第二讲___一般现在时.doc

第二讲 一般现在时一、知识梳理要点一：一般现在时的概念：表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态.要点二：一般现在时的用法：1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常和时间状语连用。时间状语：every, sometimes,at, on Sunday. He often wakes up at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。（注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.） 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。eg. I dont want so much./Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup./I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现时。要点三：一般现在时的基本结构：肯定式疑问式否定式否定疑问式I work.Do you work?I do not work.Dont you work?You work.Do you work?You do not work.Dont you work?We work.Do you work?We do not work.Dont you work?They work.Do they work?They do not work.Dont they work?He(She,It) works.Does he(she,it) work?He(She,It) does not work.Doesnt he(she it) work?要点四：一般现在时动词的变化规律：情况构成方法 读音例词一般情况加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅音和元音后读/z/ swim-swims；help-helps；like- likes以o结尾的词加 -es 读/z/goes,does以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词 加 -es 读/iz/watches以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es 读/z/study-studies 不规则变化have和be动词变have 为 has 变be为am, is, arehave-has be-am, is, are要点五：一般现在时动词的具体运用：1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语有always, usually, regularly，every morning/night/evening/day/week/year, often, sometimes等。e.g. I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning. 2.表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征和状态。 e.g. I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 3.表示客观事实和普遍真理。 e.g The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时。If you go to the party, you will have a good time. 要点六：一般现在时的表达方法：1.如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、 we ，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示： We usually go to school at 7:30. 我们通常7:30上学去。go My parents give ten yuan to my sister every week.我父母每星期给我妹妹十元钱。give 2.主语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数，谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别提一点：不可数名词也算作单数处理。 3.谓语动词的变化规律是： (1) 在动词后加-s，-es read - reads，write - writes，say - says (2) 以s，x，ch，sh，o 结尾的词加-es teach - teaches，wash - washes，guess - guesses (3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-es try - tries，carry - carries (4) 特殊变化的词 be (是) - am, is, are I am she/he/it, 名词单数都用 is we, you, they, 名词复数都用are have (有) - have, has I, we, you, they, 名词复数都用haveshe/he/it is, 名词单数都用 has (5) 助动词，不论单复数、不论什么人称都没有变化，都用 can, may, must, need, ought to 等。而且，句子中有了助动词，谓语动词就不需要有任何变化了，即用动词原形表示。 请看下面的例子： Lucy is at home now. 露茜现在在家。 We have six classes every day. 我们每天上六节课。 I often get up at 6:30. 我经常6:30起床。 Jack likes Chinese food very much. 杰克很喜欢中国饮食。 We can see some pictures on the wall. 我们能看到墙上的画。 要点七：一般现在时的疑问句型：1.对于谓语动词或助动词是 be、have、can/may/must 等，将这些词移到主语前面。 Are you students？Yes, we are. / No, we arent. Is Jane in the classroom? Yes, he is. / No, he isnt. Does the house have two rooms? Yes, it does / No, it doesnt. Is there any water in the glass? Yes, there is. / No, there isnt. Can you swim? Yes, I can. / No, I cant. 2.谓语动词是实义动词，方法是在主语前加助动词do或does构成，句中动词要改用原型动词。do 用于第一人称和名词复数，does 用于第三人称单数和名词单数或不可数名词。 Do you know it？Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Does she have a pen？Yes, she does. / No, she hasnt.have 这里是实义动词 Do they play basketball after school? Yes, they do. / No, they dont. 要点八：一般现在时的否定句型：1.谓语动词或助动词是 be、have或者情态动词can/may/must 等，在将助动词后加not. I am not at college. Mr. Wang isnt 50 years old. The Jacksons doesnt have two sons. You may not go now. 2.谓语动词是实义动词，是在谓语动词前加do not 或does not，谓语动词改用动词原型。 I dont have lunch at home. They dont play basketball on the sports ground. Mr. Jimmy doesnt know French. 二、课堂精讲例题及方法归纳例题一、把下列动词改为第三人生单数形式：make-have-do-come-run-walk-take-use-fly-buy-【解题思路】：注意掌握单词现在式的拼写形式【答案】：makes has does comes runs walks takes uses flies buys搭配课堂训练题 【题目】：like-study-wash-watch-brush-teach-stop-catch- saygo-例题2、动词的适当形式填空。 1. We often_(play) in the playground. 2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What (do) _he usually (do)_ after school?5. Danny _(study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art an school.【解题思路】：注意掌握单词一般现在时的拼写形式【答案】：1.plays 2.gets 3. do brush 4. does do 5. studies搭配课堂训练题、1.Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.2. Every night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.3. _ Mike_(read) English every day?4. How many lessons _your classmate_(have) on Monday?5. What time _his mother_(do) the housework?例题31. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答)2. I have many books. （改为否定句）3. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句）4. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句）5. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）6. David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）7. We have four lessons.（否定句）【解题思路】：注意掌握单词现在式的拼写形式,以及一般现在时句子的变化为否定句和疑问句，和肯否定回答。【解法与答案】：1.Yes,I do 2. I dont have many books.3. Gan shans sisters doesnt like play table tennis.4. She doesnt live in a small village Near New york.5. Do you watch TV every day?6. Has David got a boat?7. We dont have four lessons.搭配课堂训练题 【题目】：1. Nancy doesnt run fast （肯定句）2. My dog runs fast.否定句：一般疑问句3. Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句：否定句：4 I usually play football on Friday afternoon.否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问5 Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句: 搭配课堂训练题答案 例题1 likes studies washes watches brushes teaches stops catches says goes例题2 1. goes 2. watches .3. does read 4. does have 5. does do 例题3、1.Nanry runs fast. 2. My dog doesnt run fastDoes your dog run fast?3. Does Mike have two letters for him?Mike doesnt have two letters for him.4I usually dont play football on Friday afternoon.Do you usually play football on Friday afternoon?5. Su Yang usually doesnt do any clothes on Saturday.【模拟试题】: 一.用词的适当形式填空。1.What time_ his father_(do) the work?2.He _(get) up at five oclock.3._ you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4.What _ ( do ) he usually _( do ) after school?5.Tom _ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Kitty sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night, she _( watch ) TV with her parents.8. _ Mike_( read ) English every day?9.How many lessons_ your classmates_( have ) on Monday?10.We often_ ( play ) football in the playground.二选择() 1. _ you have a book? A. DoB. AreC. IsD. Have()2. They _ on a farm. A. workingB. is workC. workD. is worked() 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?_.A. Yes, he likeB. No, he doesntC. Yes, hed likeD. No, he likes()4. She doesnt _ her homework in