高考英语 考前100天冲刺 专题2 细节理解题课件.ppt

二 细节理解题 unit1a 2012 全国卷 a 话题 社会生活词数 231w难度 coldweathercanbehardonpets justlikeitcanbehardonpeople sometimesownersforgetthattheirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter 住所 astheyare someownerswill leavetheiranimalsoutsideforalongperiodoftime thinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors thiscanputtheirpetsindangerofseriousillness therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbad ifyouhavetotakethemout stayoutsidewiththem whenyou recoldenoughtogoinside theyprobablyaretoo ifyoumustleavethemoutsideforalongtime makesuretheyhaveawarm solidshelteragainstthewind thickbedding andplentyofnon frozenwater ifleftaloneoutside dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter theycandigintosnowbanksorhidesomewhere watchthemcloselywhentheyareleftoutdoors andprovidethemwithshelterofgoodquality keepaneyeonyourpet swater sometimesownersdon trealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan tgetanythingtodrink animalsthatdon thavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem 语篇导读 严寒的天气会给人带来痛苦 同样会给你的宠物带来痛苦和危险 所以 为了宠物的温暖和安全 你可以做点什么 1 whatdowelearnaboutpetsfromparagraph1 a theyareoftenforgottenbytheirowners b theyareusedtolivingoutdoors c theybuildtheirownshelters d theyliketostayinwarmplaces 解析 选d 推理判断题 第一段告诉我们theirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelterastheyare 如果你想当然地认为它们习惯于住在户外 会使它们有得病的危险 可见 它们也喜欢住在温暖的地方 故选d 2 whyarepetownersaskedtostaywiththeirpetswhentheyareoutincoldweather a toknowwhentobringtheminside b tokeepthemfromeatingbadfood c tohelpthemfindshelters d tokeepthemcompany 解析 选a 细节理解题 由文章的第二段ifyouhavetotakethemout stayoutsidewiththem whenyou recoldenoughtogoinside theyprobablyaretoo 可知 让主人陪着宠物一起在户外的原因就是适时地让它们回到屋里 故选a 3 ifpetsareleftontheirownoutdoorsincoldweather theymay a runshortofcleanwaterb digdeepholesforfunc dirtythesnownearbyd getlostinthewild 解析 选a 细节理解题 从文章的最后一段sometimesownersdon trealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan tgetanythingtodrink 可知 水结冰 宠物就没有水喝 所以选a b项错在forfun c项动词不对 d项文中未提到 4 whatisthepurposeofthistext a tosolveaproblem b togivepracticaladvice c totellaninterestingstory d topresentaresearchresult 解析 选b 主旨大意题 整篇文章的写作目的就是像第一段最后一句总结的那样therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe 下文都是对keepyouranimalwarmandsafe方法的进一步介绍 所以文章的写作目的就是给读者介绍几种keepyouranimalwarmandsafe的方法 故选b 长难句分析 animalsthatdon thavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem 分析 该句是一个复合句 thatdon thavecleanandunfrozenwater为限制性定语从句 修饰animals whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem是一个非限制性定语从句 解释说明dirtywater 译文 那些没有干净和融化的水喝的动物可能会喝外面的脏水 脏水里可能含有不利于它们健康的东西 b 2012 湖北 b 话题 文化教育词数 394w难度 whenmybrotherandiwereyoung mymomwouldtakeusontransportationdays itgoeslikethis youcan ttakeanymeansoftransportationmorethanonce wewouldstartfromhome walkingtwoblockstotherailstation we dtakethetrainintothecitycenter thenabus switchingtothetram thenmaybea taxi wealwaysconsideredtakingahorsecarriageinthehistoricdistrict butwedidn tlikethewaythehorsesweretreated soweneverdid attheendoftheday wetookthesubwaytoourcloseststation wheremom sfriendwaswaitingtogiveusaridehome ourfirstcarrideoftheday thegoodthingabouttransportationdaysisnotonlythatmomtaughtushowtogetaround shewasborntobemultimodal 多方式的 sheunderstoodthatdependingoncarsonlywasafailureofimaginationand aboveall afailureofconfidence theproductofachildhoodnotspentexploringsubwaytunnels onceyoulearntheroutemapandstepwithcertaintyoverthegapbetweenthetrainandtheplatform nothingisfrighteninganymore newcitiesarejustlight raillinestobeexplored andyourpersonalcar ifyouhaveone becomesjustonemoretoolinthetoolbox andoftenaninadequateone limitingbothyourmobilityandyourwallet ontransportationdays wemightstopforlunchonchestnutstreetorbuyanewbookortoy butthetransportationwasthepoint first itwasexcitingenoughtowatchtheworldspeedbyfromthetrainwindow asigotolder mymomhelpedmeunlockthemysteriesthatwouldotherwisehaveparalyzedmyfirstattemptstodoitmyself howdoiknowwheretogetoff howdoiknowhowmuchitcosts howdoiknowwhenineedtickets andwheretogetthem whattrack whatline whichdirection where sthestop andwilligetwetwhenwegoundertheriver i mwritingthisrightnowonanairplane ameanswedidn ttryonourtransportationdaysand wenowknow thedirtiestandmostpollutingofthemall myflightroutedmethroughphiladelphia mymultimodalmommetmefordinnerintheairport shetookatraintomeetme 语篇导读 在我们小的时候 妈妈经常带我们进行 transportationdays 即在一次旅程中任何交通工具的使用都不能超过一次 我们从中获益甚多 5 whichwasforbiddenbymomontransportationdays a havingacarride b takingthetraintwice c buyingmorethanonetoy d touringthehistoricdistrict 解析 选b 细节理解题 文章第二段第一句itgoeslikethis youcan ttakeanymeansoftransportationmorethanonce 可知 任何交通工具的使用都不能超过一次 所以正确选项为b 6 accordingtothewriter whatwasthegreatestbenefitofhertransportationdays a buildingconfidenceinherself b reducingheruseofprivatecars c developinghersenseofdirection d givingherknowledgeaboutvehicles 解析 选a 细节理解题 由文章第三段内容可知transportationdays的益处不仅仅是教会我们怎样四处游逛 更重要的是妈妈认为只依靠轿车这一种交通工具会造成孩子想像力和自信的丧失 由此可知正确选项为a 7 theunderlinedword paralyzed inpara 5 isclosestinmeaningto a displayedb justifiedc ignoredd ruined 解析 选d 词义猜测题 根据语境asigotolder mymomhelpedmeunlockthemysteriesthatwouldotherwisehaveparalyzedmyfirstattemptstodoitmyself 可知选d display陈列 展示 justify证明合法 ignore忽视 ruin毁坏 8 whichmeansoftransportationdoesthewriterprobablydisapproveof a airplane b subway c tram d car 解析 选a 推理判断题 由文中最后一段中i mwritingthisrightnowonanairplane ameanswedidn ttryonourtransportationdaysand wenowknow thedirtiestandmostpollutingofthemall 可知 作者认为飞机是目前所知道的最脏的 也是所有的交通工具中最具污染的一种交通方式 进一步推知在airplane subway tram和car中作者很可能不赞成乘坐的交通工具应该是airplane c 2012 全国卷 d 话题 历史文物词数 215w难度 addisababa ethiopia oneoftheworld smostfamousfossils 化石 the3 2million year oldlucyskeleton 骨骼 unearthedinethiopiain1974 willgoonanexhibitiontourabroadforthefirsttimeintheunitedstates officialssaidtuesday eventheethiopianpublichasonlyseenlucytwice thelucyonexhibitionattheethiopiannationalmuseuminthecapital addisababa isareplicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom ateamfromthemuseumofnationalscienceinhouston texas spentfouryearsdiscussingwiththeethiopiansfortheu s tour whichwillstartinhoustonnextseptember ethiopia srichcultureofboththepastandtoday isoneofthebestkeptsecretsintheworld saidjoelbartsch directorofthehoustonmuseum thesix yeartourwillalsogotowashington newyork denverandchicago officialssaidsixotheru s citiesmaybeonthetour buttheysaidplanshadnotyetbeenworkedout travelingwithlucywillbe190otherfossils lucy hernametakenfromabeatlessongthatplayedinacampthenightofherdiscovery ispartoftheskeletonofwhatwasoncea31 2 foot tallape man 猿人 语篇导读 在埃塞俄比亚出土的具有320万年历史的lucy化石和其他190件化石将要从埃塞俄比亚出发踏上为期6年的美国之旅 9 theauthorwritesthistextmainlyto a introduceafewu s museumsb describesomeresearchworkc discussthevalueofanape mand reportacomingevent 解析 选d 主旨大意题 从文章的第一段 尤其是第一句就可以看出 这是来自埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴的一则新闻 告诉人们在埃塞俄比亚出土的具有320万年历史的lucy化石将要从埃塞俄比亚出发踏上为期6年的美国之旅 故选d 10 whatdothewords areplica inparagraph2referto a apaintingoftheskeleton b aphotographoflucy c acopyoftheskeleton d awrittenrecordoflucy 解析 选c 词义猜测题 从画线词所在句子的while从句中提到的therealremains可以判断出areplica指的一定是 复制品 的意思 故选c 11 howmanycitieshaslucy su s tourplanalreadyincluded a four b five c six d eleven 解析 选b 细节理解题 已经确定展出lucy的城市有houston washington newyork denverandchicago5个城市 另外6个城市只是有可能展出 计划尚未确定 故选b 12 whatwastheskeletonnamedafter a anape man b asong c asinger d acamp 解析 选b 细节理解题 文章的最后一段告诉我们lucy的名字来自于发现她时正在演奏的abeatlessong 故选b d 2012 山东 c 话题 动物保护词数 315w难度 sanfranciscohasitscablecars seattlehasitsspaceneedle and longviewhasitssquirrelbridge thebridge whichhasattractedinternationalattention isnowalocallandmark thenuttynarrowsbridgewasbuiltin1963byalocalbuilder amospeters togivesquirrelsawaytocrossthebusyroadwithoutgettingflattenedbypassingcars theoriginalbridgewasbuiltoverolympiawayonthewestedgeofthelibrarygrounds beforethebridgewasbuilt squirrelshadtoavoidtraffictoandfromtheparkplazaofficebuildingwhereofficestaffputoutanuttyfeastforthesquirrels manytimes petersandotherswhoworkedinandnearparkplazawitnessedsquirrelsbeingrunover onedaypetersfoundadeadsquirrelwithanutstillinitsmouth andthatday scoffeebreakdiscussionturnedintosquirrelsafety thegroupofbusinessmencookedupthesquirrelbridgeideaandformedacommitteetoasktheblessingofthecitycouncil 市政会 thecouncilapproved andcouncilwomanbesslarivierejokinglynamedthebridge nuttynarrows afterarchitectsdesignedthebridge amospetersandbillhutchstartedconstruction theybuiltthe60 footbridgefromaluminumandlengthsoffirehose 消防水带 itcost 1 000 itdidn ttakelongbeforereportsofsquirrelsusingthebridgestarted squirrelswereevenseenguidingtheiryoungandteachingthemtheropes thestorywaspickedupbythemedia andnuttynarrowsbecameknowninnewspapersallovertheworld in1983 after20yearsofuse peterstookdowntheworn outbridge repairsweremadeandcrosspieceswerereplaced thefadedsignwasrepaintedandinjuly1983 hundredsofanimalloversattendedthecompletionceremonyofthenewbridge petersdiedin1984 andaten footwoodensquirrelsculpturewasplacednearthebridgeinmemoryofitsbuilderandhisdevotiontotheproject 语篇导读 文章主要讲述在美国朗维尤 为了避免松鼠在穿过繁忙的街道而遭到车辆碾压 amospeters数次为松鼠修建安全通道的故事 13 thenuttynarrowsbridgewasbuiltinorderto a offersquirrelsaplacetoeatnutsb setupalocallandmarkc helpimprovetrafficd protectsquirrels 解析 选d 细节理解题 根据第二段可知thenuttynarrowsbridge是为了避免松鼠被过往的车辆碾压所修建 即为了保护松鼠 故选d 14 whathappenedoverthecoffeebreakdiscussion a thecommitteegotthecouncil sblessing b thesquirrelbridgeideawasborn c acouncilwomannamedthebridge d asquirrelwasfounddead 解析 选b 细节理解题 根据第四段可知在当天的coffeebreakdiscussion中为松鼠建设安全桥的想法被提出来 故选b 15 whatdoestheunderlinedphrase teachingthemtheropes probablymeaninthetext a passingthemarope b directingthemtostorefoodforwinter c teachingthemalesson d showingthemhowtousethebridge 解析 选d 句意猜测题 画线部分所在句子的意思是 人们看见松鼠带领年幼的 并给它们示范如何通过桥梁 故选d 16 whichofthefollowingistrueofthesquirrelbridge a itwasreplacedbyalongerone b itwasbuiltfromwoodandmetal c itwasrebuiltafteryearsofuse d itwasdesignedbybillhutch 解析 选c 细节理解题 根据倒数第二段可知经过多年的使用这座桥被重修了 17 whatcanwelearnaboutamospeters a heisrememberedforhisloveofanimals b hedonated 1 000tobuildthebridge c hewasamemberofthecitycouncil d hewasawardedamedalforbuildingthebridge 解析 选a 推理判断题 根据最后一段的叙述我们可以推断出答案为a e 2012 陕西 a 话题 社会生活词数 260w难度 whatbringsanationtogether ofthefourchoices sharedvalues language history andreligion it ssharedvalues inourlatestpoll 民意调查 sevenoutof16countrieschosevaluesasthegreatestfactor 因素 bringinganationtogether andsixpreferredlanguage bothchoicesscoredhighinthepoll suggestingthatourvaluesandhowweexpressthemareclosely linked still historywasnotforgotteninsomecountries particularlyinmexicoandrussia evencanadaandtheunitedstateschosenationalhistoriesasthesecond mostimportantfactorunitingtheirpeople thebiggestsurprise notonecountrypickedreligionasitstopchoice 语篇导读 本文介绍了最近的一项民意调查 是什么把一个国家凝聚在一起 民意调查结果显示在四个选项 共有的价值观 语言 历史和宗教 中 居首位的是sharedvalues 其次是language 18 accordingtothepoll whatwasthemostimportantfactorinbringinganationtogether a language b values c history d religion 解析 选b 细节理解题 根据第一段的whatbringsanationtogether it ssharedvalues 和inourlatestpoll sevenoutof16countrieschosevaluesasthegreatestfactorbringinganationtogether 可知 19 inwhichcountrydidlanguagescorethelowestintheirnationalpride a canada b mexico c france d america 解析 选a 细节理解题 根据doyouspeakcanadian 段落中 languagescoredlowerincanadathaninallothercountriespolled 可知 这里是比较级表示最高级的意思 20 accordingtothecharts sharedvaluesandlanguagewereconsideredequallyimportantin a australiab brazilc chinad india 解析 选d 推理判断题 仔细看列出的表格 可以看到在印度sharedvalues和language的百分比都是32 由此可以推断出 在印度 sharedvalues和language被认为是同等重要的 长难句分析 languagescoredlowerincanadathaninallothercountriespolled perhapsbecausethecountryspeakstwoofficiallanguages frenchandenglish 分析 此句是一个含有because引导的原因状语从句的主从复合句 在主句中polled是过去分词作定语 修饰allothercountries lowerincanadathaninallothercountries是比较级表示最高级的用法 相当于 incanadalanguagescoredthelowestinallthepolledcountries 译文 加拿大在语言这一项比其他所有被调查的国家得分都低 这或许是因为加拿大有两种官方语言 法语和英语 unit2a 2011 陕西 c 话题 社会生活词数 302w难度 inearlyautumniappliedforadmissiontocollege iwantedtogonowherebuttocornelluniversity butmymotherfoughtstronglyagainstit whenshesawmestudyingaphotographofmyfatheronthesportsgroundofcornell shetoreitup youcan tsayit snotagreatuniversity justbecausepapawentthere that snotitatall anditisatopuniversity shewasstillholdingthepiecesinherhand butwecan taffordtosendyoutocollege iwouldn tdreamofaskingyouformoney doyouwantmetogetajobtohelpsupportyouandpapa thingsaren tthatbad arethey no shesaid idon texpectyoutohelpsupportus fatherborrowedmoneyfromhisrichcousinstostartasmalljewelleryshop hischiefcustomerswerehisoldcollegefriends togetnewcustomers mymotherhadtohelp shepickedupalong forgottenmembershipinthelocalleagueofwomen sothatshecouldgettoknowmorepeople whetherthosepeoplewouldturnintocustomerswasanotherquestion iknewthatmyparentshadtowaitforquitealongtimebeforetheirsmallinvestment 投资 couldshowreturns what smore theyhadnotwantedenoughtoberichandsuccessful otherwisetheycouldnotpossiblyhavemanagedtheirlivessobadly iwastornbetweenthedesiretohelpthemandchangetheirlives andthedeterminationnottorepeattheirmistakes ihadastrongbeliefinmypowertogetwhatiwanted aftermonthsofhardstudyiwonafullcollegescholarship 奖学金 myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme andmymothereventuallygaveinbeforemysuccess 语篇导读 当 我 考上自己梦寐以求的大学的时候 母亲却要断然拒绝 我 的梦想 原因很简单 那就是家里无法承担上大学的费用 在经历了一番思想斗争之后 我 最终还是选择了去上自己梦寐以求的大学 1 theauthorwasnotallowedtogotocornelluniversitymainlybecause a hisfathergraduatedfromtheuniversityb hismotherdidnotthinkitagreatuniversityc hisparentsneededhimtohelpsupportthefamilyd hisparentsdidnothaveenoughmoneyforhim 解析 选d 细节理解题 根据文章第三段 butwecan taffordtosendyoutocollege 可知母亲反对 我 去那所大学的主要原因在于无法负担起 我 的大学费用 2 thefatherstartedhissmallshopwiththemoneyfrom a alocalleagueb hisuniversityc hisrelativesd hiscollegefriends 解析 选c 细节理解题 根据第六段首句fatherborrowedmoneyfromhisrichcousinstostartasmalljewelleryshop 可知 父亲开珠宝店的钱是从他富有的堂兄弟那里借来的 故选c项 3 whydidthemotherrenewhermembershipintheleague a tohelpwithherhusband sbusiness b toraisemoneyforherson c tomeetherlong forgottenfriends d tobettermanageherlife 解析 选a 细节理解题 根据文章第六段togetnewcustomers mymotherhadtohelp shepickedupalong forgottenmembershipinthelocalleagueofwomen sothatshecouldgettoknowmorepeople 可知 母亲为了让父亲的珠宝店能够维持下去 有更多的新顾客 只能和以前很长时间都没有联系的人恢复联系 故选a项 4 accordingtothetext whatwastheauthordeterminedtodointhatautumn a togetawell paidjobforhimself b toimproverelationswithhismother c togotohisdreamuniversity d tocarryonwithhisfather sbusiness 解析 选c 细节理解题 根据文章最后一段ihadastrongbeliefinmypowertogetwhatiwanted 可知c项正确 作者最后的决定是不再重复父母的错误 毅然选择了自己梦寐以求的大学 长难句分析 iwastornbetweenthedesiretohelpthemandchangetheirlives andthedeterminationnottorepeattheirmistakes 分析 本句为一个简单句 句子采用被动语态 tohelpthemandchangetheirlives为定语 修饰desire nottorepeattheirmistakes为determination的定语 译文 我饱受折磨 一方面是想帮助他们改变生活的愿望 一方面是不再重蹈他们覆辙的决定 b 2011 新课标全国卷 d 话题 广告宣传词数 282w难度 wanted someoneforakisswe relookingforproducerstojoinusonthesoundoflondonkiss100fm you llworkonthestation smusicprogrammes musicproductionexperienceinradioisnecessary alongwithrichknowledgeofmoderndancemusic pleaseapplyinwritingtoproducervacancies kiss100 fatherchristmaswe relookingforaveryspecialperson preferablyover40 tofillourfatherchristmassuit workingdays everysaturdayfromnovember24todecember15andeverydayfromdecember17todecember24exceptsundays 10 30 16 00 excellentpay pleasecontact 联系 theenterpriseshoppingcentre stationparade eastbourne accountantsassistantwhenyoujointheteaminourrevenueadministrationunit youwillbeprovidingassistancewithinallpartsoftherevenuedivision dealingwithpostandothergeneralduties ifyouareeducatedtogcsegradeclevelwewouldliketotalktoyou thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience wealdendistrictcouncil softwaretrainerifyouareaged24 45andhaveexperienceinteachingandtraining youcouldbethepersonwearelookingfor youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting youwillbeallowedtomakeyourowndecisions andtodesigncoursesaswellaspresentthem payupwardsof 15 000fortherightperson pleaseapplybysendingyourcv 简历 tomrsr oglivie palmlacelimited 语篇导读 本文是几则招聘广告 第一则广告需要一名音乐创作 第二则广告需要一位年龄最好在40岁以上的圣诞老人 第三则广告需要会计助理 第四则广告需要软件培训人员 5 whoshouldyougetintouchwithifyouhopetoworkinaradiostation a producervacancies kiss100 b mrsoglivie palmlacelimited c theenterpriseshoppingcentre d wealdendistrictcouncil 解析 选a 细节理解题 第一则广告需要一名音乐创作 所以意欲在广播电台工作的人应该与第一则广告中提到的联系方式取得联系 故选a 6 welearnfromtheadsthattheenterpriseshoppingcentreneedsapersonwho a isagedbetween24and40b maydosometrainingworkc shoulddealwithgeneraldutiesd canworkforaboutamonth 解析 选d 细节理解题 根据第二则广告可知 圣诞老人从11月24到12月15的每个星期六工作 从12月17到12月24除去星期天每天都工作 7 whichpositionisopentorecentschoolgraduates a producer londonkiss b fatherchristmas c accountantsassistant d softwaretrainer 解析 选c 细节理解题 第三则广告需要会计助理 广告中提到这个工作既适合刚毕业的学生 也适合有办公室经验的人 8 whatkindofpersonwouldprobablyapplytopalmlacelimited a onewithgcsegradeclevel b onewithsomeofficeexperience c onehavinggoodcomputerknowledge d onetrainedinproducingmusicprogrammes 解析 选c 细节理解题 第四则广告需要软件培训人员 根据第二句广告的要求可知求职的人要懂电脑和编程 故选c c 2011 全国卷 b 话题 科普知识词数 310w难度 forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence 智力 intheanimalworld self awarenessisanimportantmeasurement ananimalthatisaware 意识 ofitselfhasahighlevelofintelligence awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror thatis itsownreflectedimage 反射出的影像 manyanimalsfailthisexercisebitterly payingverylittleattentiontothereflectedimage onlyhumans andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves nowanotheranimalhasjoinedtheclub intheproceedingsofthenationalacademyofsciences researchersreportthatanasianelephanthaspassedthemirrorself reflectiontest wethoughtthatelephantswerethenextimportantanimal saiddianareissofthewildlifeconservationsociety anauthorofthestudywithjoshuam plotnikandfansb m dewaalofemoryuniversity withtheirlargebrains reisssaid elephants seemedlikecousinstoapesanddolphins theresearcherstestedhappy maxineandpatty threeelephantsatthebronxzoo theyputan8 foot squaremirroronawalloftheanimals playarea outofthesightofzoo