B2U2 大学英语第二册第二单元ppt课件

Unit2OptimismandPositiveThinking GetStarted ListenandRespond OptionalClassroomActivities EnhanceYourLanguageAwareness ReadandExplore Sitingroupsofthreesorfoursanddiscussthefollowingquestions 1 Howdoyoufeelaboutyourpresentlife 2 Areyouinabadmoodsometimes Ifso why 3 Doyouknowhowtokeepyourselfinagoodmood 4 Howdoyoureacttodifficultiesinlife Canyougiveanexample 5 Doyouthinkoptimismisthekeytoahappyandbetterlife Studythefollowingquotesabouteducationandseeifyouaccepttheideasexpressedinthequotes Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface VictorHugo Interpretation Whenwefeeldisappointed sad lonelyormiserable wetendtofeelasifwewerelivinginwinter Butlaughterisagoodmedicineanditcanworkmiracles Ifwemakeaconsciousefforttolaugh wewillsoonfindthatweareinabettermood Here VictorHugotellsus inahumorousway theimportanceofbeingoptimisticintimesofadversity ClickPicture Whatseemstousasbittertrialsareoftenblessingsindisguise 伪装 OscarWilde ClickPicture Interpretation Lifeisfulloftrials Whenyouareindifficultyorsufferasetback don tdespair Youcanalwaysfindsomethinggoodinwhatseemstobeabadthing Onceyou vegonethroughthetrials youwillfindyourselfstrongerandinabetterpositiontoattainsuccess ClickPicture Interpretation Theattitudeofapersoncoloursthingsaroundhimorher Apessimisticpersonisalwaysfocusingonthenegativesideofthings Evenwhenthereisagoodopportunity apessimistwillthinkaboutthepossibledangersorrisksinvolvedinit Anoptimistdoesrecognizethedifficulties butheorshechoosestofocusonthepositiveside Apessimistseesthedifficultyineveryopportunity anoptimistseestheopportunityineverydifficulty WinstonChurchill Optimismisthefaiththatleadstoachievement Nothingcanbedonewithouthopeandconfidence HelenKeller ClickPicture Interpretation Optimismisessentialforachievement Ifweseenohopeandhavenoconfidenceinwhatwearedoing wecanachievenothing Itishopeandconfidencethatmotivateustoreachourobjectives Watchthefollowingvideoclip HowtoPracticePositiveThinking andthencompletethetasksthatfollow clickhere Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtowhatyouhearfromthevideoclip Afewsimpleattitudeadjustmentscanmakeyouhappierandhealthier Here showtoharnessthepowerofpositivity Youwillneed optimism visualization happyfriendsandagratitudejournal Step1 thingstoworkout Step2 Insteadoffocusingonthe trytofindsomethingpositiveineverynegativesituation Step3 Pictureyourselfsucceedingatevents Step4 yourselfwithhappypeople Step5 Writedown5thingsyou reforeverysingleday Expect negative challenging Surround grateful clickhere 2 Discussthetopicwithyourgroupmembers Howhaveyoupracticedpositivethinkinginyourdailylife Whatdoyouthinkistheeffectofpositivethinking Open clickhere optimistn apersonwhothinksthatwhateverhappenswillbegood乐观主义者moodn astateofthefeelingsataparticulartime心情 情绪 心境employeen of apersonwhoisemployed 常与of连用 受雇者 雇员 optimism n U atendencytogivemoreattentiontothegoodsideofasituationortoexpectthebestpossibleresult乐观 乐观主义bottomlinen themostimportantthingtoconsider要点 关键 Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentencesaccordingtotheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage 1 AccordingtothepassageMichaelwas A curiouspersonB alwaysanoptimistinhislifeC alwaysavictiminhiscompanyD anemployeewholikedcomplaining 2 IfsomethingbadhappenedorsomeonecametohimcomplainingMichaelwould A choosetobeavictim B bemorelikelytobeinabadmoodC choosetoacceptthebadthingorthecomplainingD choosethepositivesideoflife 3 InMichael sopinion A thosepeoplewholiketocomplainwilloftenaffectourmoodB weshoulddosomemorningexercisestocheerusupC howweliveourlifeisdecidedbyourattitudetolifeD optimistshavemorechancesofsuccessthanpessimists 4 FromMichaelthespeakerhaslearnedthat A eachmorninghemustsaysomethingtohimselfB everyonemayhaveachanceofsuccessC everydaywehaveachoicetolivefullyD it snoteasytobeanoptimist Listentotherecordingagainandfillineachoftheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard learnfrom victim goodmood positive abadday 1 Ifanemployeewashaving Michaelwastheretellingtheemployeehowtolookonthesideofthesituation 2 EachmorningwhenMichaelwokeuphewouldremindhimselftobeinaandchoosethepositivesideoflife ifsomethingbadhappened hewouldchoosetoitandnottobeaofit 3 InMichael sopinion lifeisallabout Everysituationinlifeisachoice Youchoosehowyousituations youchoosehowpeoplewillyourmood youchoosehowyou Thebottomlineis It syourchoicehowyouliveyourlife 4 TheauthordecidedtofollowMichael sexampleandbelievedthatifhechosetobeanoptimisthemight andmighthavemore choices reactto affect feel feelbetter enjoylifemore chancesofsuccess Exercise1 AnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationcontainedinTextA 1 AccordingtoRichDeVos whatistherelationshipbetweenoptimismandsuccess 2 Whyshouldeachofuschoosebetweenoptimismandpessimismtoshapeouroutlookandourexpectations 3 Whatistheauthor schoice Whydoeshemakesuchachoice 4 Whatdoestheauthor sexperienceintheservicestationtellus 5 What sthemeaningofthesentence Optimismdoesn tneedtobenaive Para 9 Exercise2 TextAcanbedividedintothreeparts Nowwritedowntheparagraphnumbersofeachpartandthengivethemainideaofeachinoneortwosentences 1 3 4 7 8 10 Itisnecessarytochooseoptimismtoshapeouroutlookandexpectations Theauthorsuggeststhatwedirectourattentiontopositiveandconstructivethinkingratherthantonegativism Theauthorillustratestheeffectofnegativismthroughhisownexperience Somepsychologistsbelievethatone sstateofmindhasgreatinfluenceoverone ssocialandintellectualperformance andthequalityoflifedependsmuchonone sattitudetowardslife Ifthisisthecase thencanweconsciouslymakeouremotionsworkforusinaconstructiveway Thefollowingpassageprovidesapositiveanswer bysimplychoosingoptimism wecanleadabetterlife ChooseOptimismRichDevosIfyouexpectsomethingtoturnoutbad itprobablywill Pessimismisseldomdisappointed Butthesameprinciplealsoworksinreverse Ifyouexpectgoodthingstohappen theyusuallydo Thereseemstobeanaturalcause and effectrelationshipbetweenoptimismandsuccess 2Optimismandpessimismarewithpowerfulforces andeachofusmustchoosewhichwewant soastoshapeouroutlookandourexpectations Thereisenoughgoodandbadineveryone slife amplesorrowandhappiness sufficientjoyandpain tofindarationalbasisforeitheroptimismorpessimism Wecanchoosetolaughorcry blessorcurse It sourdecision fromwhichperspectivedowewanttoviewlife Willwelookupinhopeordownindespair 1 4Anoptimisticattitudeisnotaluxury it sanecessity Thewayyoulookatlifewilldeterminehowyoufeel howyouperform andhowwellyouwillgetalongwithotherpeople Conversely negativethoughts attitudes andexpectationsthemselves theybecomeaself fulfillingprophecy Pessimismcreatesasadandhopelessplacewherenoonewantstolivein 3Ibelieveintheupwardlook Ichoosetohighlightthepositiveandsliprightoverthenegative Iamanoptimistbychoiceasmuchasbynature Sure Iknowthatsorrowexists Iaminmy70 snow andI velivedthroughmorethanonecrisis Butwhenallissaidanddone Ifindthatthegoodinlifeisfargreaterandmoreimportantthanthebad feedon 6BythetimeIlefttheservicestation Iwasfeelingalittleuneasy Aboutablockaway Ipulledovertothesideoftheroadtolookatmyfaceinthemirror HowdidIfeel DidIlookthatbad Waseverythingallright BythetimeIgothome Iwasbeginningtofeelalittlesick DidIhaveabadliver HadIpickedupsomeraredisease 5Yearsago Idroveintoaservicestationtogetsomegas Itwasabeautifulday andIwasfeelinggreat AsIwalkedintothestationtopayforthegas theattendantsaidtome Howdoyoufeel Thatseemedlikeanquestion butIfeltfine andtoldhimso Youdon tlookwell hereplied Thistookmecompletelybysurprise Alittlelessconfidently ItoldhimthatIhadneverfeltbetter Withouthesitation hecontinuedtotellmehowbadIlookedandthatmyskinappearedyellow odd 7ThenexttimeIwentintothatgasstation feelingfineagain Ifiguredoutwhathadhappened Theplacehadrecentlybeenpaintedabrightbutdisgustingyellow andthelightreflectingoffthewallsmadeeveryoneinsidelookasthoughtheyhadhepatitis Iwonderedhow manyotherfolkshadreactedthewayIdid Ihadletoneshortconversationwithatotalstrangerchangemyattitudeforanentireday HetoldmeIlookedsick andbeforelong Iwasactuallyfeelingsick ThatsinglenegativeobservationhadaprofoundeffectonthewayIfeltandacted 8Theonlythingmorepowerfulthannegativismisapositiveaffirmation awordofoptimismandhope OneofthethingsIammostthankfulforisthefactthatIhavegrownupinanationwithagrandtraditionofoptimism Whenawholecultureadoptsanupwardlook incrediblethingscanbeaccomplished Whentheworldisseenasahopeful positiveplace peoplearegiventhepowertoattemptandtoachieve 9Optimismdoesn tneedtobenaive Youcanbeanoptimistandstillrecognizethatproblemsexistandthatsomeofthemarenotdealtwitheasily Butwhatadifferenceoptimismmakesintheattitudeoftheproblemsolver Forexample throughtheyearsI veheardsomepeoplesaythatthemoneyspentonourspaceprogramhasbeenwasted Insteadofspending 455milliontoputamanonthemoon theysay whynotspendthatmoneyhereonearthonthepovertyproblem Butwhenyouaskthemexactlyhowtheywouldspendthatmoneytosolvethepovertyproblem mostofthemdon thaveananswer Givemeasolution Itellthem andI llraiseyouthemoney Thinkinpositivetermsabouthowtoaddresstheissueratherthancriticizingmoneyspentonanotherprogram suchasAmerica sspaceprogram whichhasresultedinmanypositivediscoveriesthathavebenefitedmankind 10Optimismdrawsourattentionawayfromnegativismand itpositive constructivethinking Whenyou reanoptimist you remoreconcernedwithproblem solvingthanwithuselessfault finding Infact withoutoptimism issuesasbigandongoingaspovertyhavenohopeofsolution Ittakesadreamer someonewithhopelesslyoptimisticideas greatpersistence andunlimitedconfidence totackleaproblemthatbig It syourchoice channels into Ifyouwereinthefollowingsituation howwouldyoulookonthepositivesideofthesituation Discussthetopicingroupsandshareyourviewswiththewholeclass Thetipsintheboxmaybeofsomehelp Open Situation IhadbeendreamingofbecomingastudentatafamousuniversitysuchasPekingUniversityorTsinghuaUniversity butmydreamwasneverrealizedbecauseofmypoorperformanceattheentranceexamination soIhavehadtogotoauniversitythatdoesnotcomeuptomyearlierexpectations 1 Iwasnowmoredeterminedthanevertoprovetomystudentsthattherewassomethingtocelebrateeverydayandtoworkadailydoseofgoodnewsintoourlearningenvironment Para 6 2 Paraphrasethesentence NowIwasmuchsurethatIshouldshowtomystudentsthateverydaywealwayshadsomethinggoodtocelebrateandwecouldalwaysaddorincludesomegoodnewstotheclassroom 1 TranslatethissentenceintoChinese 于是我比以往更加坚定地要向学生证明 每天都有值得赞美庆祝的事 我还要每天都往我们的学习氛围里注入一些好的消息 2 Myfearsthattheymightbetoohardenedbylifeandcynicalwerequicklyallayed Para 9 2 Paraphrasethesentence MyworriesweresooneasedwhenIfoundthatmyadultstudentshadnotbeenleftcoldandunfeelingbytheirexperienceoftheworldbutwereaswillingasmyhighschoolstudentstosharegoodnewswithoneanother 1 TranslatethissentenceintoChinese 我原本担心他们可能会因为生活而变得太过冷酷无情 愤世嫉俗 但我的担心很快消除了 3 theysaidtheylikedtheideasomuchthatthey dstartedopeningtheirregularmeetingsinmuchthesameway Para 9 2 Makeasentencewiththeitalicizedstructure MyhometownhadchangedsomuchthatIcouldhardlyrecognizeit 1 TranslatethissentenceintoChinese 他们说太喜欢这个主意了 他们用几乎相同的方式来做例会的开场白 4 Ioriginallyhadnoideathatitwouldhavesuchalastingimpactonallofus Para 10 2 Makeasentencewiththeitalicizedstructure Ioriginallyhadnoideathatstudyingaforeignlanguagewouldhavesomanybenefits 1 TranslatethissentenceintoChinese 我一开始根本没想到这会对我们所有人产生如此长远的影响 Q1 Howdidtheauthorstarthisclass Why Q2 Whomwastheauthorteaching Q3 Forhowmanyyearsdidtheauthorstarthisclassinthisway Paras 1 2 Didtheauthoroftengetpositiveresponsesfromhisstudents Para 3 Q2 Whathomeworkassignmentdidheusuallyaskhisstudentstodowhenhetaughteitherofthesetwosubjects Q3 Didhisstudentslikethehomework Q3 Whatagreementwasreachedafteralongclassdiscussionaboutthestudent scommentontheassignment Paras 4 5 Q2 Didthestudentsunderstandtheauthorimmediatelywhenheaskedthemtocelebratetheday Q3 Whydidtheauthoraskhisstudentstosharegoodnewsintheirownlives Para 6 Didthestudentslikethenewwaytostartclass Q3 Whydidtheauthoraddthethreemorechoices Paras 7 8 Q2 Didtheauthorexpectthelastingimpactofcelebratingthedayoriginally Q3 Whatdidhisfinalexamconsistof Paras 9 11 Whendidtheauthorrealizetheimpactofcelebratingtheday Q3 Whydoestheauthorsaythathislittleritualofcelebrationatthebeginningofeachclasshadhadanenormousandeverlastinginfluenceonmanylives includinghisown Paras 12 13 Activity1 Areyouanoptimistorapessimist Task1 Lookatthefollowingpicture Whatdoyousee Task2 Readthestoryonthenextpage Whatdoyouthinktheoptimisticsalesmanandthepessimisticsalesmanwouldrespectivelyreporttothemanagement WhatwouldYOUreportifyouwereasalesman Therewasasuccessfulcompanythatmadeandsoldshoes OnedaythemanagementhadameetingtoconsideropeningtheirmarketinAfrica TheysentoneoftheirtopsalesmentoAfricatomakeastudyofthemarketpotentialthere UponarrivinginAfrica henoticedthatmostoftheAfricanswerebare footed Sohereportedtothemanagement Themanagementconsidereditwisetohaveasecondopinion anddecidedtosendanothersalesmantoAfricatoassess 评估 themarketthere UponarrivalinAfrica thesecondsalesmanwasveryexcitedandreportedtothemanagement Activity2 Didyouevertrytolookforthegoodinyoureverydaylife Writedownthegoodthings smallorbig thathavehappenedtoyouduringthepastweekandsharethemwithyourgroupmembers Seethenextslide turnoutbad 结局不妙 anaturalcause and effectrelationship 一种天然的因果关系 shapeouroutlook 塑造自己的前途 theupwardlook 积极向上的态度 pickupsomeraredisease 染上什么怪病 thinkinpositiveterms 以积极的方式思考 drawourattentionaway 转移开我们的注意力 uselessfault finding 毫无意义地怨天尤人 havenohopeofsolution 没有希望解决 acallforcelebratinglife 对赞美生活的一种呼吁 believeitornot 信不信由你 getthehangofit 掌握了其中的窍门 haveaprofoundandlastingimpact 具有深刻持久的影响 lookforthegood 寻找好的一面 haveabuildupeffect 有累积效应 betoohardenedbylife 因生活而变得太冷酷无情 runintoaformerstudent 碰到一个以前的学生 putmeinagoodmood 使我心情愉快 Studythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit Reflectontheuseof as anddothefollowingtwotasks 1 Whentheworldisseenasahopeful positiveplace peoplearegiventhepowertoattemptandtoachieve Para 8 TextA 2 Infact withoutoptimism issuesasbigandongoingaspovertyhavenohopeofsolution Para 10 TextA 3 Believeitornot thislittleritualstartedastheresultoftwothingsthatusuallyhaveanegativeconnotation Para 3 TextB 4 Justasweweresettlingintoourroutine astudent sinnocentobservationjoltedme Para 4 TextB 5 Asenjoyableasitwastoheargoodnewsatleastfivetimesaday Ioriginallyhadnoideathatitwouldhavesuchalastingimpactonallofus Para 10 TextB As的用法1 作介词 表示 作为 当作 如 Asapartymember Imustbestrictwithmyself Heworksintheschoolasateacherofmath 2 作连词 引导方式状语从句 意为 像 按照 如 YoumustdoeverythingasIaskedyouto 3 作连词 引导时间状语从句 意为 当 的时候 如 Shesingsasshewalks HecamejustasIreachedthedoor 4 作连词 引导原因状语从句 如 Youmusthurryupasthereislittletimeleft 5 引导让步状语从句 常用于倒装结构 如 Hardasheworked hedidn tpassthisexamination Childasheis heknowsalot 6 用作关系代词 引导非限制性定语从句 如 Asweallknow theearthisround Shehasbeenlateagain aswasexpected 7 用于一些固定搭配 如 as as 与 相同的程度 与 等同Thedressistwiceasexpensiveasthat asif asthough似乎 好像Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened Hetalkedasthoughhewerealeader aswellas同 一样也 和 还Hislandladyprovideddinneraswellasbreakfast Icannotdothehomeworkaswellaslookafterthekids such as像 这样的 suchas例如Iboughtalotoffruits suchasapples oranges bananasandsoon Suchsimpleactionsaseatinganddrinkingbecomedifficult asfor至于某人 某事物 Asforyou yououghttobeashamedofyourself Asforthehotel itwasveryuncomfortable asto关于某事物 提到某事物Astocorrectingourhomework theteacheralwaysmakesusdoitourselves soasto 以便 为了Shesavedthemoneysoastosupportthefamily asamatteroffact其实 实际上Asamatteroffact I mveryfondofhousework asaresult结果 发生某种情况 Asaresult hehadbeengivenanexcellentjob aslongas只要Aslongasyouworkhard youwillsucceedsoonerorlater Now dothetasksonPages59 60inyourtextbook Thewritersofthetwotextsinthisunitconveytousthemessagethatweneedtolookatthepositivesideofanythingthatcomestousandthatweneedtotakeanoptimisticandpositiveattitudetowardlife Writeanessay ofabout150words toshareyourideaswithyourclassmates Thefollowinghintsmaybeofsomehelp Whatismeantby thinkingpositively Whatistheconnectionbetweensuccessandoptimism Howcanwekeepanoptimisticandpositiveattitude SampleWriting Thinkingpositivelymeansallowingyourmindtobefilledwithoptimisticfeelings andalwayshopingforthebestthoughstillawareofthedifficultiesthatmightbeinvolved Thehumanmindispowerful thoughtsofoptimismandpessimismcanbeaself fulfillingprophecy Thoughitmightseemimpossibletosome positivethinkingandsuccessactuallyhaveacause and resultrelationship Thereasonisthatapersonwith SampleWriting positivethinkingwillalwaysbroadcastgoodwillandconfidenceandthatkindofradiatingattitudewilltakeaholdoneverybody Gradually people sattitudewillshifttowardsmoretrustandrespect Thisnotonlyopensupmoreopportunitiesfortheindividual butitalsofeedsbackemotionally andthecyclecontinues 118words ThankYou KeytoGetStarted 1 Possibleanswers a Ifeelhappyaboutmypresentlife Myparentslovememuchandmyclassmatesarefriendlyandcaring Iammakingprogressinmystudieseveryday Iambecomingamoreindependentperson b Iamnothappyaboutmylifenow ItseemsthatIstillcannotadapttocollegelifeverywell Ifindithardtobalancebetweensocialactivitiesandstudies Ihavedifficultygettingalongwithmyclassmates Ifeellonelyattimes KeytoGetStarted 2 Possibleanswers a Yes Iaminabadmoodsometimes whenIhaveaquarrelwithoneofmyclassmates whenIfailtogetthedesiredresultsinmyexaminations whenIfeelboredandcanfindnothinginterestingtodo whenIhaveamoneyproblem b No Iamneverinabadmood KeytoGetStarted 3 Possibleanswers Yes Iknowafewwaystokeepmyselfinagoodmood TellmyselftobeinagoodmoodeverymorningwhenIgetup Choosetolookatthebrightsideofthings FocusonthethingsIhaveratherthanthingsIdonothaveorcannotget Dosomesportsorplaysomecomputergamestodistractmyselfwheninabadmood Takeawalkoncampus KeytoGetStarted 4 Possibleanswers a IfImeetsomeproblemsordifficultiesinlife Iwillfacethempositivelyandtrymybesttosolvethembymyself Myparentshardlyhaveenoughmoneytopayformyeducation Ididnotcomplainorfeeldisadvantaged Instead Isetmymindonsolvingtheproblembymyself AfterIgotintocollegeIfoundapart timejoboncampusandmanagedtoearnsomemoneytosupportmyself b Iwouldturntomyparentsforhelp becausetheyaremoreexperiencedinlife Andtheyarealwayswillingtohelp c Iwouldjustignorethemandletthembe There llbesomekindofsolutionsomehow Whybother KeytoGetStarted 5 Possibleanswers a Yes Ithinksobecausehappinessisafeelin