2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 4 Great Scientists 课后限时作业（十一） 外研版必修4

课后限时作业(十一)(见课时作业p21) 语言知识练.单句语法填空1the old man used to make his living by selling(sell) newspapers.2the price of the house in this city has gone up by 3% so far.3the floor is so dirty that it really requires washing/to be washed(wash)4our teacher said that the new film was well worth seeing(see)5i hear that the girl is hard to get(get) along with.6listen! the boy is being scolded(scold) by his father.7shakespeares play hamlet has been made(make) into at least ten different films over the past years.8all the employees except the manager are encouraged(encourage) to work online at home.9the girl was unhappy because she was laughed(laugh) at by some boys in the class.10the government announced that six highways had been built(build) by the end of last year.句型转换1yuan longping changed agriculture in china.he discovered a new type of rice.yuan longping changed agriculture in china by discovering a new type of rice.2researchers learn things when they carry out experiments.researchers learn things by carrying out experiments.3they changed the design，so they built a better engine.by changing the design，they built a better engine.4if we plan for the future we can be happy at present.by planning for the future we can be happy at present. 高考题型练.阅读理解the plan: turn the mars into a blue world with streams and green fields, and then fill it with creatures(生物) from the earth.this idea may sound like something from science fiction(科幻小说), but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers.this suggests the future for the “red planet” will be the main topic for discussion at an international conference hosted by nasa(美国宇航局) this week. leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event. it comes as nasa is preparing a multibilliondollar mars research programme.“turning the mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction，” said dr michael meyer, nasas senior scientist. “now, with scientists exploring the reality, we can ask what are the real possibilities of changing the mars.”most scientists agree that the mars could be turned into a little earth, although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal. but many experts are shocked by the idea.“we are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining another planet，”said paul murdin from the institute of astronomy, cambridge, uk.over the past months, scientists have become increasingly confident that they will find martian life forms. europe and americas robot explorers have found the proof that water, mixed with soil, exists in large amounts on the planet.in addition, two different groups of scientists announced on march 28 that they had found signs of methane(甲烷) in the martian atmosphere; the gas is a waste product of living creatures and could be produced by microbes(微生物) living in the red planets soil.but scientists such as dr lisa pratt, a biologist at indiana university, say that these microbes will be put in danger by the little earth project.“before we have even discovered if there is life on the mars, we are talking about carrying out projects that would destroy all these native life forms, all the strange microbes that we hope to find buried in the soil，” said dr lisa pratt.monica grady, a planetary scientist at the natural history museum, london, shares this view.“we cannot risk starting a global experiment that would wipe out the precious information we are looking for，” she said.“this is just wrong.”本文为议论文。美国的一部分科学家想把红色火星改造成蓝色的“生命天堂”，就这一提议，科学家们展开了辩论。1what is the passage mainly about?aa plan turning the mars into a little earth.bthe necessity of changing the mars.cfinding water on the mars.dthe mars supporting life.解析 a主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，人们计划将火星变为一个小地球，下文就这一计划是否应该实施进行了探讨，因此文章是围绕将火星变为小地球这一计划展开的，故选a项。2what could prove the existence of microbes living in the marssoil?aliquid water on the mars.bsome creatures on the mars.ca lot of good soil on the mars.dsigns of methane in the mars atmosphere.解析 d推理判断题。根据倒数第四段可知，科学家在火星上发现了甲烷存在的迹象，而甲烷是生物排放出的一种气体。由此科学家认为火星上有微生物存在，故选d项。3what can we infer from the passage?awater is a key factor for life; without it, living on the mars would be impossible.bthe project wont affect the native life forms supposed to live on the mars.cthe idea turning the mars into a little earth is nothing but science fiction.dmonica grady is in favour of carrying out the little earth project.解析 a推理判断题。根据倒数第五段可知，科学家对于能够在火星上发现生物非常有自信，因为欧洲和美国的机器人已经发现了水存在的证据。由此可推知，水是生命存在的关键因素，故选a项。.完形填空on a beautiful september evening, my 11yearold grandson, josh, and his team were warming up for their first football game of the season.at six, the 1 called the captains forward, said something and 2 his whistle.the two teams 3 separately.i was 4.the other team were, 5， ten inches taller than our players.it didnt take long for their 6 advantage to show.they took a 70 lead very 7.at the half, the score stood at 34 to 6.josh 8 minimal play time.in the second half, they used josh more often.the score climbed to 40 to 6.once again, the other team began their 9 down the field.their quarterback threw the ball.the receiver caught it and 10 the goal.there was only one man in his 11 josh.josh dove(扑) and 12 that boys legs with all his strength.the receiver dragged josh a couple of yards and 13 fell down.on the next play, their quarterback shot an opening and rushed to the goal, but there was josh again.josh knocked him off his feet and 14 another goal.they scored on the last play, but it wasnt joshs 15.the game ended with a score of 48 to 6.on the way home, i wanted to 16 josh, but he turned to me with a 17 smile.“grandpa, that was a 18 game.”“but you lost, 48 to 6 ！”“i know, but i did good.”the boy understood the 19 better than i did.they didnt win, but he did his best.i was proud of him.more 20， he was proud of himself.1aplayer bjudgeccoach dreceiver2a.waved braisedcthrew dblew3a.gathered bpracticedccelebrated dwandered4a.inspired bembarrassed cshocked ddelighted5a.in total bon averagecat length dfor example6a.speed bstrengthcage dsize7a.often bsooncregularly drarely8a.saw blostcexpected dwasted9a.break bsearchccharge ddebate10a.let in bfought forcwent in dheaded for11a.way bpositioncsight dmind12a.made room forblooked up at ctook hold of dkept away from13a.accidentally bfinally cdeliberately dgradually14a.saved bgainedctried dkicked15a.turn bhonourcfault doption16a.trick bscoldcpraise dcomfort17a.sad bwidecbitter dpolite18a.great bclosecsilly dvital19a.team bplaycgame dfield20a.seriously bfortunately cspecifically dimportantly本文为记叙文。“我”的孙子josh参加足球赛，面对强大的对手，虽然输了，但是他认为自己做得很好，并为自己感到自豪，“我”也为他感到骄傲。1解析 b根据下文，尤其是his whistle可知，此处指在六点裁判员(judge)把队长们叫上前，故选b项。2解析 d根据语境及常识可知，此处指裁判员吹(blow)响了哨子，故选d项。3解析 a根据语境及常识可知，此处指两支球队分别集合(gather)。practice练习；celebrate庆祝，庆贺；wander徘徊，故选a项。4解析 c根据空后一句可知，对方球员平均(on average)比“我”孙子所在的球队的球员高出10英寸。由此可知，“我”感到很震惊(shocked)，故选c项。5解析 b参见上题解析。in total总计；on average平均；at length最后；for example例如，故选b项。6解析 d根据上文对方球队队员的身高远高于“我”孙子所在的球队队员的身高可知，此处指没过多久他们的身高尺寸(size)优势就显现出来了，故选d项。7解析 b根据语境可推知，此处指很快(soon)，对方就以70领先，故选b项。8解析 a根据空后一句可知，在下半场(比赛)，他们更多地让josh上场；据此可推知，在上半场josh的比赛时间很少。see经历，符合语境，故选a项。9解析 c根据下文可知，四分卫把球抛传给接球手，接球手带球袭进；据此可知，对方球队再一次发起了冲锋；charge冲锋，故选c项。10解析 d参见上题解析。head for朝进发，故选d项。11解析 a根据语境可知，此处指只有一个人挡住了他的路josh。in ones way为固定搭配，意为“妨碍，挡着某人的路”，故选a项。12解析 c根据常识可知，此处指josh扑过去，用尽全身力气抓住那个男孩的腿。take hold of抓住，故选c项。13解析 b根据语境可知，接球者拖着josh走了几码，最终(finally)摔倒了，故选b项。14解析 a根据语境可知，josh撞倒了他，又一次救下了(save)球，故选a项。15解析 c根据语境可知，虽然对方得了分，但不是josh的过错(fault)，故选c项。16解析 d根据上文可知，josh所在的球队输了，再结合常识可知，此处指在回家的路上，“我”想要安慰(comfort)他，故选d项。17解析 b根据下文可知，尽管最终输了，但josh认为自己在球场上做得很好，故此处指他朝“我”咧嘴一笑，故选b项。18解析 a根据下文及选项可推知，此处指josh告诉“我”那场比赛很棒(great)，故选a项。19解析 c根据上文中的game，并结合josh对这场球赛的评价可知，此处指他对这场球赛(game)的理解比“我”好，故选c项。20解析 d根据语境可知，此处指更重要的是(more importantly)，他为自己而自豪，故选d项。.语法填空on the way home with my children by car. ben, my sixyearold kid, had been talking for nine hours. we were all sick of 1._(hear) that little voice. just when i was about 2._(turn) around and ban all noise for the rest of the ride, a thought entered my mind. i turned to look 3._ my husband, “can you believe that five years ago he couldnt even talk？”all of 4._ sudden, i wanted to hear him. i wanted to hear all of them talk and laugh hysterically(歇斯底里地)bad things were happening outside our car. but my car 5._ (fill) with noise and laughter. isnt it my job to keep the light going especially in the dark? it was one of those moments where i