七年级下册英语复习资料.doc

七年级英语下册期末复习资料可数名词的单数变复数规则（规则变化）:绝大多数名词的复数形式是在名词词尾加s，例如bag-bags，apple-apples；以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es。例如：family- families，dictionary- dictionaries；在以s，sh，ch，x结尾的名词后加es。例如：Class- Classes，watch（手表）-watches；在以f 或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe 为ves。例如：wife-wives，leaf-leaves；以 o结尾的名词，有生命的加s，没有生命的加es。例如：piano-pianos，tomato-tomatoes，zoo-zoos。可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）:man-men；woman-women；child-children；chinese- chinese；Japanese- Japanese一般现在时用法：（1）一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态。例如：I am a student.(存在的状态)He likes apples.She has a bike.这些动词常与often,usually,always,every day/morning/week/month/year,sometimes(有时),on Sundays,never(从不,从来没有),once a week(每周一次)等连用。例如：I go to school every day.He doesnt work on Sundays.（2）表示普遍真理或客观事实。例如： It is hot in summer.(普遍真理/客观事实)There is a big tree near the house.(客观事实)The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。(普遍真理)(3)表示主语的特征、性格、状态或能力等。例如：He is at work now.（表示主语的状态）Do you speak English?（表示主语的能力）I like swimming.（表示主语的喜好）(4)表示计划、安排的将来动作，也可用一般现在时。如go,come,leave,arrive, be,start,begin等动词常可以这样使用。例如：She comes back tonight.（现在还未到晚上，她还未回来）The metting is at 8:30,dont be late .（会还未开，还没有迟到）构成:一般现在时由“主语+动词”构成。根据我们的学习内容，把动词分为三类系动词be（即is，am，are），have has（意思为有，吃等）和实义动词（表示人或动物动作的动词,即行为动词）。下面分类讲述三类动词的一般现在时。(1)系动词be（即is，am，are）的一般现在时Be 的用法：动词除第一人称单数（即）用am，第三人称单数用is外，其余一律用are。肯定句由“主语be（isamare）其他”构成。例如：I am a boyShe is from JapanThey are students肯定句变成否定句只需在be 后加not 既可。(is not =isnt,are not=arent)以上三句的否定句依次为：肯定句变成一般疑问句只需把系动词be（即is，am，are）提到句子前面即可（注意：肯定句中的I，we需要变成you；my，our需要变成your）。所以以上三句的一般疑问句形式依次为：（）have has（意思为有，吃等）肯定句由“主语have has其他”构成。（注意：第三人称单数使用has，其余一律用have）例如：She has a new penThey have lunch at home. I have a brother肯定句变成否定句需要用助动词dont/doesnt，即由“主语dont/doesnt+have其他”构成。(do not=dont,does not=doesnt)以上三句的否定句依次为：肯定句变成一般疑问句需要用助动词do/does，即一般疑问句为“Do/Does+主语have其他”。所以以上三句的一般疑问句形式依次为:（3）实义动词（表示人或动物动作的动词即行为动词）的一般现在时肯定句由“主语动词原形（）”构成。（注意：只有在主语为第三人称单数的情况下，动词原形后面才加）。例如：I do homework every day.He watchesTV every evening.肯定句变成否定句需要用助动词dont/doesnt，即由“主语dont/doesnt+动词原形”构成。七年级英语下册第一单元 Unit 1 Where is your pal from?国家与语言（熟悉内容）：China Chinese （汉语，中国人） England English Canada Canadian （加拿大人） France French （法语，法国人）America American （美国人）Japan Japanese （日语，日本人） Australia Australian （澳大利亚人）1. be from =come from2. live住,居住(后跟地点是常用live in) 。例如：I live in China. 3. 说某种语言用speak, speak Chinese/ English / Japanese / French 说汉语/英语/日语/法语问某人说某种语言用句型What language do/does sb speak?What language do you speak?I speak Chinese.4. 14 years old 14岁解释：数字+ year（s） old 岁 当数字大于1 时，year 用复数years。I am 30 years old. Her son is 1 year old.5. can为情态动词,“能，能够，会”。后面跟动词时必须用动词原形。肯定句变成一般疑问句需把can 提到句首。肯定句变成否定句只需把can 变成cant 既可。例如：She can speak English. Can she speak English? She cant speak English.“Like+动词ing”表示“喜欢做某事”I like playing basketball.Tom likes listening to music. 6. Write to 人：写信给某人He often Writes to his mother. Do you ften Write to your penpal? 7. on weekens 在周末8. favorite形容词“最喜爱的”，名词“最喜爱的人或物”。 My favorite spor is soccer= Soccer is my favorite sport.9. tell sb. about sth.告诉某人某事My mother often tells me about my grandpa.我的妈妈经常告诉我关于我爷爷的事。第二单元Unit 2 Wheres the post office?1.“There be结构的一般现在时基本句型如下：肯定句:There is(Theres) a big supermarket near my home.(可数名词单数)There is(Theres) some water in the glass.(不可数名词)否定句There be结构的否定句只需在肯定句中be 的后面加not 即可。(is not =isnt,are not=arent)。疑问式和简略答语一般疑问句：只需把肯定句中的be 提到句首即可。因此以上三句的一般疑问句依次为：特殊疑问句:How many days are there in a week?一个星期有多少天?There are seven.有七天。注：在There be结构的一般现在时基本句型中，若“某物/某人”为好几个并列，往往根据第一个人/物的单复数来确定be 的形式。比较以下两句的差异：There is a pen and two books on the desk.There are two books and a pen on the desk.2.方位词的用法：next to在旁边，betweenand在和之间across from在对面，behind在的后面，in the neighborhood 在附近，in the front of在（物体里面的）前面，in front of 在（物体外面的）前面，on在街上The library is next to the bank. The library is between the restaurant and the bank.The bank is across from the restaurant. The park is behind the bank.There is a payphone in the neighborhood.There is a blackboard in the front of classroom.The library is on YiMeng Street.3. go straight 一着往前走,turn left/right 向左/右拐,on the left/right 在左边/右边4. 形容词反意词：cleandirty；newold；bigsmall5. the garden district 花园小区；take a walk 散步；the beginning of 的开始6. enjoy喜欢，过得快乐（后面跟的动词必须加ing）7. have fun 玩得快乐；play the guitar 弹吉他（play后跟乐器时必须加the，但后跟球类时不加the，例如：play basketball）课文解释：I know you are arriving next Sunday. 解释：“be+动词ing”为现在进行时，在这句中next Sunday“下个星期天”为将来时间。you are arriving next Sunday.是现在进行时表示将来动作的用法，这种情况多用于go，come，leave，arrive 等表示动作来去的动词，例如：He is leaving tomorrow.明天他将离开。let sb do sth让某人做某事（let us=lets） lets play basketball.the way to+地点:去某地的路 the way to school 去上学的路上；the way home 回家的路上（在这里home之前无修饰成分，为副词，去掉to）take a taxi 乘出租车；have a good trip旅途愉快第三单元Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?1. 掌握各种动物的名称和描述动物的形容词。2. Lets后跟动词原形“咱们做某事吧”。肯定回答一般用“OK/All right”，否定回答一般用“Sorry，I”等。Lets play tennis. Lets dance.OK. Sorry,I cant dance.3.Why引导的特殊疑问句,通常用来询问原因。She likes pandas because they are cuteWhy does she like pandas？4. What animal do you like?用于询问对方喜欢什么动物。5. play with玩，和一起玩Mary often plays with us.玛丽经常和我们一起玩。The boy is playing with a ball.那个男孩正在玩球。6. he likes to play with her friends and eat grass. =She likes to play with her friends and She likes to eat grass. 解释：本句的主语是She，谓语是likes，play with her friends 和eat grass.是由and 连接的两个相同成分，所以and后省略了She likes to。like to do 与like doing 的用法和区别见第一单元(p5,3a)的解释。7. so为并列连词，用来连接两个因果关系的句子，前面的表示原因，后面的表示结果。例如：He is very fat,so he doesnt like PE.class.他很胖,因此他不喜欢体育刻。=Because he is very fat, he doesnt like PE.class.=He doesnt like PE.class because he is very fat. (because引导的句子可以放前面,也可以放在后面)8.leaf 的复数为leaves第四单元Unit 4 I want to be an actor.1. What do you do?（= What +isamare+sb？/ What +isamare+ones job？）用来询问对方的职业。2.What do you want to do?用来询问对方想从事什么职业。3.give sb sth给某人某物=give sth to sb 把某物给某人Can you give me a pen?= Can you give a pen to me? Please give me an apple.=4. in the day在白天at night 在晚上5.thief 的复数为thieves6.She works in a hospital.Does she work in a hospital?Yes,she does. No,she doesnt.She doesnt work in a hospital. Where does she work?7.call sb at+电话号码：给某人打电话,电话号码是 Please call me at 78966616.请拨打78966616 找我。8.talk with/to sb 与某人谈话(p23,3a，3)school play 校园剧第五单元Unit 5 Im watching TV1. 现在进行时1）用法：现在进行时表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。例如：I am writing a letter.我正在写信。He is watching TV now.现在他正在看电视。They are reading.他们正在读书。现在进行时也可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。例如：We are working on a farm these days I am writing a book this month2）现在进行时的标志词：now，these days，look，listen。例如：He is playing basketball now.现在他正在打篮球。The students are helping the farmers these days.这些天学生们正在帮助农民。Look!They are dancing in the classroom.看！他们正在教室里跳舞。3）现在进行时的形式：be+动词的现在分词（即动词加ing）。4）现在进行时的句型：（1）肯定句句型：主语+be+动词的现在分词。例如：We are playing soccer now现在我们正在踢足球。Marry is learning English these days这些天玛丽正在学英语。 doing homework.我正在做作业。（2）否定句句型：主语+be+not +动词的现在分词。(is not =isnt,are not=arent) 动词过去式。（3）一般疑问句句型：Be+主语+动词的现在分词。以上三句的一般疑问句依次为：2. want to+动词:想做某事I want to go to movies.我想去看电影。She wants to go home now.现在他想回家。Does she want to go home now?She doesnt want to go home now.What does she want to do now?3. go to the movies去看电影；do ones homework做（某人的）作业；write a letter 写信；4. 在钟点前用at；在具体的某一天的早上、下午、晚上用介词on；在月、年的前面用in。at six oclock； on Sunday morning ；in September ； in 19985.wait for 人/物：等待某人/某物She is waiting for a bus.6.talk to人/talk with人:与某人谈话Tom is talking to his teacher.Toms mother is talking with his teacher.（注意：talk to人/talk with人有一点区别，“talk to人”是一方说，一方听，例如；“talk with人”是双方互相交谈，例如。）7.talk about sth谈论某事或某物They are talking about the movie.8. in/at the library；at the pool ；in/at the school ；at the mall ;at home ；at the art club；at shool9. thanks for+名词/代词/Ving相当于thank you for+名词/代词/Ving：意为“因而感谢你”Thanks for helping me.(help为动词)。Thanks for your e-mail.(e-mail)10. Here are some of my photos.第六单元Unit 6 Its raining!1. 与天气有关的一些单词：Sun 太阳 sunny 晴朗的wind 风 windy 有风的；多风的Cloud 云 cloudy 多云的；有云2. rain（动词）下雨；snow（动词）下雪反义词：hotcold；warmcool3. Hows the weather （in 地点）？（某地的）天气怎么样？Hows the weather in BeiJing？ Its cloudy/ sunny/ windy.4. Hows it going?(= Hows everything going?)两者均表示“一切好吗？”“近来怎么样？”，用来询问对方的工作、学习或生活情况。“Great！”是“Its great！”的缩写形式，在口语中可以表示“妙；好”之意。还可以根据情况回答“Not bad.”；“Terrible.”；“Pretty good.”。5. Thank sb for +名词/代词/V ing意为“因某事而感谢某人”Thank you for helping me.=Thank you for your help.6. someothers用于表示许多人或物中的“一些另一些”，而并非全部。There are a lot of people in the park. Some are walking and others are swimming.7. lie(意为“躺”)的现在分词为lying8.Look at this grop of people playing beach volleyball.第七单元 Unit 7 What does he look like?1.short/long hair 短/长头发curly/straight hair 卷/直发tall/short 高矮medium height 中等身高heavy/thin胖瘦medium build 中等身材2.What does he look like？用来描述别人长的什么样；回答时常用句型为：Sb+ be+ 形容词（tall/short/heavy/thin） Sb+have/has+名词/名词词组（short/long hair；curly/straight hair） Sb+ be of+ medium height/ medium buildWhat does your father look like？你爸爸长什么样?Hes tall.He has short,straight hair.他很高,留着短而直的头发。What does his mother look like？She is of medium build，and she has long hair.3. stop+V ing 停止正在做的事Stop running.停止跑步。Stop to +V 停止正在做的事去做别的事Stop to run.停下来去跑步。（停下现在做的事，然后去跑步。）4.like+V ing/to V喜欢做某事，爱好做某事5. I think+句子，意为“我认为”，think 引导的句子如果表示否定意义,否定转移到动词think前,因此该句子的否定句为“I dont think+句子”。就是在I think 后面的从句中，如果有否定含义，往往需要把否定词从从句移到主句，称为否定转移。I think he is only 12 years old.(否定句) I dont think he is only 12 years old.6. But my mom does.解释：在英文中，常常用do，does 或have代替上文中的动词短语，而不能直接用某一个动词来替代。例如I dont have a long hair,but my sister does. 第八单元Unit 8 Id like some noodles.本单元重点是掌握询问别人想吃什么种类的面条/水饺，并能询问所要碗的型号，需要掌握的内容：would like的用法，一些食物的名称；可数名词和不可数名词；并能根据要求写简单的食品类广告。1.would like+名词/不定式（to+V）想要某物；想做某事Id like some cakes.我想吃蛋糕。Tom would like to go swimming.汤姆想去游泳。2.would you like sth？（你想要某物吗？）也是日常生活中用来征求对方许可的一种委婉、礼貌的句型，起肯定回答为Yes，please，否定回答为No，thanks。Would you like a cup of tea？你想来杯茶吗？Yes，please./ No，thanks.好的。/不，谢谢。3.would you like to+V？（你想要某物吗？）是向对方提出建议或邀请的句型，起肯定回答为Yes,Id like to.或Yes，Id love to.否定回答为Sorry。would you like to play basketball with us?和我们一起打篮球，好吗？Yes，Id like to.好的，我愿意。4.What kind of noodles/dumplings would you like?用来询问对方喜欢哪种面条或水饺；What kind of noodles would you like? Beef noodles，please.5. What size bowl of noodles/dumplings would you like? What size bowl of noodles would he like? Hed like a small/medium/large bowl of noodles.第九单元Unit 9 How was your weekend?本单元重点是掌握How 引导的特殊疑问句，复习一般过去时。1.一般过去时用法：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday,last night/year,once,in 1990,two days ago等。也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与often，always 等表示频度的时间状语连用。例如：I got up at 6：30 yesterday.昨天我在六点半起床。She was a middle school student in 2000.在二零零年她是一个中学生。He always went to school by bus last year.去年他总是乘公共汽车去上学。形式：一般过去时的形式为“主语+动词过去式”。 动词be第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was，其余一律用were； 动词have/has 一律用had，没有人称和数的变化； 行为动词一律用过去式，没有人称和数的变化；一般过去时的句型：肯定句句型：主语+动词过去式。例如：I watched the film two days ago.两天前我看了这部电影。Mary was a docter in 2001.在2001 年玛丽是一名医生。The students played basketball yesterday.昨天学生们打篮球了。She bought a notebook last week.上个星期她买了一个笔记本。否定句句型：主语+wasnt/werent+其他主语+ didnt+动词原形。以上四句的否定句依次为：一般疑问句句型：Was/Were+主语+其他Did+主语+动词原形。以上四句的一般疑问句依次为：2.“What about ？”在英语中与“How about ？”含义相同，两者均表示“怎么样？”后面可以接名词、代词或动词+ing 形式，用来询问信息，提出建议或征询意见。What about this sweater? (名词)这件毛衣怎么样?( 征询意见) How about playing soccer?(动词)踢足球怎么样?(提出建议)I went to the movies. What about you?(代词)我去看电影。你干什么?(询问信息)3.在具体哪一天的上午、下午或晚上要用on，例如：on Sunday morning4.Do you think every enjoys their weekends？解释：本句属于含宾语从句的一般疑问形式，主句为Do you think，从句为every enjoys their weekends。例如Do you think she is adoctor？你认为她是一名医生吗？5.watch sb do sth 意为“看到某人做某事”。例如：Toms mother often watches him do homework.6.It is/was time to+V意为“该干了；是干的时候了”It is time to go to bed.注意：如果要表示“该某人做某事”时，应在to的前面加上for sb，即It is/was time for sb to+VIt is time for us to have dinner.我们该吃晚饭了。7. look for 寻找第十单元Unit 10Where did you go on vacation?本单元重点是掌握where 引导的特殊疑问句，并复习一般过去时；同时掌握日记的写作方法。1.stay at home 呆在家里go to summer camp 去夏令营go on vacation 度假2.friend(名词)朋友-friendly(形容词)友好的-unfriendly(形容词)不友好的3.have fun +V ing “做某事很有乐趣” They have fun playing basketball every day.4.find +人/物+Ving：发现某人/某物正在做 I found them swimming in the pool.5.be lost意为“丢失的，迷路的”They were lost in the forest yesterday. His pen was lost last Sunday. 6. help 人（to）+V：帮助某人做某事（注意：有时该用法可以和“help sb with sth ”互换）Lily often helps （to） us study English. =Lily often helps us with English.7.make sb do sth 让/使某人做某事Our mother often makes us go to bed on time.8.decide to do sth 决定做某事They decide to go to summer camp.他们决定去夏令营。第十一单元Unit 11 What do you think of game shows?本单元重点是掌握“What do you think of ”的用法，能够简单表达对某物/某事的看法。