大学英语教程Unit Seven重点 (第三版).doc

Unit SevenText II. Writing Skills It is a magazine editorial. The writer gives us a serious account of a single incident - the death of Paret.II. Language Points1. fledgling / fledgling fledgling/fledgling n. - a young bird just able to fly; (fig) a young inexperienced person eg: Are you fledglings now? He is a fledgling teacher fledged (adj.) (of birds) with fully grown feathers; able to fly eg: The birds are fledged now. a fully-fledged man2. beat n. - the particular source or activity that a reporter is responsible for covering (范围) 只限用在新闻工作范围 often: Beat is also called news beat or news run. eg: My beat is education. (I am responsible for education news.) His beat is White House. My responsibility is White House beat. The news reporter is on the social security beat.Par: Li Wei Tsien is responsible for sports news. (Li Wei Tsien is on sports beat.) He is responsible for science news. (He is on science beat.) My brother is responsible for traffic news. (My brother is on traffic beat. /My brothers beat is traffic.)3. assignment assign (v.)vt. a) give to sb. for use or enjoyment, or as a share or part in a distribution (of work, duty, etc.) 分配, 分派(工作任务等给某人) assign sth to sb./ assign sb. stheg: The leader will assign a new house to him.They have assigned another class to John. Well be assigned a new house. assign sb to + stheg: Well assign him to a new post.A new headmaster will be assigned to this school.Please assign your best men to this job.Par: Well give him a new duty. He will receive the guard duty. The school will send him to XingJiang. assign sb to do stheg: The headmaster assigned the students to sweep the floor.The editor assigned the new reporter to cover international news. b) name, put forward (as a time, place, a reason etc.) 指定(时间,地点等), 指出(理由) assign (a time/place) for.eg: We assigned a day in July for the performance.We assigned a day for our League meeting.We Can not assign ant reason for his failure. (说出.的理由)The doctor cant assign any cause for her illness. c) give the students as homework etc. 留作 eg: The teacher will assign 10 pages for homework.The teacher assigned the next ten questions for Sunday. assignment (n.) a) u - assigning 分派eg: His assignment to a new post is not official.He is not happy about the assignment to a place of danger. b) u c homeworkeg: Whats todays assignment?We have a lot of assignments for today.Our assignment today is to copy the text. c) c u duty, task 服务, 任务eg: He held the condign assign for two years.Ill soon leave for an assignment in India.The ambassadors next assignment will be in India. be on an assignmenteg: Now he is on an important assignment.(several assignments)4. all the way from a far away place 从远道eg: He came all the way from Canada. (从.远道而来) from beginning to end eg: He stayed in the game all the way. (从未被淘汰) ranging from. (从.到.) eg: All the cadres must take part in the work, all the way from the grass-roots to the highest leading cadres (从机关到高级机关) all the journey 一路上 eg: They walked all the way to come here.5. bland bland (adj.) - gentle or polite in manner or talk. 行动和谈话温文有礼地 eg: He is a bland young man. blandness (n.)6. colossus (n.) - a person or thing of very great size, or ability or importance 巨人, 巨物,巨像pl. colossi OR colossuses.7. so/as far as . (be concerned.) 就.来说, 就.而论 (通常表示不赞同时用) - in sbs opinioneg: As far as I am concerned, the book is not so useful.Par: In his opinion, the earlier, the be Her. In my opinion, It is impossible to do it. In our opinion, he will not do so.where.is concerned 在讲到.的时候.eg: Where work is concerned, I always do my best. We can never be frightened, where our principles are concerned.8. be adroit (可行的) at doing sth./in sth. - be skilful/clever eg: She is adroit at making cakes./in maths.9. wind up - vt. bring. to an end; 结果 vi. come to an end 结束eg: They wound up the evening party by singing a song.Par: It is time for you to put an end to your speech. His military career ended by his rudeness to the commander. (.wound up by.) Lets end this job today. I must end the letter now. The meeting ended at six. having the result of. in the end 最后陷入.的结局. wind up + n. eg: She wound up the winner.He wound up the present.wind up + V-ingeg: I never dreamed that I would wind up getting so much.wind up + adj.eg: He is sure to wind up drunk.wind up + prep. phraseeg: Be careful, you could wind up by getting hurt.Note. The implied meaning of and you wind up counting your empty seats is:The end result of hiring boxing artists is that you have few spectators; because boxing fans are not interested in watching boxing artists.10. hit sb. in./on.eg: He hit me on the forehead/in the face.11. a flurry of - a gust of; a great deal of eg: a flurry of excitement/alarm12. appoint appoint (v.)a) fix or decide 指定; 决定;eg: We will appoint 8 oclock as the time to begin.They appointed him to collect the books.b) choose and name 指派, 委任 appoint sb. + n.eg: They appointed him the manager. appoint sb + to beeg: They appointed him to be the manager. appoint sb to + place/posteg: He was appointed to the position./to Beijing.c) give orders to do sth 命令 appoint that . (should) be doneeg: He appointed that the work should be done. appointment (n.)a) appointing 约定; 任用; 委派eg: Hes appointment runs for 2 years. (任职)The appointment of Anne as a secretary pleased all her friends.b) arrangement to meet sb 约会 make an appointment with sbeg: I have made an appointment with my sister. c) position or office ceg: Ill try to get a good appointment in the business firm.13. assess assess (v.) decide or fix, the amount/value of. 估计; 估计.的数额 assess sth at.eg: We assess the value of the property at $20,000.They assessed the damage at $10,000. assess sth 估价eg: It is difficult to assess the importance of the decision.They tried to assess the situation and decide what to do.We are going to assess our teaching condition. assessment (n.) a) camount assessed uassessing 估计; 评估eg: The teachers assessment of the book is that it is well written.Whats your assessment of the situation?b) a person who advises a judge or official committee on some matters 反方向eg: He is working as an assessment.14. responsibility responsibility (n.) - being responsible/being accountable/duty 责任, 负责eg: My responsibility is to teach 2 classes.He should bear the responsibility of the accident. lay/put the responsibility on . responsible (adj.) be responsible for.eg: I am responsible for 2 classes.He should be responsible for the accident.15. attorney n. person with legal authority to act for another in business or law 代理人 a letter of attorney 委任书 power of attorney 委任权 lawyer(U.S.) (=solicitor in England) 律师16. express ones concern (over.) 对.表示关心,关怀eg: Andrew expressed his concern.He expressed his concern over the problem.17. have to do with. - be related to; concern 与.有关系eg: This match is very important, because it has to do with the winning or losing.The four years study has to do with my future. have much/something/nothing to do with18. certify certify (v.) declare (usu. by giving a certificate/ after checking) that one is certain of sth, that sth is true or correct 证明.无误 certify stheg: The bank certified my account.He is trying to certified the womans qualification. certify sb/sth +adj.eg: The doctor certified him mad. certify that.eg: The minister certified that his trip abroad was necessary.You must certify that that is your signature. certificate (n.) - written or printed statement, made by sb in authority that may be used as proof or evidence of sth 证明书 eg: a birth/marriage/heath certificate a certificate of graduation certificated - having the right or authority to do sth as the result of obtaining a certificate 有证书的; 合格的eg: He is a certificated teacher/doctor/lawyer. certification (n.)19. adequate adequate (adj.) a) enougheg: Shall we have adequate fuels in the future?The supply is not adequate to the demand. b) having the quality needed 恰当的; 胜任的; 让人满意的eg: His knowledge is adequate for the job. adequately (adv.) 充分的; 适当的eg: The people here are adequately dressed.negative. inadequate - not enougheg: The supply of fuels is inadequate. adequacy (n.) 胜任eg: I doubt his adequacy for the job.20. recuperate recuperate (v.) make or become strong again after illness, exhaustion or loss 恢复精力; 休养 recuperate ones healtheg: He can hardly recuperate his health.He went to the seaside to recuperate. recuperate from.eg: He soon recuperated from illness/overwork. recuperation (n.) - recuperating 复原; 休养eg: Recuperation takes a long time.21. intervene intervene (vi.)a) interfere so as to prevent sth or change the result 干涉; 阻挠; 调停eg: The referee intervened before the players hurt each other. intervene in.eg: The government intervened in the strike.They refused to intervene in the war.We dont want to intervene in other countries ervene between . 从中调停eg: The woman tried to intervene between her husband and her son.Dont intervene between the two drunks.b) (of events) come between others in time (事件)插入(其他事件);在其间发生;过去Par: Ill leave on Sunday if nothing else happens.(intervenes) Years passed between the civil war and the world war. Many years passed before they met again. Nothing interesting has happened.We enjoyed the picnic until a thunderstorm came. intervention (n.) u:intervening c:instance of intervening 插入, 介入其间;干涉,调停eg: The strike was settled by the intervention of the president.We hate their intervention in our affairs.The two countries will not accept outside intervention.22. This is not where the primary responsibility lies.Note. It is a nominal clause (名义上的从句), often introduced by when or whereeg: This is where we should find the answer.Par: The audience sees a man hurt, this is the most exciting moment.- The most exciting moment is when the audience sees a man hurt. The referee wants to stop the fight. The audience doesnt want to stop the fight.- This is where the referee and the audience differ. lie with sb. (responsibility) be laid on. 应由.负责任, (作决定)得靠.eg: The responsibility lies with the driver.The decision lies with the leaders.The success of our plan lies with you.lie in sth 在于eg: He insisted that success lie in hard work.23. blame blame (v.) a) find fault with; fix the responsibility on. 责备; 归咎 blame sb.eg: You make a mistake, you cant blame any body. blame sb for stheg: He blamed the boy for his mistake.He blamed me for sth I didnt do.blame sth on sb(sth)eg: He blamed his failure on his teacher.The driver blamed the accident on the conductor.The boys blamed their defeat on the weather. (sb) (sth) be to blame (不用被动) 埋怨eg: I say he is to blame.He is more to blame than John.Nobody is to blame for it.Who is to blame for starting the fire? blame (n.) responsibility for failure etc. 对失败等所应该负的责任 lay/put the blame on. 把.怪在.的身上eg: Dont put/lay the blame on him.He is trying to lay the blame on the teacher.(for his failure) take/bear the blame (on oneself) 承担责任eg: Im going to take all the blame on myself.He will take/bear the blame for what has happened. blameless (adj.) - without shortcomings or faulteg: She has a blameless reputation.24. promotepromote (v.)a) give (sb.) higher position or rank 晋级; 擢升 promote sb. to.eg: The leaders will promote him to the rank of sergeant.Hell be promoted to associate professor. be promoted from . to.eg: He will be promoted from a soldier to an officer. promote sb. to be.eg: Well promote him to be lecturer.b) help to organize and start 协办; 筹设; 提倡; 促进 promote sth eg: to promote a new business companyShe is trying to promote the affair between Mary and John.Mike is promoting his health.Certain food promotes tooth decay. promoter (n.) - a person who promote a new trading company 发起者;促进者promotiona) u promoting or being promoted 提升; 晋级eg: He has good chances of promotion.He will get promotion if he works hard.b) c instance of promoting or being promotedeg: The clerk was given a promotion.Jack worked hard and received quick promotions.III. Questions on Text I1. What is the text about?2. When did the writer interview Mike Jacobs/3. Why did he say he was a fledging newspaper reporter?4. What was the writers work range?5. What was he assigned to do during vacation season?6. Why did the writer mention his interview with Mike Jacobs?7. Was the writers opinion similar to Jacobs?8. What was the only important element (factor) in promoting prize-fights? 9. Were people interested in watching boxing artists performances?10. Were many seats empty when boxing artists were hired?11. Were people interested in watching killers hurting each other?12. What did the crowd pay to do?13. What happened to Benney Paret recently?14. Did many people see the scene on which Paret was killed?15. What did the Paret fight result in?16. Was Governor Rockefeller surprised at what had happened to Paret?17. Did the Governor set up a committee to investigate the matter?18. How many questions did the organization of investigation put forward? 19. Who did