breathe Of course you didn t feel it but the virus made its way into your bloodstream As soon as it entered your body it began to reproduce Viruses have only one goal to take over your cells Once inside your body viruses try to enter cells and disrupt their normal wor k If left alone these viruses would hurt so many cells that you would weaken or worse get a serious illness But this flu virus should not be so complacent as it seems to be As it reproduces in your bloodstream the virus is met by a certain kind of white blood cell the lymphocytes The lymphocytes are the foot soldiers that keep you alive The number of lymphocytes in your body is hard to imagine Thousands of them could fit in the period at the end of this sentence Your body holds about a trillion that s 1 000 000 000 000 of them or about 3 000 in every drop of blood Since you began reading this sentence over 800 000 of them have been created and destroyed Some of these lymphocytes pass through a small walnut sized organ called the thymus The thymus is the base of the neck Here special hormones 荷尔蒙 turn lymphocytes into fighting cells called T cells T cells have one terrific talent They can tell the difference between friend and foe what should be in our bodies and what shouldn t They do not affect the body s healthy cells Yet they attack everything that is foreign to our bodies such as germs transplants and even our own cells which have become abnormal as in the case of cancer 11 What is the function of our immune system A To take over our tissues and feed off our bodies nutrients B To prevent bacteria or germs from entering the body C To destroy the troublemakers in order that they might not hurt the body D To fight against T cells 12 What does the word lymphocytes mean 第 6 页 共 18 页 A Food soldiers B Flu virus C White blood cells D Troublemakers 13 The last sentence in para 5 since you began reading this sentence over 800 000 of them have been created and destroyed implies that A this sentence contributes to the increase of the number of lymphocytes in your body B you would not realize that lymphocytes reproduce themselves rapidly but for th is sentence C because you read this sentence a large number of lymphocytes have been consume d D the number of lymphocytes in your body is extremely large 14 Which of the following can NOT be detected by T cells A Thymus B Transplants C Cancer cells D Healthy cells 15 Which of the following questions best summaries the main idea of the whole passage A How does the immune system attack the flu virus B How does the immune system function in our body C How do the lymphocytes work in our body D What is the so called immune system D Family is of course an elastic word But when British people say that their society is based on family life they are thinking of family in its narrow peculiarly European sense of mother father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit Thus every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life For both the man and the woman marriage means leaving one s parents and starting one s own life The man s first duty will then be to his wife and the wife s to her husband He will be entirely responsible for her financial support and she for the running of the new home Their children will be their common responsibility and theirs alone Neither the wife s parents nor the husband s nor their brothers or sisters aunts or uncles have any right to interfere with them they are their own masters Readers of novels like Jane Austen s Pride and Prejudice will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families were arranged by the girl s parents that is it was the parents 第 7 页 共 18 页 duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter preferably a rich one and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her Until that time the girl was protected and maintained in the parents home and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry It is very different today Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage This has had two results A girl chooses her own husband and she gets no dowry 16 What does the author mean by Family is of course an elastic word A Different families have different ways of life B Different definitions could be given to the word C Different nations have different families D Different times produce different families 17 For an English family the husband s duty is A supporting the family while the wife is financial B defending the family while the wife is running the home C financial while the wife is running the home D independent while the wife is dependent 18 Everything is decided in a family A by the coupleB with the help of their parents C by brothers and sistersD with the help of aunts and uncles 19 What is true concerning the book Pride and Prejudice A It is the best book on marriage B It is a handbook of marriage C It gives quite some idea of English social life in the past D It provides a lot of information of former time wealthy families 20 With regard to marriage in Britain present day girls differ from former time girls in A the right marryB more parental support C choosing husbandsD social position 第 8 页 共 18 页 第二套 A The three main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by the Latin grammar school the academy and the public high school The first of these was a colonial institution It began in New England with the establish ment in 1635 of the Boston Free Latin School The curriculum 课程 consisted mainly of the classical languages and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college where most of them would be fitted for the ministry The academy began in the early 1750 s with Benjamin Franklin s school in Philadelphia which later became the University of Pennsylvania It extended generally to about the middle nineteeth century except in the southern states where the public high school was late in developing and where the academy continued to be a principal means of secondary education even after 1900 The academy was open to girls as well as to boys and it provided a wider curriculum than what the Latin grammar school had furnished It was designed not only as a preparation for college but also for practical life in commercial and business activities Although its wide educational values are evident and are recognized as important contributions to secondary education in this country the academy has never been considered a public institution as the public high school has come to be The public high school had its origin in Massachusetts in 1821 when the English Classical School was established in Boston In 1827 the state enacted 制定 the first state wide public high school law in the United States By 1840 there were perhaps a dozen public high schools in Massachusetts and many in other eastern states by 1850 they could also be found in many other states Just as the curriculum of the academy grew out of that of the Latin grammar school the curriculum of the public high school developed out of that of the academy The public high school in the United States is a repudiation 推翻 of the aristocratic 贵族的 and selective principle of the European educational tradition Since 1890 enrollments 入学 in secondary schools mainly public high schools have practically doubled in this country every ten years 第 9 页 共 18 页 1 According to the passage which of the following sequences indicates the order in which the schools developed A Latin grammar school public high school academy B Latin grammar school academy public high school C Public high school Latin grammar school academy D Public high school academy Latin grammar school 2 It is the opinion of the author that the academy compared with the public high school was A obviously academically better B more discriminatory in student selection C coeducational D not generally considered as a public institution 3 The year 1827 marks the A enactment of the first state wide public high school law B founding of the Latin Grammar School in Boston C establishment of the English classical School in Boston D year when Massachusetts made free public education compulsory after the eighth grade 4 One can probably infer from his article that Latin grammar school refers to A the Boston Free Latin School B all the elementary schools in the United States C schools which taught Latin exclusive of all other subjects D a number of schools which developed in New England 5 It is implied but not stated in the passage that A European educational systems are not good B As high schools developed in the united states the decision was made to make them responsible to people from all classes of socitety C There was an aristocratic and selective principle in the European educaional tradition D public high schools in the United States embraced the European educational tradition B 第 10 页 共 18 页 In the eighteenth century one of the first modern economists Adam Smith thought that the whole annual produce of the land and labour of every country provided revenue to three different orders of people those who live by rent those who live by wages and those who live by profit Each successive stage of the industrial revolution however made the social structure more complicated Many intermediate groups grew up during the nineteenth century between the upper middle class and the working class There were small scale industrialists as we ll as large ones small shopkeepers and tradesmen officials and salaried employees skilled and unskilled workers and professional men such as doctors and teachers Farmers and peasants continued in all countries as independent groups During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the possession of wealth inevitably affected a person s social position Intelligent indu