动词后接不定式和动名词的区别

1 一 动词后接不定式和动名词的区别 1 Stop to do 停止 中断做某事后去做另一件事 Stop doing 停止正在做的某事 They stopped to smoke a cigarette I must stop smoking 2 Forget to do 忘记要去做 Forget doing 忘记做过某事 The light in the office is still on He forgot to turn it off He forgot turning the light off 3 remember to do 记着去做某事 Remember doing 记着做过某事 Remember to go to the post office after school Don t you remember seeing the man before 4 try to do 设法或努力去做某事 Try doing 尝试着做某事 You must try to be more careful I tried gardening but didn t succeed 5 regret to do 对要做的事情遗憾 Regret doing 对做过的事情遗憾 后悔 I regret to have to do this but I have no choice I don t regret telling her what I thought 6 mean to do 打算 想 Mean doing 意味着 I mean to go but my father would not allow me to Doing that means wasting time 7 go on to do 放下手中的活 继续去做别的活 Go on doing 继续做原来做的活 We had supper and went on to watch TV He didn t have a rest and went on working 8 be afraid to do 不敢 胆怯去做某事 主观原因不去做意为 怕 Be afraid doing 担心出现 doing 所指的状况 结果 doing 是客观造成的结果 意为 生 怕 恐怕 She was afraid to wake her husband up She was afraid of waking her husband 二 动词不定式做宾补和分词做宾补的区别 Look at see watch hear find feel 等感官动词后接不定式做宾补时 表示动作的全过程 已结束 后接分词做宾补时 表示动作的一部分正在进行 I saw him cross the road I saw him crossing the road I heard someone enter the room I heard someone singing I felt something hit me on the back Can you feel the train slowing down 2 三 Need require want 后跟不定式和动名词的区别 当 need require want 做 需要 理解时 后加动名词主动式等于不定式的被动式 The window needs cleaning The window needs to be cleaned 四 现在分词与过去分词的区别 1 在语态上 现在分词表示主动意义 过去分词表示被动意义 the surprising news a surprised man a moving film the moved people 2 在时间上 现在分词表示正在进行的动作 过去分词表示已经完成的动作 the developing country the developed country the rising sun the risen sun 五 注意含有介词 to 的固定短语 1 Make a contribution s to 为 做贡献 Everyone should make a contribution to society 2 devote to 献身 致力于 He has devoted his life to helping disabled people 3 look forward to 期待 盼望 we are so much looking forward to seeing you again 4 prefer to 两者间更喜欢 I prefer walking to cycling 5 be used to 习惯 适应 She is quite used to working hard 六 易混句式 1 have sb do sth 让某人做某事 have 可以用 let make 代替 The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father 2 have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 have 可以用 keep 代替 动作具有持续进行 的含义 The two men had their lights burning all night long 3 have sth done 让某事被别人做 即 ask sb else to do sth 过去分词 done 这个动作由 他人 非主语本身 来完成 含有被动意义且强调动作已经完成 The driver had his car washed once a week My hair is too long I will have it cut tomorrow Exercises 用所给动词的适当形式填 1 I hope find a good job in a foreign company after I graduate from school 2 He found it hard catch up with his classmates 3 Father asks me not play games before finishing my homework 4 All the children like Mr White very much because he often makes them laugh 5 Let him have a rest I think he must be tired after the long walk 6 We have two rooms live in but I can t decide which one choose 7 Bob speaks Chinese quite well Yes go he does He practices speak Chinese every day 3 8 Before 2018 we will finish build the school 9 She says he doesn t feel like go out with you 10 The boy stand in the teacher s office was found smoking yesterday 真题练习 1 My roommate often asks me her to play chess A teach B teaching C to teach 2 Please don t forget the room while I am away in Beijing A clean B to clean C cleaned D cleaning 3 Wow There are so many books I really can t decide A where to buy B which to buy C what to buy D how to buy 4 I can t decide You mean the purple sweater or the blue one A how to go there B who to go with C where to visit D which to choose 5 The doctor did what he could the dying man A save B to save C saved D saving 6 The global financial crisis has made many people their money A to care for B took care of C be careful with D to be cared about 7 My father always asks me too much junk food A don t eat B not to eat C not eat 8 Mum knows make a banana milk shake A how B what to C how to 9 When we practice speaking English we often end up in Chinese A to speak B speaking C spoken D speak 10 Have you made up you mind the sick kids By singing songs A what to tell B how to cheer up C when to help D where to look after 11 The teacher asked Ben a difficult question in class A answer B answering C to answer D answered 12 You d better too much time playing computer games A don t spend B not to spend C to not spend D not spend 13 More and more young people are trying to do something the old A served B to serve C serve D serves 14 How about in the river with us Sorry I can t My parents often tell me that A swim don t do B swim to do C swimming not do D swimming not to do 15 I m very tired these days because of studying for physics Why not music It can make you A listen to to relax B listen to relax C listening to relax D listening to to relax 16 She won t let her daughter by the river A play B plays C to play D playing 17 more about tomorrow s weather call 121 Ok I will Thank you A Know B Knowing C To know D Known 18 What a heavy rain So it is I prefer at home on such a rainy day A watch TV to go out B watch TV go out C watching TV to going out D to watch TV going 4 out 19 Tell him tomorrow OK A come B to come C comes D is coming 20 It seems that it is going to rain You d better the windows open when you leave the house A not leave B leave C not to leave D to leave 21 I enjoy my bike in the mountains It s not always easy but exciting A ride B rode C to ride D riding 22 What are you going to do this weekend I d like my parents A to visit B visit C visiting 23 She asked me the teacher her secret A not to tell B don t tell C not tell 24 Our headmaster asked us a report on how to protect wild animals A write B writing C to write D wrote 25 Would you please tell me next Thank it over You ll find a good way A when to do B how to do C what to do D where to do 26 All the hats look beautiful I don t know A how to choose B where to choose C which one to choose 27 Parents always tell me computer games too much A no